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blender-scene

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UpdatedMarch 16, 2026 at 17:49

Create and export 3D scenes using Blender 4.4 bpy scripts + Kenney GLB assets for Three.js. Use when building office environments, assembling furniture layouts, or exporting GLB for the observatory.

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fran0220

fran0220/jacoworks

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Software DevelopersComputer and Mathematical Occupations·SOC 15-1252

SKILL.md

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Blender Scene Builder Skill

Assemble 3D scenes from Kenney Furniture Kit GLB assets via headless Blender, export as .glb for Three.js.

Environment

Item	Path
Blender 4.4	`/Applications/Blender.app/Contents/MacOS/Blender`
Kenney assets (raw)	`/tmp/kenney-furniture/Models/GLTF format/*.glb`
Build scripts	`scripts/blender/*.py`
Preview output	`/tmp/office-build/*.png`
Diagnostic output	`/tmp/office-build/*-diag.txt`
GLB output	`webchat/public/observatory/office.glb`

⚠️ 核心原则：永远不要一次性生成完整脚本

一次性生成 500 行 Blender 脚本是赌博。 必须采用渐进式构建：

一个构建脚本始终是单一源文件 — 但通过 edit_file 逐段追加内容
每追加一段后立即渲染 + 验证 — 不要等到最后
验证失败时只修改出问题的部分 — 不要重写整个脚本
数值诊断优先于肉眼 — 用诊断脚本检测浮空/越界，不靠猜

渐进式构建流程 (8 个 Gate)

每个 Gate 都有明确的通过条件。不通过不准进入下一步。

Gate 1: 骨架          地板 + 外墙 + 角件 → 渲染全景 + 诊断 → ✓ 围合无缺口
Gate 2: 隔断          十字分隔 + 门洞 → 渲染全景 → ✓ 连续无缝隙
Gate 3: 第一个区域    选一个区域 (如 Forge) 放满家具 → 近景渲染 + 诊断 → ✓ 无浮空无越界
Gate 4: 剩余区域      逐个添加 Tower/Court/Lounge/Hub → 每加一个: 近景渲染 + 诊断 → ✓
Gate 5: 走廊 + 装饰   走廊家具、绿植、灯具 → 全景渲染 → ✓ 密度适当
Gate 6: 灯光 + 相机   灯光调色、相机角度 → 全景渲染 → ✓ 视觉质量
Gate 7: 诊断全检      跑完整诊断脚本 → ✓ 零浮空、零越界、零穿墙
Gate 8: AI Review     --strict 模式审核 → ✓ PASS (≥8.0 且无 critical)
         ↓ PASS → 导出 GLB
         ↓ NEEDS_FIX → 定位问题 → edit_file 修补 → 回到对应 Gate 重验

每个 Gate 的操作模板

1. edit_file: 在构建脚本末尾（渲染代码之前）追加新内容
2. Bash: 运行 Blender 渲染
3. look_at: 查看渲染 PNG (全景或近景)
4. Bash: 运行诊断脚本检测数值问题
5. 判断: 通过 → 下一个 Gate | 不通过 → edit_file 修复 → 重复 2~4

运行命令

BLENDER="/Applications/Blender.app/Contents/MacOS/Blender"

# 渲染预览 (看最后 20 行即可)
$BLENDER --background --factory-startup --python scripts/blender/build-office.py 2>&1 | tail -20

# 检查输出
# → /tmp/office-build/xxx.png  (用 look_at 工具查看)
# → webchat/public/observatory/office.glb (最终产物)

三个验证工具

1. look_at — 视觉检查 (每步必用)

渲染后用 look_at 工具查看 PNG，描述清楚要检查什么：

look_at("/tmp/office-build/gate1-walls.png",
  objective="检查四个角落是否完全闭合, 外墙是否连续无缺口",
  context="Gate 1 验证: 地板+外墙+角件的围合完整性")

全景 vs 近景:

全景: ortho_scale = 36, 检查整体布局
近景: ortho_scale = 16~22, 相机对准单个区域中心, 检查家具细节

近景相机代码 (临时替换渲染段):

# 近景检查 Forge 区 (-6, -6)
bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(-6+18, -6-18, 18))
cam = bpy.context.active_object
cam.data.type = 'ORTHO'
cam.data.ortho_scale = 18
cam.rotation_euler = (math.radians(60), 0, math.radians(45))

2. 诊断脚本 — 数值检测 (Gate 3+ 必用)

在构建脚本末尾（渲染之后）追加诊断代码，打印所有物体的 Z 位置和边界：

# ── DIAGNOSTICS (追加在渲染之后) ──
print("\n" + "="*60)
print("  DIAGNOSTICS: Object placement audit")
print("="*60)

FLOOR_Z = 0.0
TOLERANCE = 0.02  # 2cm tolerance
BOUNDARY = 12.0   # outer wall at ±12m
issues = []

for obj in bpy.data.objects:
    if obj.type == 'EMPTY' and obj.children:
        # Get world-space bounding box
        all_coords = []
        for child in [obj] + list(obj.children_recursive):
            if child.type == 'MESH':
                for v in child.data.vertices:
                    all_coords.append(child.matrix_world @ v.co)
        if not all_coords:
            continue
        z_min = min(c.z for c in all_coords)
        z_max = max(c.z for c in all_coords)
        x_min = min(c.x for c in all_coords)
        x_max = max(c.x for c in all_coords)
        y_min = min(c.y for c in all_coords)
        y_max = max(c.y for c in all_coords)
        name = obj.name

        # Check: object floating above floor (should be grounded)
        if "f_" not in name and z_min > FLOOR_Z + TOLERANCE:
            # Tabletop items are OK if their parent name contains desk/table/counter
            is_tabletop = any(k in name.lower() for k in ['mon', 'kb', 'ms', 'lamp', 'coffee', 'micro', 'toaster', 'blender', 'books', 'plant', 'splant', 'radio', 'speaker', 'spk'])
            if is_tabletop:
                print(f"  📎 {name:30s} z_min={z_min:.3f} (tabletop OK)")
            else:
                issues.append(f"🔴 FLOAT: {name} z_min={z_min:.3f} (expected ~{FLOOR_Z})")

        # Check: object outside boundary
        if x_max > BOUNDARY + 0.5 or x_min < -BOUNDARY - 0.5:
            issues.append(f"🔴 OOB-X: {name} x=[{x_min:.1f}, {x_max:.1f}]")
        if y_max > BOUNDARY + 0.5 or y_min < -BOUNDARY - 0.5:
            issues.append(f"🔴 OOB-Y: {name} y=[{y_min:.1f}, {y_max:.1f}]")

if issues:
    print(f"\n  ❌ {len(issues)} issues found:")
    for iss in issues:
        print(f"     {iss}")
else:
    print("\n  ✅ All objects grounded and within bounds!")

