القائمة
Mastering C++ Type-Driven Design. Triggers: strong types, phantom types, type state pattern, builder pattern, invalid state unrepresentable.
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Mastering C++ Ownership: Move Semantics, RAII, and Reference Safety. Triggers: std::move, use-after-free, double-free, dangling pointer, copy elision, RVO, reference qualifiers.
Mastering C++ Smart Pointers: unique_ptr, shared_ptr, weak_ptr. Triggers: memory management, cycles, enable_shared_from_this, make_unique, make_shared, custom deleters.
Mastering C++ Const Correctness and Mutability. Triggers: const, mutable, logically const, bitwise const, data race, mutex, shared_mutex, thread safety.
Mastering C++ Polymorphism: Templates, Concepts, and Virtual Functions. Triggers: templates, concepts, vtable, CRTP, static polymorphism, dynamic polymorphism, SFINAE.
Mastering C++ Error Handling. Triggers: exceptions, try-catch, noexcept, std::expected, std::optional, error codes, assert, terminate.
| name | m05-type-driven |
| description | Mastering C++ Type-Driven Design. Triggers: strong types, phantom types, type state pattern, builder pattern, invalid state unrepresentable. |
Can I make this bug a compile error?
int for IDs, double for Money. Bad.struct UserId, struct Money. Good.Connection<OFF> vs Connection<ON>.| Issue | Design Question |
|---|---|
| Swapped arguments | Did you pass width to height? (Use Strong Types). |
| Invalid State | Did you call read() on closed file? (Use Type State). |
| Unit confusion | Did you mix Meters and Feet? (Use std::chrono style units). |
Is this int unique?
struct.struct UserId { int val; }; prevents process(OrderId).Does valid usage depend on order?
Builder::port() returns BuilderWithPort.Are units compatible?
Dist<Meters> + Dist<Feet>.Trace Up:
double calculate_trajectory(double dist) accepted any number.Dist<Meters> calculate(Dist<Meters> d). Compilation fails if you pass Feet.Trace Down:
File<Open> f = File<Closed>().open(); f.read();| Pattern | Cost | Use When |
|---|---|---|
| Struct Wrapper | Zero | Distinct IDs, coordinates. |
| Enum Class | Zero | Type-safe flags (no implicit int conv). |
| Phantom Type | Zero | Tracking state without storage. |
| User Literal | Zero | 10_m, 50_s. |