gh-cli

name	gh-cli
description	GitHub CLI (gh) comprehensive reference for repositories, issues, pull requests, Actions, projects, releases, gists, codespaces, organizations, extensions, and all GitHub operations from the command line.

GitHub CLI (gh)

Comprehensive reference for GitHub CLI (gh) - work seamlessly with GitHub from the command line.

Version: 2.85.0 (current as of January 2026)

Prerequisites

Installation

# macOS
brew install gh

# Linux
curl -fsSL https://cli.github.com/packages/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg | sudo dd of=/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg] https://cli.github.com/packages stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/github-cli.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update
sudo apt install gh

# Windows
winget install --id GitHub.cli

# Verify installation
gh --version

Authentication

# Interactive login (default: github.com)
gh auth login

# Login with specific hostname
gh auth login --hostname enterprise.internal

# Login with token
gh auth login --with-token < mytoken.txt

# Check authentication status
gh auth status

# Switch accounts
gh auth switch --hostname github.com --user username

# Logout
gh auth logout --hostname github.com --user username

Setup Git Integration

# Configure git to use gh as credential helper
gh auth setup-git

# View active token
gh auth token

# Refresh authentication scopes
gh auth refresh --scopes write:org,read:public_key

CLI Structure

gh                          # Root command
├── auth                    # Authentication
│   ├── login
│   ├── logout
│   ├── refresh
│   ├── setup-git
│   ├── status
│   ├── switch
│   └── token
├── browse                  # Open in browser
├── codespace               # GitHub Codespaces
│   ├── code
│   ├── cp
│   ├── create
│   ├── delete
│   ├── edit
│   ├── jupyter
│   ├── list
│   ├── logs
│   ├── ports
│   ├── rebuild
│   ├── ssh
│   ├── stop
│   └── view
├── gist                    # Gists
│   ├── clone
│   ├── create
│   ├── delete
│   ├── edit
│   ├── list
│   ├── rename
│   └── view
├── issue                   # Issues
│   ├── create
│   ├── list
│   ├── status
│   ├── close
│   ├── comment
│   ├── delete
│   ├── develop
│   ├── edit
│   ├── lock
│   ├── pin
│   ├── reopen
│   ├── transfer
│   ├── unlock
│   └── view
├── org                     # Organizations
│   └── list
├── pr                      # Pull Requests
│   ├── create
│   ├── list
│   ├── status
│   ├── checkout
│   ├── checks
│   ├── close
│   ├── comment
│   ├── diff
│   ├── edit
│   ├── lock
│   ├── merge
│   ├── ready
│   ├── reopen
│   ├── revert
│   ├── review
│   ├── unlock
│   ├── update-branch
│   └── view
├── project                 # Projects
│   ├── close
│   ├── copy
│   ├── create
│   ├── delete
│   ├── edit
│   ├── field-create
│   ├── field-delete
│   ├── field-list
│   ├── item-add
│   ├── item-archive
│   ├── item-create
│   ├── item-delete
│   ├── item-edit
│   ├── item-list
│   ├── link
│   ├── list
│   ├── mark-template
│   ├── unlink
│   └── view
├── release                 # Releases
│   ├── create
│   ├── list
│   ├── delete
│   ├── delete-asset
│   ├── download
│   ├── edit
│   ├── upload
│   ├── verify
│   ├── verify-asset
│   └── view
├── repo                    # Repositories
│   ├── create
│   ├── list
│   ├── archive
│   ├── autolink
│   ├── clone
│   ├── delete
│   ├── deploy-key
│   ├── edit
│   ├── fork
│   ├── gitignore
│   ├── license
│   ├── rename
│   ├── set-default
│   ├── sync
│   ├── unarchive
│   └── view
├── cache                   # Actions caches
│   ├── delete
│   └── list
├── run                     # Workflow runs
│   ├── cancel
│   ├── delete
│   ├── download
│   ├── list
│   ├── rerun
│   ├── view
│   └── watch
├── workflow                # Workflows
│   ├── disable
│   ├── enable
│   ├── list
│   ├── run
│   └── view
├── agent-task              # Agent tasks
├── alias                   # Command aliases
│   ├── delete
│   ├── import
│   ├── list
│   └── set
├── api                     # API requests
├── attestation             # Artifact attestations
│   ├── download
│   ├── trusted-root
│   └── verify
├── completion              # Shell completion
├── config                  # Configuration
│   ├── clear-cache
│   ├── get
│   ├── list
│   └── set
├── extension               # Extensions
│   ├── browse
│   ├── create
│   ├── exec
│   ├── install
│   ├── list
│   ├── remove
│   ├── search
│   └── upgrade
├── gpg-key                 # GPG keys
│   ├── add
│   ├── delete
│   └── list
├── label                   # Labels
│   ├── clone
│   ├── create
│   ├── delete
│   ├── edit
│   └── list
├── preview                 # Preview features
├── ruleset                 # Rulesets
│   ├── check
│   ├── list
│   └── view
├── search                  # Search
│   ├── code
│   ├── commits
│   ├── issues
│   ├── prs
│   └── repos
├── secret                  # Secrets
│   ├── delete
│   ├── list
│   └── set
├── ssh-key                 # SSH keys
│   ├── add
│   ├── delete
│   └── list
├── status                  # Status overview
└── variable                # Variables
    ├── delete
    ├── get
    ├── list
    └── set