⚠️ 关键: 诊断代码应该放在渲染之后、GLB 导出之前。这样渲染产物不受影响，但能在控制台看到所有问题。

3. AI Scene Review — 严格审核 (Gate 8 必用)

# 基础审核
python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png

# 严格模式 (评分标准上浮, 任何瑕疵都算 critical)
python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png --strict

# 对比审核 (与上一版对比，检测改进/退步)
python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png --reference /tmp/office-build/prev.png

# 指定模型
REVIEW_MODEL=claude-sonnet-4-6 python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png

环境变量:

export LLM_PROXY_URL="http://67.230.182.59:8317"
export LLM_PROXY_KEY="your-key"
export REVIEW_MODEL="gpt-5.4"  # 可选: gpt-5.4 / claude-sonnet-4-6 / claude-opus-4-6

审核维度 (4 项, 各 25%):

维度	检查内容
结构完整性	外墙连续、角落闭合、隔断连续、地板完整
家具摆放	显示器贴桌面、椅子位置合理、不穿墙
区域识别度	5 区可区分、标志性家具/地毯、走廊有装饰
视觉质量	构图平衡、色彩丰富、密度适当、有故事感

判定标准:

Verdict	条件	后续动作
✅ PASS	score ≥ 8.0 且无 critical issues	导出 GLB ✓
⚠️ NEEDS_FIX	score ≥ 6.0 或有 critical issues	定位问题 → edit_file → 重验
❌ FAIL	score < 6.0	回退到出问题的 Gate 重做

输出: {image}-review.json，退出码: 0=PASS, 1=NEEDS_FIX, 2=FAIL。

修复循环 (NEEDS_FIX 时)

1. 读 review JSON → 提取 critical_issues 列表
2. 对每个 critical issue:
   a. 定位脚本中的相关代码段 (用 Grep 搜名称)
   b. edit_file 修改该段 (最小 diff)
   c. 渲染 → look_at 确认该 issue 已修复
   d. 诊断脚本确认数值正确
3. 全部 critical 修完后 → 重新跑 AI Review --strict --reference 上一版
4. 仍然 NEEDS_FIX → 重复; PASS → 导出 GLB

⚠️ 每次修复只改一个问题，验证后再改下一个。不要批量修改。

imp() — 核心导入函数 (已验证正确)

所有 Kenney 模型的 origin 在 min corner (不在中心)。imp() 自动完成：

导入 GLB
计算所有 mesh 顶点的 XY 中心 + Z 底部
创建 parent empty，偏移子物体使模型 XY 居中、Z 底部归零
应用缩放、旋转、定位

def imp(filename, pos=(0,0,0), rot_z=0, sc=None, name=None):
    """Import GLB, center XY, ground Z (bottom at z=0), place at pos."""
    filepath = os.path.join(ASSET_DIR, filename)
    if not os.path.exists(filepath):
        print(f"  ⚠️  Missing: {filename}")
        return None
    before = set(bpy.data.objects)
    bpy.ops.import_scene.gltf(filepath=filepath)
    new_objs = list(set(bpy.data.objects) - before)
    if not new_objs: return None
    coords = []
    for obj in new_objs:
        if obj.type == 'MESH':
            for v in obj.data.vertices:
                coords.append(obj.matrix_world @ v.co)
    if coords:
        cx = (min(c.x for c in coords) + max(c.x for c in coords)) / 2
        cy = (min(c.y for c in coords) + max(c.y for c in coords)) / 2
        cz_min = min(c.z for c in coords)  # ← 关键: Z 底部
    else:
        cx = cy = cz_min = 0
    parent = bpy.data.objects.new(name or filename.replace('.glb',''), None)
    bpy.context.collection.objects.link(parent)
    for obj in new_objs:
        obj.parent = parent
        obj.location.x -= cx
        obj.location.y -= cy
        obj.location.z -= cz_min  # ← 关键: 模型底部贴地
    s = sc or S
    parent.scale = (s, s, s)
    parent.rotation_euler.z = rot_z
    parent.location = pos
    return parent

top_z() — 获取物体顶部高度 (桌面物品必用)

def top_z(obj):
    """Get the world-space top Z coordinate of obj + all children."""
    if obj is None:
        return 0
    coords = []
    for child in [obj] + list(obj.children_recursive):
        if child.type == 'MESH':
            for v in child.data.vertices:
                coords.append((child.matrix_world @ v.co).z)
    return max(coords) if coords else obj.location.z

⚠️ 桌面物品的 Z 坐标必须用 top_z(desk_obj) + 0.01 而不是硬编码 0.384 * S:

desk = imp("desk.glb", pos=(cx, cy, 0), ...)
dh = top_z(desk) + 0.01  # ← 用实际桌面高度，不用常量
imp("computerScreen.glb", pos=(cx, cy, dh), ...)

常用建筑函数

tile_floor — 铺地板

def tile_floor(cx, cy, cols, rows):
    t = S
    x0 = cx - (cols * t) / 2 + t / 2
    y0 = cy - (rows * t) / 2 + t / 2
    for r in range(rows):
        for c in range(cols):
            imp("floorFull.glb", pos=(x0 + c*t, y0 + r*t, 0), name=f"f_{c}_{r}")

wall_row — 砌墙 (支持窗/门)

def wall_row(x0, y0, count, axis='x', windows=None, doors=None):
    windows = windows or set()
    doors = doors or set()
    t = S
    for i in range(count):
        if axis == 'x':
            p = (x0 + i * t, y0, 0); rot = 0
        else:
            p = (x0, y0 + i * t, 0); rot = math.pi / 2
        if i in doors:
            imp("wallDoorway.glb", pos=p, rot_z=rot, name=f"wd_{i}")
        elif i in windows:
            imp("wallWindow.glb", pos=p, rot_z=rot, name=f"ww_{i}")
        else:
            imp("wall.glb", pos=p, rot_z=rot, name=f"w_{i}")

workstation — 完整工位 (使用 top_z)

def workstation(cx, cy, facing=0, idx=0):
    desk = imp("desk.glb", pos=(cx, cy, 0), rot_z=facing, name=f"ws{idx}_desk")
    dh = top_z(desk) + 0.01  # ← 用实际高度!

