القائمة
Use Graham value investing for Is this investment or speculation, defensive stock screens, margin of safety, Mr. Market, allocation, funds, IPOs.
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| name | intelligent-investor-graham |
| description | Use Graham value investing for Is this investment or speculation, defensive stock screens, margin of safety, Mr. Market, allocation, funds, IPOs. |
| license | Skill distillation for personal/educational use. Do not reproduce source passages verbatim. |
Knowledge source: The Intelligent Investor by Benjamin Graham, revised edition with commentary by Jason Zweig. Architecture: Orchestrator + 7 subskills. This file routes the user query; subskills execute the actual Graham workflows.
intelligent-investor-graham/
├── SKILL.md
├── quotes/
│ ├── market-philosophy-quotes.md
│ └── value-investing-quotes.md
└── subskills/
├── m1_investment_vs_speculation/
│ ├── module.md
│ └── references/case_library.md
├── m2_defensive_stock_screen/
│ ├── module.md
│ └── references/case_library.md
├── m3_margin_of_safety_pricing/
│ ├── module.md
│ └── references/case_library.md
├── m4_market_fluctuation_response/
│ ├── module.md
│ └── references/case_library.md
├── m5_portfolio_policy/
│ ├── module.md
│ └── references/case_library.md
├── m6_fund_adviser_ipo_review/
│ ├── module.md
│ └── references/case_library.md
└── m7_enterprising_bargain_hunt/
├── module.md
└── references/case_library.md
Use this skill to apply Graham's value-investing discipline to practical investor decisions: distinguishing investment from speculation, screening defensive stocks, estimating margin of safety, responding to market swings, setting portfolio policy, evaluating funds or advisers, and searching for enterprising-investor bargains.
This is not a market-forecasting, momentum-trading, tax-planning, or personalized financial-advice skill. Its job is to force businesslike analysis, conservative arithmetic, and temperament discipline before any action is labeled an investment.
Invoke this skill when the user asks questions such as:
Every substantive Graham-method claim must cite the original-text quote files when a module produces a final answer.
Quote files:
quotes/value-investing-quotes.md — investment definition, margin of safety, Mr. Market, defensive allocation, price discipline, Graham's core principles.quotes/market-philosophy-quotes.md — market pendulum, earnings skepticism, IPO warnings, index funds, adviser conflicts, net-current-asset bargains, simplicity, historical humility.Citation format:
"Author's exact words here."
Anchor mapping:
value-investing-quotes.md: #buffett-endorses-graham, #investment-vs-speculation, #margin-of-safety, #mr-market, #mr-market-servant, #defensive-portfolio-split, #price-matters-more, #graham-core-principles, #the-future-value-depends-on-price, #no-need-for-extraordinarymarket-philosophy-quotes.md: #market-is-a-pendulum, #earnings-can-be-manipulated, #avoid-ipos, #index-funds-best, #advisers-misaligned, #net-current-asset-bargains, #simplicity-beats-cleverness, #santayana-warningRules:
references/case_library.md for the relevant quote IDs.| Workflow | User question pattern | Inputs | Steps | Output | Independent trigger? | Distinct references? | Triage score | Should be subskill? | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Investment/speculation classification | "Is this trade investing?" | Security, thesis, holding period, analysis, leverage, position sizing | Test analysis, principal safety, adequate return, promotional dependence | Investment/speculation verdict and boundary conditions | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Foundation for every proposed purchase or trade. |
| Defensive stock screen | "Does X pass Graham's defensive checklist?" | 10-year earnings, dividends, balance sheet, price, EPS, book value | Apply seven defensive criteria without soft averaging | Pass/fail table and disqualifiers | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct inputs, rules, and pass/fail artifact. |
| Margin of safety pricing | "What price is attractive?" | Normalized earnings, assets, book value, debt, bond yield, current price | Estimate conservative value, discount, and no-buy zone | Buy zone, watch zone, avoid zone | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct valuation artifact. |
| Market fluctuation response | "The stock dropped. Should I sell?" | Price change, business change, valuation, liquidity needs, leverage | Separate quotation from value; test impairment and forced-selling risk | Hold/add/reduce/sell framework | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct behavioral and sell-discipline workflow. |
| Portfolio policy | "How should I allocate?" | Investor type, income need, effort, risk capacity, yields | Start at 50/50, apply 25/75 guardrails, rebalance | Allocation range and rebalancing rule | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Different input type and output artifact. |
| Fund/adviser/IPO review | "Should I buy this fund or IPO?" | Fees, incentives, operating history, marketing claims, alternatives | Check conflicts, costs, promotion, analyzable facts | Use/avoid verdict and safer default | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Product review workflow with distinct warnings. |
| Enterprising bargain hunt | "How would Graham find cheap stocks?" | Screens, financials, NCAV data, special situation facts, diversification plan | Search low expectations, verify asset backing, diversify | Research list and rejection rules | Yes | Yes | 4 | Yes | Distinct research workflow and reference needs. |
| User question type | Must run | Optional run |
|---|---|---|
| "Should I buy stock X?" | M1 -> M2 -> M3 | M4 if price moved sharply; M7 if user is enterprising |
| "Is this investment or speculation?" | M1 | M6 if promoted product, IPO, fund, or adviser |
| "Does this pass Graham's checklist?" | M2 | M3 |
| "What is a Graham buy price?" | M3 | M2 for defensive qualification |
| "The stock fell. Should I sell?" | M4 | M3 to recalculate margin of safety |
| "How should I allocate my portfolio?" | M5 | M6 for fund implementation |
| "Should I use this fund/adviser/IPO/SPAC/hot issue?" | M6 | M1 |
| "Find Graham-style bargains" | M7 | M3 for valuation discipline; M1 for classification |