Configuration

Global Configuration

# List all configuration
gh config list

# Get specific configuration value
gh config list git_protocol
gh config get editor

# Set configuration value
gh config set editor vim
gh config set git_protocol ssh
gh config set prompt disabled
gh config set pager "less -R"

# Clear configuration cache
gh config clear-cache

Environment Variables

# GitHub token (for automation)
export GH_TOKEN=<YOUR_GITHUB_TOKEN>  # 請替換為你的實際 token，切勿提交到版控

# GitHub hostname
export GH_HOST=github.com

# Disable prompts
export GH_PROMPT_DISABLED=true

# Custom editor
export GH_EDITOR=vim

# Custom pager
export GH_PAGER=less

# HTTP timeout
export GH_TIMEOUT=30

# Custom repository (override default)
export GH_REPO=owner/repo

# Custom git protocol
export GH_ENTERPRISE_HOSTNAME=hostname

Authentication (gh auth)

Login

# Interactive login
gh auth login

# Web-based authentication
gh auth login --web

# With clipboard for OAuth code
gh auth login --web --clipboard

# With specific git protocol
gh auth login --git-protocol ssh

# With custom hostname (GitHub Enterprise)
gh auth login --hostname enterprise.internal

# Login with token from stdin
gh auth login --with-token < token.txt

# Insecure storage (plain text)
gh auth login --insecure-storage

Status

# Show all authentication status
gh auth status

# Show active account only
gh auth status --active

# Show specific hostname
gh auth status --hostname github.com

# Show token in output
gh auth status --show-token

# JSON output
gh auth status --json hosts

# Filter with jq
gh auth status --json hosts --jq '.hosts | add'

Switch Accounts

# Interactive switch
gh auth switch

# Switch to specific user/host
gh auth switch --hostname github.com --user monalisa

Token

# Print authentication token
gh auth token

# Token for specific host/user
gh auth token --hostname github.com --user monalisa

Refresh

# Refresh credentials
gh auth refresh

# Add scopes
gh auth refresh --scopes write:org,read:public_key

# Remove scopes
gh auth refresh --remove-scopes delete_repo

# Reset to default scopes
gh auth refresh --reset-scopes

# With clipboard
gh auth refresh --clipboard

Setup Git

# Setup git credential helper
gh auth setup-git

# Setup for specific host
gh auth setup-git --hostname enterprise.internal

# Force setup even if host not known
gh auth setup-git --hostname enterprise.internal --force

Browse (gh browse)

# Open repository in browser
gh browse

# Open specific path
gh browse script/
gh browse main.go:312

# Open issue or PR
gh browse 123

# Open commit
gh browse 77507cd94ccafcf568f8560cfecde965fcfa63

# Open with specific branch
gh browse main.go --branch bug-fix

# Open different repository
gh browse --repo owner/repo

# Open specific pages
gh browse --actions       # Actions tab
gh browse --projects      # Projects tab
gh browse --releases      # Releases tab
gh browse --settings      # Settings page
gh browse --wiki          # Wiki page

# Print URL instead of opening
gh browse --no-browser

Repositories (gh repo)