    # Chair: tight offset (0.45*S, not 0.55*S)
    co = 0.45 * S
    imp("chairDesk.glb",
        pos=(cx - math.sin(facing)*co, cy + math.cos(facing)*co, 0),
        rot_z=facing + math.pi, name=f"ws{idx}_chair")

    # Monitor: close to desk back edge
    mo = 0.18 * S
    imp("computerScreen.glb",
        pos=(cx + math.sin(facing)*mo, cy - math.cos(facing)*mo, dh),
        rot_z=facing + math.pi, name=f"ws{idx}_mon")

    # Keyboard + mouse on desk surface
    imp("computerKeyboard.glb", pos=(cx, cy, dh), rot_z=facing, name=f"ws{idx}_kb")
    mx = cx + math.cos(facing) * 0.15 * S
    my = cy + math.sin(facing) * 0.15 * S
    imp("computerMouse.glb", pos=(mx, my, dh), rot_z=facing, name=f"ws{idx}_ms")
    return desk

partition_row — 内部隔断 (用 wall.glb, 不用 wallHalf)

def partition_row(x0, y0, positions, axis='x', doorways=None):
    """Place partition walls using wall.glb (1.0 unit wide = fills S slot exactly).
    wallHalf was only 0.5 units wide causing gaps — NEVER use wallHalf for partitions.
    """
    doorways = doorways or set()
    for i in positions:
        pos_val = i * S
        if i in doorways:
            if axis == 'x':
                imp("wallDoorway.glb", pos=(pos_val, y0, 0), rot_z=0, name=f"pd_{axis}_{i}")
            else:
                imp("wallDoorway.glb", pos=(x0, pos_val, 0), rot_z=math.pi/2, name=f"pd_{axis}_{i}")
        else:
            if axis == 'x':
                imp("wall.glb", pos=(pos_val, y0, 0), rot_z=0, name=f"ph_{i}")
            else:
                imp("wall.glb", pos=(x0, pos_val, 0), rot_z=math.pi/2, name=f"pv_{i}")

办公室布局约束 (12×12 tile, 24m×24m)

地板范围: -12m ~ +12m (X/Y 两轴)
外墙位置: ±12m
内部隔断: x=0 和 y=0 轴线 (十字分隔)
4 象限: 每象限约 12×12m 可用空间

区域中心推荐坐标 (绝对米数, 不用 *S):
  Hub:    (0, 0)     — 中央十字交汇
  Forge:  (-6, -6)   — 左下 (开发工位区)
  Tower:  (-6, 6)    — 左上 (会议室)
  Court:  (6, 6)     — 右上 (评审室)
  Lounge: (6, -6)    — 右下 (茶歇区)

家具偏移上限: 区域中心 ± 4.5m (确保不超出 ±11m, 留墙厚余量)

区域特征参考 (增强识别度)

区域	必须有	推荐加	地毯
Hub	前台桌 + 接待椅 + 导视熊	低矮展示柜、门垫	rugSquare 大型
Forge	6 工位 (3×2) + 书架	任务板(bookcaseClosedWide)、纸箱、落地灯	rugRectangle 暖色
Tower	圆桌 + 6 椅 + 笔记本	演示电视、宽书架(白板替代)、盆栽	rugRound 蓝色
Court	长桌 + 6 正式椅 + 大屏	观摩长椅、落地灯、书架	rugSquare 正式
Lounge	双沙发对坐 + 咖啡桌	厨房角(咖啡机/冰箱)、吧凳、抱枕、收音机	rugRounded 叠层

相机 & 渲染

# 全景等距相机
bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(28, -28, 26))
cam = bpy.context.active_object
cam.data.type = 'ORTHO'
cam.data.ortho_scale = 36  # 全场景
cam.rotation_euler = (math.radians(60), 0, math.radians(45))
bpy.context.scene.camera = cam

# 近景相机 (检查单区域, 以 Forge 为例)
# bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(-6+18, -6-18, 18))
# cam.data.ortho_scale = 18

# EEVEE 渲染
bpy.context.scene.render.engine = 'BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT'
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 1600
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 1000

GLB 导出 (Blender 4.4)

# 导出前删除相机和灯光 (Three.js 自己管)
for obj in list(bpy.data.objects):
    if obj.type in ('CAMERA', 'LIGHT'):
        bpy.data.objects.remove(obj, do_unlink=True)

bpy.ops.export_scene.gltf(
    filepath="webchat/public/observatory/office.glb",
    export_format='GLB',
    use_selection=False,
    export_apply=True,
    export_materials='EXPORT',
    export_extras=True,
    # ⚠️ Blender 4.4 已移除: export_colors, export_draco_*
)

灯光模板

# 主光 (暖色阳光)
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(8, 8, 15))
sun = bpy.context.active_object
sun.data.energy = 3.0
sun.rotation_euler = (math.radians(55), math.radians(15), math.radians(-30))
sun.data.color = (1.0, 0.97, 0.92)

# 补光 (冷色)
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(-8, -8, 12))
fill = bpy.context.active_object
fill.data.energy = 1.0
fill.rotation_euler = (math.radians(70), 0, math.radians(150))
fill.data.color = (0.85, 0.82, 0.78)

# 区域重点灯 (每个功能区一盏)
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='AREA', location=(zx, zy, 2.4))
al = bpy.context.active_object
al.data.energy = 60
al.data.size = 5
al.data.color = zone_color_tuple  # e.g. (1.0, 0.85, 0.6) for warm

⚠️ 已踩过的坑

坑	原因	正确做法
物件浮空	没有 `z -= cz_min`	imp() 中已修复; 桌面物品用 `top_z(desk)+0.01`
桌面物品浮空	用硬编码 `dh = 0.384*S`	必须用 `top_z(desk_obj) + 0.01`
家具超出边界	区域中心离墙太近	偏移上限 ±4.5m, 诊断脚本检测越界
Blender 4.4 导出报错	已移除参数	不用 `export_colors`、`export_draco_*`
模型重叠	工位间距太小	工位间距 ≥ 3m (col) / 3m (row)
隔断墙有缝隙	`wallHalf` 仅 0.5 单位宽	隔断用 `wall.glb`, 绝不用 `wallHalf`
外墙窗户太多显断裂	12 段 8 窗	位置 0,3,6,9,11 用实墙, 窗 `{1,2,4,5,7,8,10}`
外墙角件不对齐	wallCorner 0.55×0.55	imp() 居中, 放在 `(±HS, ±HS)`
书架穿墙	靠墙物品坐标太大	偏移上限 ±4.5m, 外墙内侧留 0.5m
一次性生成脚本失败	500行无验证	渐进式: edit_file → render → verify → next
AI Review 后批量修改	改了 A 坏了 B	每次只修一个 issue, 验证后改下一个

Kenney 模型尺寸速查 (scale=1, 原点在 min corner)

模型	宽(X) × 深(Y) × 高(Z)	缩放后高度 (S=2)
floorFull	1.0 × 1.0 × 0.05	0.10m (薄片)
wall	1.0 × 0.05 × 1.29	2.58m
wallHalf	1.0 × 0.05 × 0.645	1.29m
wallCorner	0.55 × 0.55 × 1.29	L形角件
desk	0.73 × 0.39 × 0.384	0.77m
deskCorner	0.625 × 0.625 × 0.384	0.77m
chairDesk	0.34 × 0.31 × 0.61	1.22m
computerScreen	0.39 × 0.10 × 0.29	0.58m
tableRound	0.85 × 0.85 × 0.37	0.74m
table	0.73 × 0.39 × 0.37	0.74m
sideTable	0.31 × 0.31 × 0.38	0.76m
sideTableDrawers	0.31 × 0.31 × 0.38	0.76m

