// 适用于Android和Kotlin多平台项目的Clean Architecture模式——模块结构、依赖规则、用例、仓库以及数据层模式。
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| name | android-clean-architecture |
| description | 适用于Android和Kotlin多平台项目的Clean Architecture模式——模块结构、依赖规则、用例、仓库以及数据层模式。 |
| origin | ECC |
适用于 Android 和 KMP 项目的整洁架构模式。涵盖模块边界、依赖反转、UseCase/Repository 模式，以及使用 Room、SQLDelight 和 Ktor 的数据层设计。
project/
├── app/ # Android 入口点，DI 装配，Application 类
├── core/ # 共享工具类，基类，错误类型
├── domain/ # 用例，领域模型，仓库接口（纯 Kotlin）
├── data/ # 仓库实现，数据源，数据库，网络
├── presentation/ # 界面，ViewModel，UI 模型，导航
├── design-system/ # 可复用的 Compose 组件，主题，排版
└── feature/ # 功能模块（可选，用于大型项目）
├── auth/
├── settings/
└── profile/
app → presentation, domain, data, core
presentation → domain, design-system, core
data → domain, core
domain → core (或无依赖)
core → (无依赖)
关键：domain 绝不能依赖 data、presentation 或任何框架。它仅包含纯 Kotlin 代码。
每个 UseCase 代表一个业务操作。使用 operator fun invoke 以获得简洁的调用点：
class GetItemsByCategoryUseCase(
private val repository: ItemRepository
) {
suspend operator fun invoke(category: String): Result<List<Item>> {
return repository.getItemsByCategory(category)
}
}
// Flow-based UseCase for reactive streams
class ObserveUserProgressUseCase(
private val repository: UserRepository
) {
operator fun invoke(userId: String): Flow<UserProgress> {
return repository.observeProgress(userId)
}
}
领域模型是普通的 Kotlin 数据类——没有框架注解：
data class Item(
val id: String,
val title: String,
val description: String,
val tags: List<String>,
val status: Status,
val category: String
)
enum class Status { DRAFT, ACTIVE, ARCHIVED }
在领域层定义，在数据层实现：
interface ItemRepository {
suspend fun getItemsByCategory(category: String): Result<List<Item>>
suspend fun saveItem(item: Item): Result<Unit>
fun observeItems(): Flow<List<Item>>
}
协调本地和远程数据源：
class ItemRepositoryImpl(
private val localDataSource: ItemLocalDataSource,
private val remoteDataSource: ItemRemoteDataSource
) : ItemRepository {
override suspend fun getItemsByCategory(category: String): Result<List<Item>> {
return runCatching {
val remote = remoteDataSource.fetchItems(category)
localDataSource.insertItems(remote.map { it.toEntity() })
localDataSource.getItemsByCategory(category).map { it.toDomain() }
}
}
override suspend fun saveItem(item: Item): Result<Unit> {
return runCatching {
localDataSource.insertItems(listOf(item.toEntity()))
}
}
override fun observeItems(): Flow<List<Item>> {
return localDataSource.observeAll().map { entities ->
entities.map { it.toDomain() }
}
}
}
将映射器作为扩展函数放在数据模型附近：
// In data layer
fun ItemEntity.toDomain() = Item(
id = id,
title = title,
description = description,
tags = tags.split("|"),
status = Status.valueOf(status),
category = category
)
fun ItemDto.toEntity() = ItemEntity(
id = id,
title = title,
description = description,
tags = tags.joinToString("|"),
status = status,
category = category
)
@Entity(tableName = "items")
data class ItemEntity(
@PrimaryKey val id: String,
val title: String,
val description: String,
val tags: String,
val status: String,
val category: String
)
@Dao
interface ItemDao {
@Query("SELECT * FROM items WHERE category = :category")
suspend fun getByCategory(category: String): List<ItemEntity>
@Upsert
suspend fun upsert(items: List<ItemEntity>)
@Query("SELECT * FROM items")
fun observeAll(): Flow<List<ItemEntity>>
}
-- Item.sq
CREATE TABLE ItemEntity (
id TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
title TEXT NOT NULL,
description TEXT NOT NULL,
tags TEXT NOT NULL,
status TEXT NOT NULL,
category TEXT NOT NULL
);
getByCategory:
SELECT * FROM ItemEntity WHERE category = ?;
upsert:
INSERT OR REPLACE INTO ItemEntity (id, title, description, tags, status, category)
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?);
observeAll:
SELECT * FROM ItemEntity;
class ItemRemoteDataSource(private val client: HttpClient) {
suspend fun fetchItems(category: String): List<ItemDto> {
return client.get("api/items") {
parameter("category", category)
}.body()
}
}
// HttpClient setup with content negotiation
val httpClient = HttpClient {
install(ContentNegotiation) { json(Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }) }
install(Logging) { level = LogLevel.HEADERS }
defaultRequest { url("https://api.example.com/") }
}
// Domain module
val domainModule = module {
factory { GetItemsByCategoryUseCase(get()) }
factory { ObserveUserProgressUseCase(get()) }
}
// Data module
val dataModule = module {
single<ItemRepository> { ItemRepositoryImpl(get(), get()) }
single { ItemLocalDataSource(get()) }
single { ItemRemoteDataSource(get()) }
}
// Presentation module
val presentationModule = module {
viewModelOf(::ItemListViewModel)
viewModelOf(::DashboardViewModel)
}
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
abstract class RepositoryModule {
@Binds
abstract fun bindItemRepository(impl: ItemRepositoryImpl): ItemRepository
}
@HiltViewModel
class ItemListViewModel @Inject constructor(
private val getItems: GetItemsByCategoryUseCase
) : ViewModel()
使用 Result<T> 或自定义密封类型进行错误传播：
sealed interface Try<out T> {
data class Success<T>(val value: T) : Try<T>
data class Failure(val error: AppError) : Try<Nothing>
}
sealed interface AppError {
data class Network(val message: String) : AppError
data class Database(val message: String) : AppError
data object Unauthorized : AppError
}
// In ViewModel — map to UI state
viewModelScope.launch {
when (val result = getItems(category)) {
is Try.Success -> _state.update { it.copy(items = result.value, isLoading = false) }
is Try.Failure -> _state.update { it.copy(error = result.error.toMessage(), isLoading = false) }
}
}
对于 KMP 项目，使用约定插件以减少构建文件重复：
// build-logic/src/main/kotlin/kmp-library.gradle.kts
plugins {
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.multiplatform")
}
kotlin {
androidTarget()
iosX64(); iosArm64(); iosSimulatorArm64()
sourceSets {
commonMain.dependencies { /* shared deps */ }
commonTest.dependencies { implementation(kotlin("test")) }
}
}
在模块中应用：
// domain/build.gradle.kts
plugins { id("kmp-library") }
domain 中导入 Android 框架类——保持其为纯 KotlinGlobalScope 或非结构化协程——使用 viewModelScope 或结构化并发查看技能：compose-multiplatform-patterns 了解 UI 模式。
查看技能：kotlin-coroutines-flows 了解异步模式。