Create Repository

# Create new repository
gh repo create my-repo

# Create with description
gh repo create my-repo --description "My awesome project"

# Create public repository
gh repo create my-repo --public

# Create private repository
gh repo create my-repo --private

# Create with homepage
gh repo create my-repo --homepage https://example.com

# Create with license
gh repo create my-repo --license mit

# Create with gitignore
gh repo create my-repo --gitignore python

# Initialize as template repository
gh repo create my-repo --template

# Create repository in organization
gh repo create org/my-repo

# Create without cloning locally
gh repo create my-repo --source=.

# Disable issues
gh repo create my-repo --disable-issues

# Disable wiki
gh repo create my-repo --disable-wiki

Clone Repository

# Clone repository
gh repo clone owner/repo

# Clone to specific directory
gh repo clone owner/repo my-directory

# Clone with different branch
gh repo clone owner/repo --branch develop

List Repositories

# List all repositories
gh repo list

# List repositories for owner
gh repo list owner

# Limit results
gh repo list --limit 50

# Public repositories only
gh repo list --public

# Source repositories only (not forks)
gh repo list --source

# JSON output
gh repo list --json name,visibility,owner

# Table output
gh repo list --limit 100 | tail -n +2

# Filter with jq
gh repo list --json name --jq '.[].name'

View Repository

# View repository details
gh repo view

# View specific repository
gh repo view owner/repo

# JSON output
gh repo view --json name,description,defaultBranchRef

# View in browser
gh repo view --web

Edit Repository

# Edit description
gh repo edit --description "New description"

# Set homepage
gh repo edit --homepage https://example.com

# Change visibility
gh repo edit --visibility private
gh repo edit --visibility public

# Enable/disable features
gh repo edit --enable-issues
gh repo edit --disable-issues
gh repo edit --enable-wiki
gh repo edit --disable-wiki
gh repo edit --enable-projects
gh repo edit --disable-projects

# Set default branch
gh repo edit --default-branch main

# Rename repository
gh repo rename new-name

# Archive repository
gh repo archive
gh repo unarchive

Delete Repository

# Delete repository
gh repo delete owner/repo

# Confirm without prompt
gh repo delete owner/repo --yes

Fork Repository

# Fork repository
gh repo fork owner/repo

# Fork to organization
gh repo fork owner/repo --org org-name

# Clone after forking
gh repo fork owner/repo --clone

# Remote name for fork
gh repo fork owner/repo --remote-name upstream

Sync Fork

# Sync fork with upstream
gh repo sync

# Sync specific branch
gh repo sync --branch feature

# Force sync
gh repo sync --force

Set Default Repository

# Set default repository for current directory
gh repo set-default

# Set default explicitly
gh repo set-default owner/repo

# Unset default
gh repo set-default --unset

Repository Autolinks

# List autolinks
gh repo autolink list

# Add autolink
gh repo autolink add \
  --key-prefix JIRA- \
  --url-template https://jira.example.com/browse/<num>

# Delete autolink
gh repo autolink delete 12345

Repository Deploy Keys

# List deploy keys
gh repo deploy-key list

# Add deploy key
gh repo deploy-key add ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub \
  --title "Production server" \
  --read-only

# Delete deploy key
gh repo deploy-key delete 12345

Gitignore and License

# View gitignore template
gh repo gitignore

# View license template
gh repo license mit

# License with full name
gh repo license mit --fullname "John Doe"

Issues (gh issue)