缩放规则: S = 2.0 使 Kenney 1 unit ≈ 2m 真实尺寸。

脚本模板 (新场景起点 — Gate 1)

只包含地板 + 外墙 + 角件 + 灯光 + 相机 + 渲染 + 诊断。后续 Gate 通过 edit_file 逐段追加。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Build office scene. Gate 1: Floor + outer walls + corners."""
import bpy, os, math

S = 2.0
ASSET_DIR = "/tmp/kenney-furniture/Models/GLTF format"
PREVIEW_DIR = "/tmp/office-build"
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
OUTPUT_GLB = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "webchat/public/observatory/office.glb")
os.makedirs(PREVIEW_DIR, exist_ok=True)

bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.object.delete(use_global=False)
for m in bpy.data.meshes: bpy.data.meshes.remove(m)
for m in bpy.data.materials: bpy.data.materials.remove(m)

# ── imp() + top_z() + tile_floor() + wall_row() ──
# (copy from skill reference)

# ── GATE 1: Floor + Walls ──
tile_floor(0, 0, 12, 12)

H = 6
L = -H * S + S / 2
OUTER_WIN = {1,2,4,5,7,8,10}

wall_row(L, -H*S, 12, 'x', windows=OUTER_WIN)
wall_row(L, H*S, 12, 'x', windows=OUTER_WIN)
wall_row(-H*S, L, 12, 'y', windows=OUTER_WIN)
wall_row(H*S, L, 12, 'y', windows=OUTER_WIN - {5,6}, doors={5,6})

imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(-H*S, -H*S, 0), rot_z=0, name="corner_sw")
imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(H*S, -H*S, 0), rot_z=math.pi/2, name="corner_se")
imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(-H*S, H*S, 0), rot_z=-math.pi/2, name="corner_nw")
imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(H*S, H*S, 0), rot_z=math.pi, name="corner_ne")

# ── GATE 2+ content will be inserted HERE by edit_file ──
# === INSERTION POINT ===

# ── LIGHTING ──
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(8, 8, 15))
sun = bpy.context.active_object
sun.data.energy = 3.0
sun.rotation_euler = (math.radians(55), math.radians(15), math.radians(-30))
sun.data.color = (1.0, 0.97, 0.92)

bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(-8, -8, 12))
fill = bpy.context.active_object
fill.data.energy = 1.0
fill.rotation_euler = (math.radians(70), 0, math.radians(150))
fill.data.color = (0.85, 0.82, 0.78)

# ── CAMERA + RENDER ──
bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(28, -28, 26))
cam = bpy.context.active_object
cam.data.type = 'ORTHO'
cam.data.ortho_scale = 36
cam.rotation_euler = (math.radians(60), 0, math.radians(45))
bpy.context.scene.camera = cam

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = 'BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT'
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 1600
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 1000

out = os.path.join(PREVIEW_DIR, "gate1-walls.png")
bpy.context.scene.render.filepath = out
bpy.ops.render.render(write_still=True)
print(f"\n✅ Preview: {out}")

# ── DIAGNOSTICS ──
# (copy diagnostic code block from skill reference)

后续 Gate 2 时用 edit_file 把隔断代码插入 === INSERTION POINT === 处:

edit_file(path="scripts/blender/build-office.py",
  old_str="# === INSERTION POINT ===",
  new_str="# ── GATE 2: Partitions ──\n...\n\n# === INSERTION POINT ===")

Kenney 资产完整清单 (134 GLB)

# 地板 (4)
floorFull floorHalf floorCorner floorCornerRound

# 墙壁 (7)
wall wallHalf wallCorner wallCornerRond wallWindow wallWindowSlide wallDoorway wallDoorwayWide

# 门框 (3)
doorway doorwayFront doorwayOpen

# 桌椅 (12)
desk deskCorner table tableCloth tableCross tableCrossCloth tableGlass tableRound
chairDesk chair chairCushion chairRounded chairModernCushion chairModernFrameCushion

# 沙发 (7)
loungeSofa loungeSofaLong loungeSofaCorner loungeSofaOttoman
loungeChair loungeChairRelax loungeDesignChair loungeDesignSofa loungeDesignSofaCorner

# 茶几 (5)
tableCoffee tableCoffeeGlass tableCoffeeSquare tableCoffeeGlassSquare sideTable sideTableDrawers

# 电脑 (4)
computerScreen computerKeyboard computerMouse laptop

# 书架 (5)
bookcaseOpen bookcaseOpenLow bookcaseClosed bookcaseClosedDoors bookcaseClosedWide

# 厨房 (12)
kitchenBar kitchenBarEnd kitchenBlender kitchenCabinet kitchenCabinetCornerInner
kitchenCabinetCornerRound kitchenCabinetDrawer kitchenCabinetUpper
kitchenCabinetUpperCorner kitchenCabinetUpperDouble kitchenCabinetUpperLow
kitchenCoffeeMachine kitchenFridge kitchenFridgeBuiltIn kitchenFridgeLarge
kitchenFridgeSmall kitchenMicrowave kitchenSink kitchenStove kitchenStoveElectric

# 灯具 (6)
lampRoundFloor lampRoundTable lampSquareCeiling lampSquareFloor lampSquareTable lampWall

# 电视 (3)
televisionAntenna televisionModern televisionVintage

# 音响 (3)
speaker speakerSmall radio

# 植物 (4)
pottedPlant plantSmall1 plantSmall2 plantSmall3

# 地毯 (5)
rugRectangle rugRound rugRounded rugSquare rugDoormat

# 吧凳 (2)
stoolBar stoolBarSquare

# 长椅 (3)
bench benchCushion benchCushionLow

# 床 (3)
bedBunk bedDouble bedSingle

# 柜子 (5)
cabinetBed cabinetBedDrawer cabinetBedDrawerTable cabinetTelevision cabinetTelevisionDoors

# 装饰 (10)
bear books cardboardBoxClosed cardboardBoxOpen coatRack coatRackStanding
paneling pillow pillowBlue pillowBlueLong pillowLong toaster trashcan

# 楼梯 (4)
stairs stairsCorner stairsOpen stairsOpenSingle

# 卫浴 (8+)
bathroomCabinet bathroomCabinetDrawer bathroomMirror bathroomSink bathroomSinkSquare
bathtub shower showerRound toilet toiletSquare washer dryer washerDryerStacked

# 其他
ceilingFan hoodLarge hoodModern

已有构建脚本

脚本	用途	分数
`scripts/blender/review-scene.py`	AI 审核 (vision LLM 严格评分)	—
`scripts/blender/test-step8-structure.py`	当前最新: 连续墙壁 + 区域识别 + 走廊装饰	6.8/10 NEEDS_FIX
`scripts/blender/test-step7-polish.py`	密度/平衡优化 (wallHalf 缝隙问题)	—
`scripts/blender/test-step6-fix.py`	对称隔断 + 墙壁对齐修复	—
`scripts/blender/test-step4-full.py`	早期完整构建	8/10
`scripts/blender/test-step1-floor-desk.py`	最小测试: 地板+桌子	—
`scripts/blender/test-step2-room.py`	围合房间+单工位	—
`scripts/blender/test-step3-forge.py`	Forge 区 6 工位	—

name	blender-scene
description	Create and export 3D scenes using Blender 4.4 bpy scripts + Kenney GLB assets for Three.js. Use when building office environments, assembling furniture layouts, or exporting GLB for the observatory.

