| name | company-investment-research |
| description | Structured, multi-dimensional company investment research framework for AI agents and human analysts. Provides a 10-part checklist (moat, tech, market, customers, growth, financials, geography, governance, valuation, recommendation) to turn scattered info into a consistent, high-quality investment memo. | 面向 AI Agent 与人工分析师的公司投研框架，用 10 大维度系统梳理商业模式、护城河、成长与估值，快速产出结构化投研报告。 |
Company Investment Research / 公司投资研究框架
This skill provides a systematic framework for conducting comprehensive investment research and due diligence on companies. It structures analysis across 10 critical dimensions to support informed investment decisions.
本技能为公司基本面研究提供一套结构化投研框架，覆盖 10 个关键维度，帮助你从零开始梳理一家公司的商业模式、竞争力、增长与估值，并最终形成一份有逻辑的投资结论。
When to Use / 适用场景
Use this skill when you need to:
- Evaluate a company as a potential investment (public or late-stage private)
- Understand a company's competitive advantages and moat vs peers
- Produce a structured investment memo instead of scattered notes
- Compare two or more companies in the same sector on a consistent framework
适合在以下场景使用：
- 对某家公司做系统性投研/估值评估（上市公司或准上市公司）
- 想明白它相对于同行的护城河与竞争地位
- 需要输出一份结构清晰的投研报告/投资备忘录
- 在同一行业内对比多家公司，希望有统一的分析模板
Quick Usage Examples / 快速使用示例
1. Single-company deep dive / 单公司深度研究
"Analyze NVIDIA (NVDA) as an investment using the company-investment-research framework. Follow all 10 dimensions and end with a clear BUY/HOLD/SELL view, including key risks."
「请基于 company-investment-research 投研框架，系统分析英伟达（NVIDIA, NVDA）的投资价值，按 10 个维度展开，最后给出 BUY/HOLD/SELL 判断，并列出关键风险。」
2. Compare two companies in the same sector / 同行业公司对比
"Using the company-investment-research skill, compare NVIDIA vs AMD as AI infrastructure investments. Highlight differences in moat, growth drivers, and valuation, then state which one looks more attractive on a 3–5 year horizon and why."
「使用该投研框架对比分析 NVIDIA 与 AMD 作为 AI 基础设施投资标的的优劣，从护城河、成长驱动、估值三方面重点展开，并给出未来 3–5 年哪个更具吸引力及原因。」
3. Rapid pre-screening / 快速预筛选
"Run a lightweight version of the company-investment-research framework on Snowflake. Focus on competitive positioning, growth drivers, and valuation to decide whether it deserves full deep-dive research."
「对 Snowflake 做一版简化版投研：重点看竞争地位、成长驱动和估值，判断是否值得投入时间做完整深度研究。」
4. Memo generation for internal discussion / 生成内部讨论用 Memo
"Create a 2–3 page investment memo for Tesla using the company-investment-research structure. The target audience is an investment committee; keep language concise but include key numbers and scenarios (base/bull/bear)."
「按照本框架，为特斯拉生成一份 2–3 页的投资备忘录，供投委会讨论使用：语言简洁，但需包含核心数据与基础/乐观/悲观三种情景。」
Industry Templates / 行业模板示例
Below are add-on checklists for specific industries. Use them on top of the 10 core dimensions.
下面是针对特定行业的额外检查项，在 10 大通用维度基础上叠加使用即可。
A. Internet Platforms (Consumer Internet) / 互联网平台
Typical businesses / 典型业务： 内容平台、电商、社交、短视频、本地生活等。
Extra focus areas / 额外关注点：
Additional questions / 可直接提问的附加问题：
- What are the key user cohorts and how do their retention/ARPU differ?
- How does the company balance growth vs profitability (e.g., marketing spend intensity)?
- What regulatory risks exist around data privacy, content moderation, or platform power?