Create Issue

# Create issue interactively
gh issue create

# Create with title
gh issue create --title "Bug: Login not working"

# Create with title and body
gh issue create \
  --title "Bug: Login not working" \
  --body "Steps to reproduce..."

# Create with body from file
gh issue create --body-file issue.md

# Create with labels
gh issue create --title "Fix bug" --labels bug,high-priority

# Create with assignees
gh issue create --title "Fix bug" --assignee user1,user2

# Create in specific repository
gh issue create --repo owner/repo --title "Issue title"

# Create issue from web
gh issue create --web

List Issues

# List all open issues
gh issue list

# List all issues (including closed)
gh issue list --state all

# List closed issues
gh issue list --state closed

# Limit results
gh issue list --limit 50

# Filter by assignee
gh issue list --assignee username
gh issue list --assignee @me

# Filter by labels
gh issue list --labels bug,enhancement

# Filter by milestone
gh issue list --milestone "v1.0"

# Search/filter
gh issue list --search "is:open is:issue label:bug"

# JSON output
gh issue list --json number,title,state,author

# Table view
gh issue list --json number,title,labels --jq '.[] | [.number, .title, .labels[].name] | @tsv'

# Show comments count
gh issue list --json number,title,comments --jq '.[] | [.number, .title, .comments]'

# Sort by
gh issue list --sort created --order desc

View Issue

# View issue
gh issue view 123

# View with comments
gh issue view 123 --comments

# View in browser
gh issue view 123 --web

# JSON output
gh issue view 123 --json title,body,state,labels,comments

# View specific fields
gh issue view 123 --json title --jq '.title'

Edit Issue

# Edit interactively
gh issue edit 123

# Edit title
gh issue edit 123 --title "New title"

# Edit body
gh issue edit 123 --body "New description"

# Add labels
gh issue edit 123 --add-label bug,high-priority

# Remove labels
gh issue edit 123 --remove-label stale

# Add assignees
gh issue edit 123 --add-assignee user1,user2

# Remove assignees
gh issue edit 123 --remove-assignee user1

# Set milestone
gh issue edit 123 --milestone "v1.0"

Close/Reopen Issue

# Close issue
gh issue close 123

# Close with comment
gh issue close 123 --comment "Fixed in PR #456"

# Reopen issue
gh issue reopen 123

Comment on Issue

# Add comment
gh issue comment 123 --body "This looks good!"

# Edit comment
gh issue comment 123 --edit 456789 --body "Updated comment"

# Delete comment
gh issue comment 123 --delete 456789

Issue Status

# Show issue status summary
gh issue status

# Status for specific repository
gh issue status --repo owner/repo

Pin/Unpin Issues

# Pin issue (pinned to repo dashboard)
gh issue pin 123

# Unpin issue
gh issue unpin 123

Lock/Unlock Issue

# Lock conversation
gh issue lock 123

# Lock with reason
gh issue lock 123 --reason off-topic

# Unlock
gh issue unlock 123

Transfer Issue

# Transfer to another repository
gh issue transfer 123 --repo owner/new-repo

Delete Issue

# Delete issue
gh issue delete 123

# Confirm without prompt
gh issue delete 123 --yes

Develop Issue (Draft PR)

# Create draft PR from issue
gh issue develop 123

# Create in specific branch
gh issue develop 123 --branch fix/issue-123

# Create with base branch
gh issue develop 123 --base main

Pull Requests (gh pr)

Create Pull Request

# Create PR interactively
gh pr create

# Create with title
gh pr create --title "Feature: Add new functionality"

# Create with title and body
gh pr create \
  --title "Feature: Add new functionality" \
  --body "This PR adds..."

# Fill body from template
gh pr create --body-file .github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

# Set base branch
gh pr create --base main

# Set head branch (default: current branch)
gh pr create --head feature-branch

# Create draft PR
gh pr create --draft

# Add assignees
gh pr create --assignee user1,user2

# Add reviewers
gh pr create --reviewer user1,user2

# Add labels
gh pr create --labels enhancement,feature

# Link to issue
gh pr create --issue 123

# Create in specific repository
gh pr create --repo owner/repo

# Open in browser after creation
gh pr create --web

List Pull Requests

# List open PRs
gh pr list

# List all PRs
gh pr list --state all

# List merged PRs
gh pr list --state merged

# List closed (not merged) PRs
gh pr list --state closed

# Filter by head branch
gh pr list --head feature-branch

# Filter by base branch
gh pr list --base main

# Filter by author
gh pr list --author username
gh pr list --author @me

# Filter by assignee
gh pr list --assignee username

# Filter by labels
gh pr list --labels bug,enhancement

# Limit results
gh pr list --limit 50

# Search
gh pr list --search "is:open is:pr label:review-required"

# JSON output
gh pr list --json number,title,state,author,headRefName

# Show check status
gh pr list --json number,title,statusCheckRollup --jq '.[] | [.number, .title, .statusCheckRollup[]?.status]'