Blender Scene Builder Skill

Assemble 3D scenes from Kenney Furniture Kit GLB assets via headless Blender, export as .glb for Three.js.

Environment

Item	Path
Blender 4.4	`/Applications/Blender.app/Contents/MacOS/Blender`
Kenney assets (raw)	`/tmp/kenney-furniture/Models/GLTF format/*.glb`
Build scripts	`scripts/blender/*.py`
Preview output	`/tmp/office-build/*.png`
Diagnostic output	`/tmp/office-build/*-diag.txt`
GLB output	`webchat/public/observatory/office.glb`

⚠️ 核心原则：永远不要一次性生成完整脚本

一次性生成 500 行 Blender 脚本是赌博。 必须采用渐进式构建：

一个构建脚本始终是单一源文件 — 但通过 edit_file 逐段追加内容
每追加一段后立即渲染 + 验证 — 不要等到最后
验证失败时只修改出问题的部分 — 不要重写整个脚本
数值诊断优先于肉眼 — 用诊断脚本检测浮空/越界，不靠猜

渐进式构建流程 (8 个 Gate)

每个 Gate 都有明确的通过条件。不通过不准进入下一步。

Gate 1: 骨架          地板 + 外墙 + 角件 → 渲染全景 + 诊断 → ✓ 围合无缺口
Gate 2: 隔断          十字分隔 + 门洞 → 渲染全景 → ✓ 连续无缝隙
Gate 3: 第一个区域    选一个区域 (如 Forge) 放满家具 → 近景渲染 + 诊断 → ✓ 无浮空无越界
Gate 4: 剩余区域      逐个添加 Tower/Court/Lounge/Hub → 每加一个: 近景渲染 + 诊断 → ✓
Gate 5: 走廊 + 装饰   走廊家具、绿植、灯具 → 全景渲染 → ✓ 密度适当
Gate 6: 灯光 + 相机   灯光调色、相机角度 → 全景渲染 → ✓ 视觉质量
Gate 7: 诊断全检      跑完整诊断脚本 → ✓ 零浮空、零越界、零穿墙
Gate 8: AI Review     --strict 模式审核 → ✓ PASS (≥8.0 且无 critical)
         ↓ PASS → 导出 GLB
         ↓ NEEDS_FIX → 定位问题 → edit_file 修补 → 回到对应 Gate 重验

每个 Gate 的操作模板

1. edit_file: 在构建脚本末尾（渲染代码之前）追加新内容
2. Bash: 运行 Blender 渲染
3. look_at: 查看渲染 PNG (全景或近景)
4. Bash: 运行诊断脚本检测数值问题
5. 判断: 通过 → 下一个 Gate | 不通过 → edit_file 修复 → 重复 2~4

运行命令

BLENDER="/Applications/Blender.app/Contents/MacOS/Blender"

# 渲染预览 (看最后 20 行即可)
$BLENDER --background --factory-startup --python scripts/blender/build-office.py 2>&1 | tail -20

# 检查输出
# → /tmp/office-build/xxx.png  (用 look_at 工具查看)
# → webchat/public/observatory/office.glb (最终产物)

三个验证工具

1. look_at — 视觉检查 (每步必用)

渲染后用 look_at 工具查看 PNG，描述清楚要检查什么：

look_at("/tmp/office-build/gate1-walls.png",
  objective="检查四个角落是否完全闭合, 外墙是否连续无缺口",
  context="Gate 1 验证: 地板+外墙+角件的围合完整性")

全景 vs 近景:

全景: ortho_scale = 36, 检查整体布局
近景: ortho_scale = 16~22, 相机对准单个区域中心, 检查家具细节

近景相机代码 (临时替换渲染段):

# 近景检查 Forge 区 (-6, -6)
bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(-6+18, -6-18, 18))
cam = bpy.context.active_object
cam.data.type = 'ORTHO'
cam.data.ortho_scale = 18
cam.rotation_euler = (math.radians(60), 0, math.radians(45))

2. 诊断脚本 — 数值检测 (Gate 3+ 必用)

在构建脚本末尾（渲染之后）追加诊断代码，打印所有物体的 Z 位置和边界：

# ── DIAGNOSTICS (追加在渲染之后) ──
print("\n" + "="*60)
print("  DIAGNOSTICS: Object placement audit")
print("="*60)

FLOOR_Z = 0.0
TOLERANCE = 0.02  # 2cm tolerance
BOUNDARY = 12.0   # outer wall at ±12m
issues = []

for obj in bpy.data.objects:
    if obj.type == 'EMPTY' and obj.children:
        # Get world-space bounding box
        all_coords = []
        for child in [obj] + list(obj.children_recursive):
            if child.type == 'MESH':
                for v in child.data.vertices:
                    all_coords.append(child.matrix_world @ v.co)
        if not all_coords:
            continue
        z_min = min(c.z for c in all_coords)
        z_max = max(c.z for c in all_coords)
        x_min = min(c.x for c in all_coords)
        x_max = max(c.x for c in all_coords)
        y_min = min(c.y for c in all_coords)
        y_max = max(c.y for c in all_coords)
        name = obj.name

        # Check: object floating above floor (should be grounded)
        if "f_" not in name and z_min > FLOOR_Z + TOLERANCE:
            # Tabletop items are OK if their parent name contains desk/table/counter
            is_tabletop = any(k in name.lower() for k in ['mon', 'kb', 'ms', 'lamp', 'coffee', 'micro', 'toaster', 'blender', 'books', 'plant', 'splant', 'radio', 'speaker', 'spk'])
            if is_tabletop:
                print(f"  📎 {name:30s} z_min={z_min:.3f} (tabletop OK)")
            else:
                issues.append(f"🔴 FLOAT: {name} z_min={z_min:.3f} (expected ~{FLOOR_Z})")

        # Check: object outside boundary
        if x_max > BOUNDARY + 0.5 or x_min < -BOUNDARY - 0.5:
            issues.append(f"🔴 OOB-X: {name} x=[{x_min:.1f}, {x_max:.1f}]")
        if y_max > BOUNDARY + 0.5 or y_min < -BOUNDARY - 0.5:
            issues.append(f"🔴 OOB-Y: {name} y=[{y_min:.1f}, {y_max:.1f}]")

if issues:
    print(f"\n  ❌ {len(issues)} issues found:")
    for iss in issues:
        print(f"     {iss}")
else:
    print("\n  ✅ All objects grounded and within bounds!")