## Graham Analysis — [Security / Decision]
**Question type:** [Buy / sell / allocation / fund / speculation / bargain search]
**Investor posture:** Defensive / Enterprising / Unknown
**Required modules used:** M[ ] ...
### 1. Investment vs. Speculation
- Classification:
- Reason:
- Boundary conditions:
- Citation:
### 2. Graham Tests Applied
- Defensive checklist result, margin of safety, market fluctuation diagnosis, allocation policy, or product review as routed.
### 3. Verdict
- Graham result: qualifies / watchlist / avoid / speculative only / hold / reduce / needs data
- Action discipline:
- Missing data:
### 4. Citations
- Closest Graham principle and quote link for each major conclusion.
| Subskill | Path | Status |
|---|---|---|
| M1 Investment vs Speculation | subskills/m1_investment_vs_speculation/ | Available |
| M2 Defensive Stock Screen | subskills/m2_defensive_stock_screen/ | Available |
| M3 Margin of Safety Pricing | subskills/m3_margin_of_safety_pricing/ | Available |
| M4 Market Fluctuation Response | subskills/m4_market_fluctuation_response/ | Available |
| M5 Portfolio Policy | subskills/m5_portfolio_policy/ | Available |
| M6 Fund Adviser IPO Review | subskills/m6_fund_adviser_ipo_review/ | Available |
| M7 Enterprising Bargain Hunt | subskills/m7_enterprising_bargain_hunt/ | Available |
Harness Engineering 第一阶段：扫描现有项目，生成 AGENTS.md（目录文件）和完整的 docs/ 知识库结构。 当用户想要"为项目添加 agent 支持"、"让 AI 更好地理解我的项目"、"开始 harness engineering"、 "创建 AGENTS.md"、"搭建 agent 文档结构"、"让 Claude Code 更好地工作"时，立即使用此 skill。 也适用于用户说"帮我把项目文档整理好给 agent 用"、"我想开始用 AI agent 开发"、 "梳理这个项目能解决什么业务问题"或要求建立 business-solution.md 等场景。
Harness Engineering 第一阶段第二步：深度分析项目代码，填充业务解决方案、架构、约定、技术决策和质量标准等 docs/ 知识库内容。 在 harness-step1-create-agents-md 创建好目录骨架之后使用。当用户说"填充文档内容"、 "完善 docs/ 文件"、"让文档有实质内容"、"分析项目写架构文档"、"写 ARCHITECTURE.md"、 "写技术决策文档"、"从业务视角理解项目"、"完善 business-solution.md"时，立即使用此 skill。 前置条件：项目中已有 AGENTS.md 和 docs/ 目录骨架（由 harness-step1 创建）。
Developer implementation guide for building hierarchical (folded) memory into an Agent. Three-layer architecture where recent turns stay detailed, older content compresses into episodes, and the oldest distills into durable semantic facts. Use when compact-memory-implementation is not retaining enough, or when agents need to recall decisions from many sessions ago.
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Define agent tools using the fail-closed design pattern — unified name/schema/security/execution in one class, with three-layer execution (validate → permission → call). Use this skill whenever the user wants to define a new agent tool, add permission or validation logic to an existing tool, or asks about 'build a tool', '定义一个工具', 'create a tool for X', '工具定义'. Framework-agnostic: works with hermes-agent, LangChain, or any Python agent framework.
Build LangChain (Python) tools using Claude Code's fail-closed design pattern — unified name/schema/security/execution in one class, with automatic three-layer execution (validate → permission → call). Use this skill whenever the user wants to define a new LangChain tool, add permission or validation logic to an existing tool, set up the ClaudeStyleTool base class in a project, or asks about "build_tool", "Claude Code style tool", "工具定义", or "langchain tool with permissions". Also trigger when the user says "create a tool for X" or "定义一个工具" in a LangChain Python project context, even without mentioning Claude Code explicitly.