# Sort by
gh pr list --sort created --order desc

View Pull Request

# View PR
gh pr view 123

# View with comments
gh pr view 123 --comments

# View in browser
gh pr view 123 --web

# JSON output
gh pr view 123 --json title,body,state,author,commits,files

# View diff
gh pr view 123 --json files --jq '.files[].path'

# View with jq query
gh pr view 123 --json title,state --jq '"\(.title): \(.state)"'

Checkout Pull Request

# Checkout PR branch
gh pr checkout 123

# Checkout with specific branch name
gh pr checkout 123 --branch name-123

# Force checkout
gh pr checkout 123 --force

Diff Pull Request

# View PR diff
gh pr diff 123

# View diff with color
gh pr diff 123 --color always

# Output to file
gh pr diff 123 > pr-123.patch

# View diff of specific files
gh pr diff 123 --name-only

Merge Pull Request

# Merge PR
gh pr merge 123

# Merge with specific method
gh pr merge 123 --merge
gh pr merge 123 --squash
gh pr merge 123 --rebase

# Delete branch after merge
gh pr merge 123 --delete-branch

# Merge with comment
gh pr merge 123 --subject "Merge PR #123" --body "Merging feature"

# Merge draft PR
gh pr merge 123 --admin

# Force merge (skip checks)
gh pr merge 123 --admin

Close Pull Request

# Close PR (as draft, not merge)
gh pr close 123

# Close with comment
gh pr close 123 --comment "Closing due to..."

Reopen Pull Request

# Reopen closed PR
gh pr reopen 123

Edit Pull Request

# Edit interactively
gh pr edit 123

# Edit title
gh pr edit 123 --title "New title"

# Edit body
gh pr edit 123 --body "New description"

# Add labels
gh pr edit 123 --add-label bug,enhancement

# Remove labels
gh pr edit 123 --remove-label stale

# Add assignees
gh pr edit 123 --add-assignee user1,user2

# Remove assignees
gh pr edit 123 --remove-assignee user1

# Add reviewers
gh pr edit 123 --add-reviewer user1,user2

# Remove reviewers
gh pr edit 123 --remove-reviewer user1

# Mark as ready for review
gh pr edit 123 --ready

Ready for Review

# Mark draft PR as ready
gh pr ready 123

Pull Request Checks

# View PR checks
gh pr checks 123

# Watch checks in real-time
gh pr checks 123 --watch

# Watch interval (seconds)
gh pr checks 123 --watch --interval 5

Comment on Pull Request

# Add comment
gh pr comment 123 --body "Looks good!"

# Comment on specific line
gh pr comment 123 --body "Fix this" \
  --repo owner/repo \
  --head-owner owner --head-branch feature

# Edit comment
gh pr comment 123 --edit 456789 --body "Updated"

# Delete comment
gh pr comment 123 --delete 456789

Review Pull Request

# Review PR (opens editor)
gh pr review 123

# Approve PR
gh pr review 123 --approve

--approve-body "LGTM!"

# Request changes
gh pr review 123 --request-changes \
  --body "Please fix these issues"

# Comment on PR
gh pr review 123 --comment --body "Some thoughts..."

# Dismiss review
gh pr review 123 --dismiss

Update Branch

# Update PR branch with latest base branch
gh pr update-branch 123

# Force update
gh pr update-branch 123 --force

# Use merge strategy
gh pr update-branch 123 --merge

Lock/Unlock Pull Request

# Lock PR conversation
gh pr lock 123

# Lock with reason
gh pr lock 123 --reason off-topic

# Unlock
gh pr unlock 123

Revert Pull Request

# Revert merged PR
gh pr revert 123

# Revert with specific branch name
gh pr revert 123 --branch revert-pr-123

Pull Request Status

# Show PR status summary
gh pr status

# Status for specific repository
gh pr status --repo owner/repo

GitHub Actions

Workflow Runs (gh run)

# List workflow runs
gh run list

# List for specific workflow
gh run list --workflow "ci.yml"

# List for specific branch
gh run list --branch main

# Limit results
gh run list --limit 20

# JSON output
gh run list --json databaseId,status,conclusion,headBranch

# View run details
gh run view 123456789

# View run with verbose logs
gh run view 123456789 --log

# View specific job
gh run view 123456789 --job 987654321

# View in browser
gh run view 123456789 --web

# Watch run in real-time
gh run watch 123456789

# Watch with interval
gh run watch 123456789 --interval 5

# Rerun failed run
gh run rerun 123456789

# Rerun specific job
gh run rerun 123456789 --job 987654321

# Cancel run
gh run cancel 123456789

# Delete run
gh run delete 123456789

# Download run artifacts
gh run download 123456789

# Download specific artifact
gh run download 123456789 --name build

# Download to directory
gh run download 123456789 --dir ./artifacts

Workflows (gh workflow)

# List workflows
gh workflow list

# View workflow details
gh workflow view ci.yml

# View workflow YAML
gh workflow view ci.yml --yaml

# View in browser
gh workflow view ci.yml --web

# Enable workflow
gh workflow enable ci.yml

# Disable workflow
gh workflow disable ci.yml

# Run workflow manually
gh workflow run ci.yml

# Run with inputs
gh workflow run ci.yml \
  --raw-field \
  version="1.0.0" \
  environment="production"

# Run from specific branch
gh workflow run ci.yml --ref develop

Action Caches (gh cache)

# List caches
gh cache list

# List for specific branch
gh cache list --branch main

# List with limit
gh cache list --limit 50

# Delete cache
gh cache delete 123456789

# Delete all caches
gh cache delete --all

Action Secrets (gh secret)

# List secrets
gh secret list

# Set secret (prompts for value)
gh secret set MY_SECRET

# Set secret from environment
echo "$MY_SECRET" | gh secret set MY_SECRET

# Set secret for specific environment
gh secret set MY_SECRET --env production

# Set secret for organization
gh secret set MY_SECRET --org orgname

# Delete secret
gh secret delete MY_SECRET

# Delete from environment
gh secret delete MY_SECRET --env production

Action Variables (gh variable)

# List variables
gh variable list

# Set variable
gh variable set MY_VAR "some-value"

# Set variable for environment
gh variable set MY_VAR "value" --env production

# Set variable for organization
gh variable set MY_VAR "value" --org orgname

# Get variable value
gh variable get MY_VAR

# Delete variable
gh variable delete MY_VAR

# Delete from environment
gh variable delete MY_VAR --env production

Projects (gh project)