⚠️ 关键: 诊断代码应该放在渲染之后、GLB 导出之前。这样渲染产物不受影响，但能在控制台看到所有问题。

3. AI Scene Review — 严格审核 (Gate 8 必用)

# 基础审核
python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png

# 严格模式 (评分标准上浮, 任何瑕疵都算 critical)
python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png --strict

# 对比审核 (与上一版对比，检测改进/退步)
python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png --reference /tmp/office-build/prev.png

# 指定模型
REVIEW_MODEL=claude-sonnet-4-6 python3 scripts/blender/review-scene.py /tmp/office-build/stepN.png

环境变量:

export LLM_PROXY_URL="http://67.230.182.59:8317"
export LLM_PROXY_KEY="your-key"
export REVIEW_MODEL="gpt-5.4"  # 可选: gpt-5.4 / claude-sonnet-4-6 / claude-opus-4-6

审核维度 (4 项, 各 25%):

维度	检查内容
结构完整性	外墙连续、角落闭合、隔断连续、地板完整
家具摆放	显示器贴桌面、椅子位置合理、不穿墙
区域识别度	5 区可区分、标志性家具/地毯、走廊有装饰
视觉质量	构图平衡、色彩丰富、密度适当、有故事感

判定标准:

Verdict	条件	后续动作
✅ PASS	score ≥ 8.0 且无 critical issues	导出 GLB ✓
⚠️ NEEDS_FIX	score ≥ 6.0 或有 critical issues	定位问题 → edit_file → 重验
❌ FAIL	score < 6.0	回退到出问题的 Gate 重做

输出: {image}-review.json，退出码: 0=PASS, 1=NEEDS_FIX, 2=FAIL。

修复循环 (NEEDS_FIX 时)

1. 读 review JSON → 提取 critical_issues 列表
2. 对每个 critical issue:
   a. 定位脚本中的相关代码段 (用 Grep 搜名称)
   b. edit_file 修改该段 (最小 diff)
   c. 渲染 → look_at 确认该 issue 已修复
   d. 诊断脚本确认数值正确
3. 全部 critical 修完后 → 重新跑 AI Review --strict --reference 上一版
4. 仍然 NEEDS_FIX → 重复; PASS → 导出 GLB

⚠️ 每次修复只改一个问题，验证后再改下一个。不要批量修改。

imp() — 核心导入函数 (已验证正确)

所有 Kenney 模型的 origin 在 min corner (不在中心)。imp() 自动完成：

导入 GLB
计算所有 mesh 顶点的 XY 中心 + Z 底部
创建 parent empty，偏移子物体使模型 XY 居中、Z 底部归零
应用缩放、旋转、定位

def imp(filename, pos=(0,0,0), rot_z=0, sc=None, name=None):
    """Import GLB, center XY, ground Z (bottom at z=0), place at pos."""
    filepath = os.path.join(ASSET_DIR, filename)
    if not os.path.exists(filepath):
        print(f"  ⚠️  Missing: {filename}")
        return None
    before = set(bpy.data.objects)
    bpy.ops.import_scene.gltf(filepath=filepath)
    new_objs = list(set(bpy.data.objects) - before)
    if not new_objs: return None
    coords = []
    for obj in new_objs:
        if obj.type == 'MESH':
            for v in obj.data.vertices:
                coords.append(obj.matrix_world @ v.co)
    if coords:
        cx = (min(c.x for c in coords) + max(c.x for c in coords)) / 2
        cy = (min(c.y for c in coords) + max(c.y for c in coords)) / 2
        cz_min = min(c.z for c in coords)  # ← 关键: Z 底部
    else:
        cx = cy = cz_min = 0
    parent = bpy.data.objects.new(name or filename.replace('.glb',''), None)
    bpy.context.collection.objects.link(parent)
    for obj in new_objs:
        obj.parent = parent
        obj.location.x -= cx
        obj.location.y -= cy
        obj.location.z -= cz_min  # ← 关键: 模型底部贴地
    s = sc or S
    parent.scale = (s, s, s)
    parent.rotation_euler.z = rot_z
    parent.location = pos
    return parent

top_z() — 获取物体顶部高度 (桌面物品必用)

def top_z(obj):
    """Get the world-space top Z coordinate of obj + all children."""
    if obj is None:
        return 0
    coords = []
    for child in [obj] + list(obj.children_recursive):
        if child.type == 'MESH':
            for v in child.data.vertices:
                coords.append((child.matrix_world @ v.co).z)
    return max(coords) if coords else obj.location.z

⚠️ 桌面物品的 Z 坐标必须用 top_z(desk_obj) + 0.01 而不是硬编码 0.384 * S:

desk = imp("desk.glb", pos=(cx, cy, 0), ...)
dh = top_z(desk) + 0.01  # ← 用实际桌面高度，不用常量
imp("computerScreen.glb", pos=(cx, cy, dh), ...)

常用建筑函数

tile_floor — 铺地板

def tile_floor(cx, cy, cols, rows):
    t = S
    x0 = cx - (cols * t) / 2 + t / 2
    y0 = cy - (rows * t) / 2 + t / 2
    for r in range(rows):
        for c in range(cols):
            imp("floorFull.glb", pos=(x0 + c*t, y0 + r*t, 0), name=f"f_{c}_{r}")

wall_row — 砌墙 (支持窗/门)

def wall_row(x0, y0, count, axis='x', windows=None, doors=None):
    windows = windows or set()
    doors = doors or set()
    t = S
    for i in range(count):
        if axis == 'x':
            p = (x0 + i * t, y0, 0); rot = 0
        else:
            p = (x0, y0 + i * t, 0); rot = math.pi / 2
        if i in doors:
            imp("wallDoorway.glb", pos=p, rot_z=rot, name=f"wd_{i}")
        elif i in windows:
            imp("wallWindow.glb", pos=p, rot_z=rot, name=f"ww_{i}")
        else:
            imp("wall.glb", pos=p, rot_z=rot, name=f"w_{i}")

workstation — 完整工位 (使用 top_z)

def workstation(cx, cy, facing=0, idx=0):
    desk = imp("desk.glb", pos=(cx, cy, 0), rot_z=facing, name=f"ws{idx}_desk")
    dh = top_z(desk) + 0.01  # ← 用实际高度!

