backups

name	backups
description	Configure and verify Borg backups for this nix flake project. Use when adding, changing, auditing, or troubleshooting backup schedules on gnomeregan, including remote SSH/rsync-staged backups from other hosts.

Project Backups

Use this skill when the user asks to add, change, verify, or troubleshoot backups.

Key files

• Main backup module: modules/services/borg-backup.nix
• Backup host: gnomeregan
• Host wiring: colmena/hosts/gnomeregan.nix
• Service state usually lives in the service module: modules/services/<service>.nix
• Hetzner root SSH authorization: colmena/hetzner-common/default.nix
• gnomeregan Home Manager secrets: modules/home-manager/features/secrets.nix

Discovery checklist

1. Run graphify query "<service> backup gnomeregan borg directories schedule" if graphify-out/graph.json exists.
2. Read modules/services/borg-backup.nix before editing.
3. Read the target service module, e.g. modules/services/hermes.nix, and identify persistent state from:
   • container bind mounts / volumes,
   • systemd.tmpfiles.rules, StateDirectory, or explicit data directories,
   • sync scripts or database paths.
4. Back up service state directories, not SOPS-managed secrets. Secrets should be recoverable from nix-secrets unless the user explicitly asks for a filesystem secret backup.
5. State the verified directories before adding the schedule.

Backup model on gnomeregan

modules/services/borg-backup.nix supports two kinds of jobs:

• Storage Box CIFS jobs:
  • names live in dailyStorageNames, weeklyNames, or monthlyNames,
  • Storage Box sub-account mappings live in storages,
  • optional path narrowing lives in storagePaths,
  • optional borg excludes live in storageExcludes.
• Remote SSH/rsync-staged jobs:
  • names live in dailyRemoteNames (or another remote frequency list if added),
  • source definitions live in remoteBackups,
  • data is rsynced into /var/lib/backup-staging/<name> first,
  • borg snapshots the staging directory into /mnt/hetzner-backup/borg-repos/<name>.

When adding a new remote backup, prefer the existing mkRemoteBorgJob pattern rather than adding an ad-hoc systemd service.

Remote SSH requirements

Before claiming a remote backup will work, verify both sides:

1. gnomeregan has a usable private key. Current remote jobs use:
   • /home/fdrake/.ssh/id_ansible
   • provided by Home Manager SOPS secret ssh-id-ansible.
2. the source host authorizes the matching public key for the backup user.
   • Hetzner servers authorize root keys in colmena/hetzner-common/default.nix.
3. the source SSH port and user match the host config.
   • Hetzner app servers usually use root on port 2222.
4. live-test from gnomeregan when the host is reachable:

ssh -o BatchMode=yes -o ConnectTimeout=10 gnomeregan.internal.freddrake.com 'bash -s' <<'REMOTE'
sudo ssh -i /home/fdrake/.ssh/id_ansible -p 2222 \
  -o BatchMode=yes \
  -o ConnectTimeout=10 \
  -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new \
  -o UserKnownHostsFile=/tmp/gnomeregan-backup-known_hosts \
  -o IdentitiesOnly=yes \
  root@<source-ip> 'hostname; test -r <backup-path> && echo backup-path-readable'
REMOTE

Use the actual source IP, port, user, and path from the host/service modules.

Editing checklist

1. Add the backup name to the appropriate frequency list.
2. For Storage Box jobs, add/update storages, storagePaths, or storageExcludes as needed.
3. For remote jobs, add a remoteBackups.<name> entry with:
   • host, port, user, paths, and identityFile,
   • comments documenting why those paths are the complete service state.
4. Ensure the job is included in allNames so backup status includes it.
5. Keep descriptions accurate, e.g. daily wrapper description should include new daily jobs.

Validation

Run before reporting success:

nix run nixpkgs#alejandra -- modules/services/borg-backup.nix
nix-instantiate --parse modules/services/borg-backup.nix >/dev/null
nix run nixpkgs#colmena -- --impure eval -E '{ nodes, ... }: nodes.gnomeregan.config.services.borgbackup.jobs."hetzner-<name>".paths'
nix run nixpkgs#colmena -- --impure eval -E '{ nodes, ... }: nodes.gnomeregan.config.systemd.services.borg-backup-daily.script'
git diff --check
graphify update .

If creating new files, git add them so the git-backed flake can see them when referenced.

Deployment note

Do not deploy unless asked. If asked to deploy, follow the infrastructure skill's Colmena guidance: use the project workflow/subagent expectations rather than running a noisy ad-hoc fleet deploy in the main context.