Prompt 示例：
「针对某互联网平台公司，在 10 大维度基础上，额外重点分析用户增长 & 留存、变现模式与单位经济模型，并结合监管风险给出中长期盈利能力判断。」
B. Semiconductors / 半导体
Typical businesses / 典型业务： GPU/CPU/ASIC 设计、晶圆制造（Foundry）、封装测试、设备与材料等。
Extra focus areas / 额外关注点：
-
Position in the value chain / 产业链位置
- Fabless（无晶圆设计）、IDM、一体化厂商、Foundry（代工）、OSAT（封测）、设备/材料
- 上游/下游依赖关系
-
Technology node & roadmap / 工艺节点与技术路线
- 制程节点（3nm/5nm/7nm/成熟制程）
- 关键产品的性能/功耗/成本相对优势
- 与主要代工厂（如 TSMC/Samsung）的绑定深度与议价力
-
End markets & demand drivers / 下游应用与需求驱动
- 智能手机、PC、数据中心、汽车电子、工业、IoT 等占比
- 周期性 vs 结构性需求（如 AI、汽车电子的渗透提升）
-
Capacity & supply constraints / 产能与供给约束
- 产能利用率、扩产/资本开支计划
- 上游瓶颈（设备交付、材料供应）
Additional questions / 可直接提问的附加问题：
- Which part of the semiconductor value chain does the company dominate, and how cyclical is that segment?
- How exposed is the company to AI, automotive, or other structural growth drivers?
- What are the key supply chain/geopolitical risks (export controls, tariffs, onshoring)?
Prompt 示例：
「针对某半导体公司，在 10 大维度基础上，重点补充其在产业链中的位置、主要下游应用结构、工艺/产品路线图以及 AI/汽车电子等结构性需求的暴露度，并评估地缘政治对其业务的潜在影响。」
C. Chain Coffee & Food Service / 连锁咖啡与餐饮服务
Typical businesses / 典型业务： 连锁咖啡品牌、连锁茶饮、快餐/休闲餐厅品牌等。
Extra focus areas / 额外关注点：
-
Store economics / 单店模型
- 单店投资额、回本周期
- 单店收入结构（堂食/外卖/零售）、毛利率
- 不同城市/商圈/模型（街边店、商场店、写字楼店）的差异
-
Same-store sales & expansion / 同店增长与扩店节奏
- 同店销售增长（SSS）走势
- 开店与关店节奏，新店 vs 老店贡献
- 是否存在“激进开店 → 同店下滑 → 关店潮”的风险
-
Brand & customer perception / 品牌力与消费者心智
- 品牌定位（高端 / 大众 / 性价比）
- 核心产品力（咖啡/饮品/食品）与价格带
- 用户复购率、会员体系、社交媒体口碑
-
Supply chain & cost structure / 供应链与成本结构
- 原材料成本（咖啡豆、乳制品、辅料）、人工、租金占比
- 集中采购与议价能力
- 食品安全与供应链稳定性
Additional questions / 可直接提问的附加问题：
- What does a typical store P&L look like (revenue, gross margin, fixed costs)?
- How sustainable is the pace of new store openings without diluting unit economics?
- How sensitive is the business to macro factors (consumer confidence, rent, raw material prices)?
Prompt 示例：
「针对某连锁咖啡品牌，在 10 大通用维度基础上，重点拆解单店经济模型（投资额、回本周期、毛利结构）、同店增长与扩店策略、品牌定位与复购率，并评估在不同经济周期下的抗压能力。」
Research Framework / 研究框架
When analyzing a company for investment, follow this structured approach to ensure comprehensive coverage:
在分析一家公司时，建议按以下 10 个维度逐一梳理，避免遗漏关键点：
1. Competitive Positioning Analysis / 竞争优势与护城河
Core Questions:
- What are the company's core competitive advantages compared to rivals?
- What is the company's economic moat? (network effects, switching costs, cost advantages, intangible assets, scale)
- How sustainable and defensible is this moat?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] competitive advantages moat"
- Search for "[Company] vs [Top Competitor] comparison"
- Look for industry analyst reports on competitive landscape
Analysis Approach:
- Identify unique value propositions
- Evaluate barriers to entry
- Assess competitive intensity using Porter's Five Forces framework
- Determine moat width (narrow/wide) and durability (temporary/enduring)
2. Technology & Innovation Assessment / 技术与研发能力
Core Questions:
- How large is the technology/R&D team?