    # Chair: tight offset (0.45*S, not 0.55*S)
    co = 0.45 * S
    imp("chairDesk.glb",
        pos=(cx - math.sin(facing)*co, cy + math.cos(facing)*co, 0),
        rot_z=facing + math.pi, name=f"ws{idx}_chair")

    # Monitor: close to desk back edge
    mo = 0.18 * S
    imp("computerScreen.glb",
        pos=(cx + math.sin(facing)*mo, cy - math.cos(facing)*mo, dh),
        rot_z=facing + math.pi, name=f"ws{idx}_mon")

    # Keyboard + mouse on desk surface
    imp("computerKeyboard.glb", pos=(cx, cy, dh), rot_z=facing, name=f"ws{idx}_kb")
    mx = cx + math.cos(facing) * 0.15 * S
    my = cy + math.sin(facing) * 0.15 * S
    imp("computerMouse.glb", pos=(mx, my, dh), rot_z=facing, name=f"ws{idx}_ms")
    return desk

partition_row — 内部隔断 (用 wall.glb, 不用 wallHalf)

def partition_row(x0, y0, positions, axis='x', doorways=None):
    """Place partition walls using wall.glb (1.0 unit wide = fills S slot exactly).
    wallHalf was only 0.5 units wide causing gaps — NEVER use wallHalf for partitions.
    """
    doorways = doorways or set()
    for i in positions:
        pos_val = i * S
        if i in doorways:
            if axis == 'x':
                imp("wallDoorway.glb", pos=(pos_val, y0, 0), rot_z=0, name=f"pd_{axis}_{i}")
            else:
                imp("wallDoorway.glb", pos=(x0, pos_val, 0), rot_z=math.pi/2, name=f"pd_{axis}_{i}")
        else:
            if axis == 'x':
                imp("wall.glb", pos=(pos_val, y0, 0), rot_z=0, name=f"ph_{i}")
            else:
                imp("wall.glb", pos=(x0, pos_val, 0), rot_z=math.pi/2, name=f"pv_{i}")

办公室布局约束 (12×12 tile, 24m×24m)

地板范围: -12m ~ +12m (X/Y 两轴)
外墙位置: ±12m
内部隔断: x=0 和 y=0 轴线 (十字分隔)
4 象限: 每象限约 12×12m 可用空间

区域中心推荐坐标 (绝对米数, 不用 *S):
  Hub:    (0, 0)     — 中央十字交汇
  Forge:  (-6, -6)   — 左下 (开发工位区)
  Tower:  (-6, 6)    — 左上 (会议室)
  Court:  (6, 6)     — 右上 (评审室)
  Lounge: (6, -6)    — 右下 (茶歇区)

家具偏移上限: 区域中心 ± 4.5m (确保不超出 ±11m, 留墙厚余量)

区域特征参考 (增强识别度)

区域	必须有	推荐加	地毯
Hub	前台桌 + 接待椅 + 导视熊	低矮展示柜、门垫	rugSquare 大型
Forge	6 工位 (3×2) + 书架	任务板(bookcaseClosedWide)、纸箱、落地灯	rugRectangle 暖色
Tower	圆桌 + 6 椅 + 笔记本	演示电视、宽书架(白板替代)、盆栽	rugRound 蓝色
Court	长桌 + 6 正式椅 + 大屏	观摩长椅、落地灯、书架	rugSquare 正式
Lounge	双沙发对坐 + 咖啡桌	厨房角(咖啡机/冰箱)、吧凳、抱枕、收音机	rugRounded 叠层

相机 & 渲染

# 全景等距相机
bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(28, -28, 26))
cam = bpy.context.active_object
cam.data.type = 'ORTHO'
cam.data.ortho_scale = 36  # 全场景
cam.rotation_euler = (math.radians(60), 0, math.radians(45))
bpy.context.scene.camera = cam

# 近景相机 (检查单区域, 以 Forge 为例)
# bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(-6+18, -6-18, 18))
# cam.data.ortho_scale = 18

# EEVEE 渲染
bpy.context.scene.render.engine = 'BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT'
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 1600
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 1000

GLB 导出 (Blender 4.4)

# 导出前删除相机和灯光 (Three.js 自己管)
for obj in list(bpy.data.objects):
    if obj.type in ('CAMERA', 'LIGHT'):
        bpy.data.objects.remove(obj, do_unlink=True)

bpy.ops.export_scene.gltf(
    filepath="webchat/public/observatory/office.glb",
    export_format='GLB',
    use_selection=False,
    export_apply=True,
    export_materials='EXPORT',
    export_extras=True,
    # ⚠️ Blender 4.4 已移除: export_colors, export_draco_*
)

灯光模板

# 主光 (暖色阳光)
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(8, 8, 15))
sun = bpy.context.active_object
sun.data.energy = 3.0
sun.rotation_euler = (math.radians(55), math.radians(15), math.radians(-30))
sun.data.color = (1.0, 0.97, 0.92)

# 补光 (冷色)
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(-8, -8, 12))
fill = bpy.context.active_object
fill.data.energy = 1.0
fill.rotation_euler = (math.radians(70), 0, math.radians(150))
fill.data.color = (0.85, 0.82, 0.78)

# 区域重点灯 (每个功能区一盏)
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='AREA', location=(zx, zy, 2.4))
al = bpy.context.active_object
al.data.energy = 60
al.data.size = 5
al.data.color = zone_color_tuple  # e.g. (1.0, 0.85, 0.6) for warm

⚠️ 已踩过的坑

坑	原因	正确做法
物件浮空	没有 `z -= cz_min`	imp() 中已修复; 桌面物品用 `top_z(desk)+0.01`
桌面物品浮空	用硬编码 `dh = 0.384*S`	必须用 `top_z(desk_obj) + 0.01`
家具超出边界	区域中心离墙太近	偏移上限 ±4.5m, 诊断脚本检测越界
Blender 4.4 导出报错	已移除参数	不用 `export_colors`、`export_draco_*`
模型重叠	工位间距太小	工位间距 ≥ 3m (col) / 3m (row)
隔断墙有缝隙	`wallHalf` 仅 0.5 单位宽	隔断用 `wall.glb`, 绝不用 `wallHalf`
外墙窗户太多显断裂	12 段 8 窗	位置 0,3,6,9,11 用实墙, 窗 `{1,2,4,5,7,8,10}`
外墙角件不对齐	wallCorner 0.55×0.55	imp() 居中, 放在 `(±HS, ±HS)`
书架穿墙	靠墙物品坐标太大	偏移上限 ±4.5m, 外墙内侧留 0.5m
一次性生成脚本失败	500行无验证	渐进式: edit_file → render → verify → next
AI Review 后批量修改	改了 A 坏了 B	每次只修一个 issue, 验证后改下一个

Kenney 模型尺寸速查 (scale=1, 原点在 min corner)

模型	宽(X) × 深(Y) × 高(Z)	缩放后高度 (S=2)
floorFull	1.0 × 1.0 × 0.05	0.10m (薄片)
wall	1.0 × 0.05 × 1.29	2.58m
wallHalf	1.0 × 0.05 × 0.645	1.29m
wallCorner	0.55 × 0.55 × 1.29	L形角件
desk	0.73 × 0.39 × 0.384	0.77m
deskCorner	0.625 × 0.625 × 0.384	0.77m
chairDesk	0.34 × 0.31 × 0.61	1.22m
computerScreen	0.39 × 0.10 × 0.29	0.58m
tableRound	0.85 × 0.85 × 0.37	0.74m
table	0.73 × 0.39 × 0.37	0.74m
sideTable	0.31 × 0.31 × 0.38	0.76m
sideTableDrawers	0.31 × 0.31 × 0.38	0.76m

