القائمة
Adversaries may abuse software extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems.
يُحدَّد Prompt الذي يراجع المصدر أولًا بشكل افتراضي. يمكنك التبديل إلى أمر مباشر أو تنزيل نسخة محلية.
اقرأ SKILL.md وأي ملفات مرافقة يعرضها SkillsMP قبل أن تقرر التثبيت.
التثبيت باستخدام Codex أو Claude انسخ هذا Prompt والصقه في Codex أو Claude أو مساعد آخر ليراجع صفحة Skill ويثبّتها لك.
يتجاوز الأمر المباشر Prompt المخصّص للمراجعة. افحص المصدر قبل تشغيله.
npx skills add https://github.com/CyberStrikeus/CyberStrike --skill t1176-software-extensionsيبقى الأمر في سطر واحد. مرّر أفقيًا لمراجعته كاملًا قبل النسخ.
تفضّل نسخة محلية؟ نزّل الملفات المتاحة حاليًا لدى SkillsMP.
macOS post-exploitation for credential harvesting, DTrace monitoring, TCC bypass, and stealth operations via native tools
Windows userland post-exploitation for credential harvesting, monitoring, AMSI/ETW bypass, and stealth operations
Kubernetes post-exploitation for container escape, secret extraction, RBAC abuse, and cluster persistence
استنادا إلى تصنيف SOC المهني
عرض SKILL.md
| name | T1176_software-extensions |
| description | Adversaries may abuse software extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems. |
| category | configuration |
| version | 18.1 |
| author | cyberstrike-official |
| tags | ["mitre-attack","enterprise","t1176","persistence","linux","macos","windows"] |
| technique_id | T1176 |
| tactic | persistence |
| all_tactics | ["persistence"] |
| platforms | ["Linux","macOS","Windows"] |
| mitre_url | https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176 |
| tech_stack | ["linux","macos","windows"] |
| cwe_ids | ["CWE-276"] |
| chains_with | ["T1176.001","T1176.002"] |
| prerequisites | [] |
| severity_boost | {"T1176.001":"Chain with T1176.001 for deeper attack path","T1176.002":"Chain with T1176.002 for deeper attack path"} |
Adversaries may abuse software extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems. Software extensions are modular components that enhance or customize the functionality of software applications, including web browsers, Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), and other platforms. Extensions are typically installed via official marketplaces, app stores, or manually loaded by users, and they often inherit the permissions and access levels of the host application.
Malicious extensions can be introduced through various methods, including social engineering, compromised marketplaces, or direct installation by users or by adversaries who have already gained access to a system. Malicious extensions can be named similarly or identically to benign extensions in marketplaces. Security mechanisms in extension marketplaces may be insufficient to detect malicious components, allowing adversaries to bypass automated scanners or exploit trust established during the installation process. Adversaries may also abuse benign extensions to achieve their objectives, such as using legitimate functionality to tunnel data or bypass security controls.
The modular nature of extensions and their integration with host applications make them an attractive target for adversaries seeking to exploit trusted software ecosystems. Detection can be challenging due to the inherent trust placed in extensions during installation and their ability to blend into normal application workflows.
Platforms: Linux, macOS, Windows
The following tests are from Atomic Red Team and provide actionable ways to test this technique:
Turn on Chrome/Chromium developer mode and Load Extension found in the src directory
Supported Platforms: linux, windows, macos
Create a file called test.wma, with the duration of 30 seconds
Supported Platforms: linux, windows, macos
Adversaries may use VPN extensions in an attempt to hide traffic sent from a compromised host. This will install one (of many) available VPNS in the Edge add-on store.
Supported Platforms: windows, macos
This test loads an unpacked extension in Google Chrome with the --load-extension parameter. This technique was previously used by the Grandoreiro malware to load a malicious extension that would capture the browsing history, steal cookies and other user information. Other malwares also leverage this technique to hijack searches, steal passwords, inject ads, and more.
References: https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176/ https://securityintelligence.com/posts/grandoreiro-malware-now-targeting-banks-in-spain/
Supported Platforms: windows Elevation Required: Yes
# Chromium
$chromium = "https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-snapshots/Win_x64/1153778/chrome-win.zip"
# uBlock Origin Lite to test side-loading
$extension = "https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uBOL-home/releases/download/uBOLite_2024.11.25.1376/uBOLite_2024.11.25.1376.chromium.mv3.zip"
Set-Location "#{working_dir}"
Set-Variable ProgressPreference SilentlyContinue
Invoke-WebRequest -URI $chromium -OutFile "#{working_dir}\chrome.zip"
Invoke-WebRequest -URI $extension -OutFile "#{working_dir}\extension.zip"
Expand-Archive chrome.zip -DestinationPath "#{working_dir}" -Force
Expand-Archive extension.zip -Force
Start-Process .\chrome-win\chrome.exe --load-extension="#{working_dir}\extension\" -PassThru
If Atomic Red Team tests are not applicable, manually verify the technique by:
Identify Attack Surface: Determine if the target environment is susceptible to Software Extensions by examining the target platforms (Linux, macOS, Windows).
Assess Existing Defenses: Review whether mitigations for T1176 are in place. If defenses are absent or misconfigured, this technique may be exploitable.
Execute Test: Use tools and methods described in the MITRE ATT&CK page and external references below.
Only install extensions from trusted sources that can be verified.
Ensure extensions that are installed are the intended ones, as many malicious extensions may masquerade as legitimate ones.
Train users to minimize extension use, and to only install trusted extensions.
Ensure operating systems and software are using the most current version.
Set an extension allow or deny list as appropriate for your security policy.
| Finding | Severity | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Software Extensions technique applicable | High | Persistence |
| CWE ID | Title |
|---|---|
| CWE-276 | Incorrect Default Permissions |