- How many patents does the company hold? Any key patents?
- What is the R&D expense ratio (R&D/Revenue)?
- What are the core technological advantages?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] R&D spending annual report"
- Search for "[Company] patents technology"
- Search for "[Company] innovation pipeline"
- Check company's latest 10-K/annual report for R&D headcount
Key Metrics:
- R&D headcount and growth trend
- Patent portfolio size and quality
- R&D intensity (industry benchmark comparison)
- Technology leadership indicators
3. Market Position & Competition / 市场份额与竞争格局
Core Questions:
- What is the market share in primary markets?
- What is the industry ranking (top 3, top 5, etc.)?
- Who are the main competitors?
- How is market share trending?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Industry] market share [Year]"
- Search for "[Company] market position ranking"
- Search for "[Company] competitors landscape"
Analysis Framework:
- Market share % and rank
- Competitive landscape mapping
- Market concentration (HHI index if available)
- Competitive dynamics and threats
4. Customer Analysis / 客户结构与集中度
Core Questions:
- Who are the largest customers?
- What is customer concentration (top 5/10 customers as % of revenue)?
- What is customer diversification across industries/geographies?
- What is customer retention rate?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] major customers annual report"
- Search for "[Company] customer concentration risk"
- Review 10-K risk factors section
Risk Assessment:
- High concentration (>20% from single customer) = significant risk
- Diversified customer base = lower risk
- Long-term contracts and relationships = positive indicator
5. Growth Trajectory & New Opportunities / 成长路径与新机会
Core Questions:
- What is the current growth profile?
- What are new growth drivers/initiatives?
- Are there new markets, products, or business lines emerging?
- What is total addressable market (TAM) expansion potential?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] growth strategy new products"
- Search for "[Company] expansion plans"
- Search for "[Company] TAM total addressable market"
Evaluation Criteria:
- Organic vs. inorganic growth
- New product/service pipeline
- Market expansion opportunities (geographic, vertical)
- Scalability of growth drivers
6. Historical & Projected Financials / 历史与预测财务
Core Questions:
- Revenue and profit growth over past 5 years (CAGR)
- What drives the historical growth?
- Consensus forecast for next 2-5 years?
- Key assumptions underlying projections?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] revenue profit historical data"
- Search for "[Company] analyst estimates forecast"
- Access latest earnings transcripts and guidance
Analysis Components:
- Calculate 5-year revenue CAGR
- Calculate 5-year profit (net income/EBITDA) CAGR
- Analyze margin trends
- Review consensus estimates and evaluate reasonableness
- Create base/bull/bear case scenarios
7. International Exposure / 海外业务与地缘风险
Core Questions:
- What percentage of revenue comes from overseas?
- Which countries/regions are primary international markets?
- What are international growth trends?
- What are geopolitical or currency risks?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] geographic revenue breakdown"
- Search for "[Company] international expansion"
- Review segment reporting in annual reports
Key Considerations:
- Revenue by geography (domestic vs. international split)
- Exposure to high-growth emerging markets
- Currency hedging strategies
- Regulatory and geopolitical risks
8. Ownership & Governance / 股权结构与公司治理
Core Questions:
- Who is the founder/CEO? What is their background?
- What is the ownership structure (founder/management/institutional/public)?
- Are there any significant insider transactions?
- What is the board composition and quality?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] founder CEO background"
- Search for "[Company] ownership structure institutional holders"
- Search for "[Company] insider transactions recent"
Governance Assessment:
- Founder/management ownership alignment
- Track record of leadership team
- Board independence and expertise
- Corporate governance ratings
9. Valuation Analysis / 估值分析
Core Questions:
- Current market capitalization?
- Current P/E ratio and comparison to historical averages?
- How does valuation compare to peers?
- Is the stock trading within a margin of safety?
- What is the projected market cap in 2 years based on growth assumptions?