# List projects
gh project list

# List for owner
gh project list --owner owner

# Open projects
gh project list --open

# View project
gh project view 123

# View project items
gh project view 123 --format json

# Create project
gh project create --title "My Project"

# Create in organization
gh project create --title "Project" --org orgname

# Create with readme
gh project create --title "Project" --readme "Description here"

# Edit project
gh project edit 123 --title "New Title"

# Delete project
gh project delete 123

# Close project
gh project close 123

# Copy project
gh project copy 123 --owner target-owner --title "Copy"

# Mark template
gh project mark-template 123

# List fields
gh project field-list 123

# Create field
gh project field-create 123 --title "Status" --datatype single_select

# Delete field
gh project field-delete 123 --id 456

# List items
gh project item-list 123

# Create item
gh project item-create 123 --title "New item"

# Add item to project
gh project item-add 123 --owner-owner --repo repo --issue 456

# Edit item
gh project item-edit 123 --id 456 --title "Updated title"

# Delete item
gh project item-delete 123 --id 456

# Archive item
gh project item-archive 123 --id 456

# Link items
gh project link 123 --id 456 --link-id 789

# Unlink items
gh project unlink 123 --id 456 --link-id 789

# View project in browser
gh project view 123 --web

Releases (gh release)

# List releases
gh release list

# View latest release
gh release view

# View specific release
gh release view v1.0.0

# View in browser
gh release view v1.0.0 --web

# Create release
gh release create v1.0.0 \
  --notes "Release notes here"

# Create release with notes from file
gh release create v1.0.0 --notes-file notes.md

# Create release with target
gh release create v1.0.0 --target main

# Create release as draft
gh release create v1.0.0 --draft

# Create pre-release
gh release create v1.0.0 --prerelease

# Create release with title
gh release create v1.0.0 --title "Version 1.0.0"

# Upload asset to release
gh release upload v1.0.0 ./file.tar.gz

# Upload multiple assets
gh release upload v1.0.0 ./file1.tar.gz ./file2.tar.gz

# Upload with label (casing sensitive)
gh release upload v1.0.0 ./file.tar.gz --casing

# Delete release
gh release delete v1.0.0

# Delete with cleanup tag
gh release delete v1.0.0 --yes

# Delete specific asset
gh release delete-asset v1.0.0 file.tar.gz

# Download release assets
gh release download v1.0.0

# Download specific asset
gh release download v1.0.0 --pattern "*.tar.gz"

# Download to directory
gh release download v1.0.0 --dir ./downloads

# Download archive (zip/tar)
gh release download v1.0.0 --archive zip

# Edit release
gh release edit v1.0.0 --notes "Updated notes"

# Verify release signature
gh release verify v1.0.0

# Verify specific asset
gh release verify-asset v1.0.0 file.tar.gz

Gists (gh gist)

# List gists
gh gist list

# List all gists (including private)
gh gist list --public

# Limit results
gh gist list --limit 20

# View gist
gh gist view abc123

# View gist files
gh gist view abc123 --files

# Create gist
gh gist create script.py

# Create gist with description
gh gist create script.py --desc "My script"

# Create public gist
gh gist create script.py --public

# Create multi-file gist
gh gist create file1.py file2.py

# Create from stdin
echo "print('hello')" | gh gist create

# Edit gist
gh gist edit abc123

# Delete gist
gh gist delete abc123

# Rename gist file
gh gist rename abc123 --filename old.py new.py

# Clone gist
gh gist clone abc123

# Clone to directory
gh gist clone abc123 my-directory

Codespaces (gh codespace)

# List codespaces
gh codespace list

# Create codespace
gh codespace create

# Create with specific repository
gh codespace create --repo owner/repo

# Create with branch
gh codespace create --branch develop

# Create with specific machine
gh codespace create --machine premiumLinux

# View codespace details
gh codespace view

# SSH into codespace
gh codespace ssh

# SSH with specific command
gh codespace ssh --command "cd /workspaces && ls"

# Open codespace in browser
gh codespace code

# Open in VS Code
gh codespace code --codec

# Open with specific path
gh codespace code --path /workspaces/repo

# Stop codespace
gh codespace stop

# Delete codespace
gh codespace delete

# View logs
gh codespace logs

--tail 100

# View ports
gh codespace ports

# Forward port
gh codespace cp 8080:8080

# Rebuild codespace
gh codespace rebuild

# Edit codespace
gh codespace edit --machine standardLinux

# Jupyter support
gh codespace jupyter

# Copy files to/from codespace
gh codespace cp file.txt :/workspaces/file.txt
gh codespace cp :/workspaces/file.txt ./file.txt

Organizations (gh org)

# List organizations
gh org list

# List for user
gh org list --user username

# JSON output
gh org list --json login,name,description

# View organization
gh org view orgname

# View organization members
gh org view orgname --json members --jq '.members[] | .login'

Search (gh search)

# Search code
gh search code "TODO"

# Search in specific repository
gh search code "TODO" --repo owner/repo

# Search commits
gh search commits "fix bug"

# Search issues
gh search issues "label:bug state:open"

# Search PRs
gh search prs "is:open is:pr review:required"

# Search repositories
gh search repos "stars:>1000 language:python"

# Limit results
gh search repos "topic:api" --limit 50

# JSON output
gh search repos "stars:>100" --json name,description,stargazers

# Order results
gh search repos "language:rust" --order desc --sort stars

# Search with extensions
gh search code "import" --extension py

# Web search (open in browser)
gh search prs "is:open" --web

Labels (gh label)

# List labels
gh label list

# Create label
gh label create bug --color "d73a4a" --description "Something isn't working"

# Create with hex color
gh label create enhancement --color "#a2eeef"

# Edit label
gh label edit bug --name "bug-report" --color "ff0000"

# Delete label
gh label delete bug

# Clone labels from repository
gh label clone owner/repo

# Clone to specific repository
gh label clone owner/repo --repo target/repo

SSH Keys (gh ssh-key)

# List SSH keys
gh ssh-key list

# Add SSH key
gh ssh-key add ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub --title "My laptop"

# Add key with type
gh ssh-key add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub --type "authentication"

# Delete SSH key
gh ssh-key delete 12345

# Delete by title
gh ssh-key delete --title "My laptop"

GPG Keys (gh gpg-key)

# List GPG keys
gh gpg-key list

# Add GPG key
gh gpg-key add ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

# Delete GPG key
gh gpg-key delete 12345

# Delete by key ID
gh gpg-key delete ABCD1234

Status (gh status)

# Show status overview
gh status

# Status for specific repositories
gh status --repo owner/repo

# JSON output
gh status --json

Configuration (gh config)

# List all config
gh config list

# Get specific value
gh config get editor

# Set value
gh config set editor vim

# Set git protocol
gh config set git_protocol ssh

# Clear cache
gh config clear-cache

# Set prompt behavior
gh config set prompt disabled
gh config set prompt enabled

Extensions (gh extension)

# List installed extensions
gh extension list

# Search extensions
gh extension search github

# Install extension
gh extension install owner/extension-repo

# Install from branch
gh extension install owner/extension-repo --branch develop

# Upgrade extension
gh extension upgrade extension-name

# Remove extension
gh extension remove extension-name

# Create new extension
gh extension create my-extension

# Browse extensions
gh extension browse

# Execute extension command
gh extension exec my-extension --arg value

Aliases (gh alias)

# List aliases
gh alias list

# Set alias
gh alias set prview 'pr view --web'

# Set shell alias
gh alias set co 'pr checkout' --shell

# Delete alias
gh alias delete prview

# Import aliases
gh alias import ./aliases.sh

API Requests (gh api)

# Make API request
gh api /user

# Request with method
gh api --method POST /repos/owner/repo/issues \
  --field title="Issue title" \
  --field body="Issue body"

# Request with headers
gh api /user \
  --header "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json"

# Request with pagination
gh api /user/repos --paginate

# Raw output (no formatting)
gh api /user --raw

# Include headers in output
gh api /user --include

# Silent mode (no progress output)
gh api /user --silent

# Input from file
gh api --input request.json

# jq query on response
gh api /user --jq '.login'

# Field from response
gh api /repos/owner/repo --jq '.stargazers_count'

# GitHub Enterprise
gh api /user --hostname enterprise.internal

# GraphQL query
gh api graphql \
  -f query='
  {
    viewer {
      login
      repositories(first: 5) {
        nodes {
          name
        }
      }
    }
  }'

Rulesets (gh ruleset)

# List rulesets
gh ruleset list

# View ruleset
gh ruleset view 123

# Check ruleset
gh ruleset check --branch feature

# Check specific repository
gh ruleset check --repo owner/repo --branch main

Attestations (gh attestation)

# Download attestation
gh attestation download owner/repo \
  --artifact-id 123456

# Verify attestation
gh attestation verify owner/repo

# Get trusted root
gh attestation trusted-root

Completion (gh completion)

# Generate shell completion
gh completion -s bash > ~/.gh-complete.bash
gh completion -s zsh > ~/.gh-complete.zsh
gh completion -s fish > ~/.gh-complete.fish
gh completion -s powershell > ~/.gh-complete.ps1