Search Strategy:
- Search for "[Company] stock price market cap"
- Search for "[Company] PE ratio valuation multiples"
- Search for "[Industry] average PE ratio"
Valuation Framework:
- Current market cap
- P/E, P/S, P/B, EV/EBITDA multiples
- Compare to 5-year historical average
- Compare to peer group median
- Calculate intrinsic value range (DCF if appropriate)
- Determine margin of safety (typically seek 20-30% discount)
- Project forward market cap using growth and multiple assumptions
10. Investment Recommendation / 投资结论
Synthesize all analysis into clear recommendation:
If Investment is Recommended:
- Primary thesis (2-3 key reasons)
- Supporting evidence from analysis above
- Expected return and timeframe
- Key risks and mitigation factors
- Position sizing recommendation
If Investment is NOT Recommended:
- Primary concerns (2-3 key reasons)
- Supporting evidence from analysis
- What would need to change for positive view
- Alternative opportunities in the sector
Output Structure / 推荐输出结构
Present findings in a clear, structured format:
# Investment Analysis: [Company Name]
**Date:** [Current Date]
**Analyst:** [Your Name or Agent]
## Executive Summary
[2-3 paragraph overview with key takeaway and recommendation]
## 1. Competitive Positioning
[Findings]
## 2. Technology & Innovation
[Findings]
## 3. Market Position
[Findings]
## 4. Customer Base
[Findings]
## 5. Growth Analysis
[Findings]
## 6. Financial Performance
[Findings]
## 7. International Exposure
[Findings]
## 8. Ownership & Governance
[Findings]
## 9. Valuation
[Findings]
## 10. Investment Recommendation
**Recommendation:** BUY / HOLD / SELL
**Target Price:** [If applicable]
**Investment Thesis:** [Key reasons]
**Key Risks:** [Main concerns]
建议在实际使用中，将上述结构作为 Markdown 模板，一边研究一边填空，最终沉淀为可复用的投研文档库。
Research Best Practices / 研究最佳实践
-
Use Multiple Sources / 多源交叉验证
Cross-reference information from company filings, analyst reports, news, and financial databases.
-
Verify Timeliness / 确保数据新鲜度
Always check dates on data – use the most recent available information.
-
Quantify When Possible / 尽量量化
Provide specific numbers, percentages, and metrics rather than only qualitative descriptions.
-
Acknowledge Limitations / 明确假设与局限
Note when information is unavailable or when making assumptions.
-
Maintain Objectivity / 保持客观
Present both bullish and bearish perspectives; avoid confirmation bias.
-
Source Attribution / 标注关键来源
Cite sources for key data points, especially financial figures.
Integrations: Fetching Filings & Financial Data / 集成：自动拉取财报与数据
This skill focuses on how to think and structure research. For data and filings, pair it with external tools/APIs.
本技能侧重于思考框架与结构化输出，财报与数据建议通过其他工具或脚本获取，然后作为本框架的输入。
Example: US-listed companies (e.g., SEC + financial APIs)
示例以美股为主（可按同样思路换成 A 股/港股对应数据源）：
-
Download latest 10-K / 10-Q filings
Use any SEC helper tool or script, for example:
sec-edgar-downloader company "NVIDIA" \
--form-type 10-K --num 1 --download-folder ./filings
-
Fetch key financials via an API or Python script
For example, a simple Python entry point:
python scripts/fetch_financials.py --ticker NVDA --out data/nvda.json
The script can query any financial data provider (Yahoo Finance, financial APIs, etc.) and standardize
outputs (revenue, margins, key ratios) for later use in this framework.
-
Use web_fetch for qualitative sections
For business descriptions, risk factors, and management discussion, you can:
1. Download the filing (PDF/HTML)
2. Use web_fetch to extract key sections into markdown
3. Feed those into the 10-dimension analysis
推荐实践：将「数据抓取脚本 + 本投研框架」放在同一项目中，通过 Makefile 或 shell 脚本串联，形成一键跑通的投研流水线（先拉数据，再生成报告草稿）。
Tool Usage Hints / 工具使用提示
- web_search: Primary tool for gathering company information, financial data, and market intelligence.
- web_fetch: Retrieve full annual reports, investor presentations, and detailed articles for deeper reading.
- Use this skill mainly as a thinking & structuring framework – pair it with data sources (e.g., financial APIs, filings) for best results.