# Shell-specific instructions
gh completion --shell=bash
gh completion --shell=zsh

Preview (gh preview)

# List preview features
gh preview

# Run preview script
gh preview prompter

Agent Tasks (gh agent-task)

# List agent tasks
gh agent-task list

# View agent task
gh agent-task view 123

# Create agent task
gh agent-task create --description "My task"

Global Flags

Flag	Description
--help / -h	Show help for command
--version	Show gh version
--repo [HOST/]OWNER/REPO	Select another repository
--hostname HOST	GitHub hostname
--jq EXPRESSION	Filter JSON output
--json FIELDS	Output JSON with specified fields
--template STRING	Format JSON using Go template
--web	Open in browser
--paginate	Make additional API calls
--verbose	Show verbose output
--debug	Show debug output
--timeout SECONDS	Maximum API request duration
--cache CACHE	Cache control (default, force, bypass)

Output Formatting

JSON Output

# Basic JSON
gh repo view --json name,description

# Nested fields
gh repo view --json owner,name --jq '.owner.login + "/" + .name'

# Array operations
gh pr list --json number,title --jq '.[] | select(.number > 100)'

# Complex queries
gh issue list --json number,title,labels \
  --jq '.[] | {number, title: .title, tags: [.labels[].name]}'

Template Output

# Custom template
gh repo view \
  --template '{{.name}}: {{.description}}'

# Multiline template
gh pr view 123 \
  --template 'Title: {{.title}}
Author: {{.author.login}}
State: {{.state}}
'

Common Workflows

Create PR from Issue

# Create branch from issue
gh issue develop 123 --branch feature/issue-123

# Make changes, commit, push
git add .
git commit -m "Fix issue #123"
git push

# Create PR linking to issue
gh pr create --title "Fix #123" --body "Closes #123"

Bulk Operations

# Close multiple issues
gh issue list --search "label:stale" \
  --json number \
  --jq '.[].number' | \
  xargs -I {} gh issue close {} --comment "Closing as stale"

# Add label to multiple PRs
gh pr list --search "review:required" \
  --json number \
  --jq '.[].number' | \
  xargs -I {} gh pr edit {} --add-label needs-review

Repository Setup Workflow

# Create repository with initial setup
gh repo create my-project --public \
  --description "My awesome project" \
  --clone \
  --gitignore python \
  --license mit

cd my-project

# Set up branches
git checkout -b develop
git push -u origin develop

# Create labels
gh label create bug --color "d73a4a" --description "Bug report"
gh label create enhancement --color "a2eeef" --description "Feature request"
gh label create documentation --color "0075ca" --description "Documentation"

CI/CD Workflow

# Run workflow and wait
RUN_ID=$(gh workflow run ci.yml --ref main --jq '.databaseId')

# Watch the run
gh run watch "$RUN_ID"

# Download artifacts on completion
gh run download "$RUN_ID" --dir ./artifacts

Fork Sync Workflow

# Fork repository
gh repo fork original/repo --clone

cd repo

# Add upstream remote
git remote add upstream https://github.com/original/repo.git

# Sync fork
gh repo sync

# Or manual sync
git fetch upstream
git checkout main
git merge upstream/main
git push origin main

Environment Setup

Shell Integration

# Add to ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc
eval "$(gh completion -s bash)"  # or zsh/fish

# Create useful aliases
alias gs='gh status'
alias gpr='gh pr view --web'
alias gir='gh issue view --web'
alias gco='gh pr checkout'

Git Configuration

# Use gh as credential helper
gh auth setup-git

# Set gh as default for repo operations
git config --global credential.helper 'gh !gh auth setup-git'

# Or manually
git config --global credential.helper github

Best Practices

1. Authentication: Use environment variables for automation

   export GH_TOKEN=$(gh auth token)
   

2. Default Repository: Set default to avoid repetition

   gh repo set-default owner/repo
   

3. JSON Parsing: Use jq for complex data extraction

   gh pr list --json number,title --jq '.[] | select(.title | contains("fix"))'
   

4. Pagination: Use --paginate for large result sets

   gh issue list --state all --paginate
   

5. Caching: Use cache control for frequently accessed data

   gh api /user --cache force
   

Getting Help

# General help
gh --help

# Command help
gh pr --help
gh issue create --help

# Help topics
gh help formatting
gh help environment
gh help exit-codes
gh help accessibility

References

• Official Manual: https://cli.github.com/manual/
• GitHub Docs: https://docs.github.com/en/github-cli
• REST API: https://docs.github.com/en/rest
• GraphQL API: https://docs.github.com/en/graphql