缩放规则: S = 2.0 使 Kenney 1 unit ≈ 2m 真实尺寸。

脚本模板 (新场景起点 — Gate 1)

只包含地板 + 外墙 + 角件 + 灯光 + 相机 + 渲染 + 诊断。后续 Gate 通过 edit_file 逐段追加。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Build office scene. Gate 1: Floor + outer walls + corners."""
import bpy, os, math

S = 2.0
ASSET_DIR = "/tmp/kenney-furniture/Models/GLTF format"
PREVIEW_DIR = "/tmp/office-build"
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
OUTPUT_GLB = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, "webchat/public/observatory/office.glb")
os.makedirs(PREVIEW_DIR, exist_ok=True)

bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.object.delete(use_global=False)
for m in bpy.data.meshes: bpy.data.meshes.remove(m)
for m in bpy.data.materials: bpy.data.materials.remove(m)

# ── imp() + top_z() + tile_floor() + wall_row() ──
# (copy from skill reference)

# ── GATE 1: Floor + Walls ──
tile_floor(0, 0, 12, 12)

H = 6
L = -H * S + S / 2
OUTER_WIN = {1,2,4,5,7,8,10}

wall_row(L, -H*S, 12, 'x', windows=OUTER_WIN)
wall_row(L, H*S, 12, 'x', windows=OUTER_WIN)
wall_row(-H*S, L, 12, 'y', windows=OUTER_WIN)
wall_row(H*S, L, 12, 'y', windows=OUTER_WIN - {5,6}, doors={5,6})

imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(-H*S, -H*S, 0), rot_z=0, name="corner_sw")
imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(H*S, -H*S, 0), rot_z=math.pi/2, name="corner_se")
imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(-H*S, H*S, 0), rot_z=-math.pi/2, name="corner_nw")
imp("wallCorner.glb", pos=(H*S, H*S, 0), rot_z=math.pi, name="corner_ne")

# ── GATE 2+ content will be inserted HERE by edit_file ──
# === INSERTION POINT ===

# ── LIGHTING ──
bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(8, 8, 15))
sun = bpy.context.active_object
sun.data.energy = 3.0
sun.rotation_euler = (math.radians(55), math.radians(15), math.radians(-30))
sun.data.color = (1.0, 0.97, 0.92)

bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(-8, -8, 12))
fill = bpy.context.active_object
fill.data.energy = 1.0
fill.rotation_euler = (math.radians(70), 0, math.radians(150))
fill.data.color = (0.85, 0.82, 0.78)

# ── CAMERA + RENDER ──
bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(28, -28, 26))
cam = bpy.context.active_object
cam.data.type = 'ORTHO'
cam.data.ortho_scale = 36
cam.rotation_euler = (math.radians(60), 0, math.radians(45))
bpy.context.scene.camera = cam

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = 'BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT'
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 1600
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 1000

out = os.path.join(PREVIEW_DIR, "gate1-walls.png")
bpy.context.scene.render.filepath = out
bpy.ops.render.render(write_still=True)
print(f"\n✅ Preview: {out}")

# ── DIAGNOSTICS ──
# (copy diagnostic code block from skill reference)

后续 Gate 2 时用 edit_file 把隔断代码插入 === INSERTION POINT === 处:

edit_file(path="scripts/blender/build-office.py",
  old_str="# === INSERTION POINT ===",
  new_str="# ── GATE 2: Partitions ──\n...\n\n# === INSERTION POINT ===")

Kenney 资产完整清单 (134 GLB)

# 地板 (4)
floorFull floorHalf floorCorner floorCornerRound

# 墙壁 (7)
wall wallHalf wallCorner wallCornerRond wallWindow wallWindowSlide wallDoorway wallDoorwayWide

# 门框 (3)
doorway doorwayFront doorwayOpen

# 桌椅 (12)
desk deskCorner table tableCloth tableCross tableCrossCloth tableGlass tableRound
chairDesk chair chairCushion chairRounded chairModernCushion chairModernFrameCushion

# 沙发 (7)
loungeSofa loungeSofaLong loungeSofaCorner loungeSofaOttoman
loungeChair loungeChairRelax loungeDesignChair loungeDesignSofa loungeDesignSofaCorner

# 茶几 (5)
tableCoffee tableCoffeeGlass tableCoffeeSquare tableCoffeeGlassSquare sideTable sideTableDrawers

# 电脑 (4)
computerScreen computerKeyboard computerMouse laptop

# 书架 (5)
bookcaseOpen bookcaseOpenLow bookcaseClosed bookcaseClosedDoors bookcaseClosedWide

# 厨房 (12)
kitchenBar kitchenBarEnd kitchenBlender kitchenCabinet kitchenCabinetCornerInner
kitchenCabinetCornerRound kitchenCabinetDrawer kitchenCabinetUpper
kitchenCabinetUpperCorner kitchenCabinetUpperDouble kitchenCabinetUpperLow
kitchenCoffeeMachine kitchenFridge kitchenFridgeBuiltIn kitchenFridgeLarge
kitchenFridgeSmall kitchenMicrowave kitchenSink kitchenStove kitchenStoveElectric

# 灯具 (6)
lampRoundFloor lampRoundTable lampSquareCeiling lampSquareFloor lampSquareTable lampWall

# 电视 (3)
televisionAntenna televisionModern televisionVintage

# 音响 (3)
speaker speakerSmall radio

# 植物 (4)
pottedPlant plantSmall1 plantSmall2 plantSmall3

# 地毯 (5)
rugRectangle rugRound rugRounded rugSquare rugDoormat

# 吧凳 (2)
stoolBar stoolBarSquare

# 长椅 (3)
bench benchCushion benchCushionLow

# 床 (3)
bedBunk bedDouble bedSingle

# 柜子 (5)
cabinetBed cabinetBedDrawer cabinetBedDrawerTable cabinetTelevision cabinetTelevisionDoors

# 装饰 (10)
bear books cardboardBoxClosed cardboardBoxOpen coatRack coatRackStanding
paneling pillow pillowBlue pillowBlueLong pillowLong toaster trashcan

# 楼梯 (4)
stairs stairsCorner stairsOpen stairsOpenSingle

# 卫浴 (8+)
bathroomCabinet bathroomCabinetDrawer bathroomMirror bathroomSink bathroomSinkSquare
bathtub shower showerRound toilet toiletSquare washer dryer washerDryerStacked

# 其他
ceilingFan hoodLarge hoodModern

已有构建脚本

脚本	用途	分数
`scripts/blender/review-scene.py`	AI 审核 (vision LLM 严格评分)	—
`scripts/blender/test-step8-structure.py`	当前最新: 连续墙壁 + 区域识别 + 走廊装饰	6.8/10 NEEDS_FIX
`scripts/blender/test-step7-polish.py`	密度/平衡优化 (wallHalf 缝隙问题)	—
`scripts/blender/test-step6-fix.py`	对称隔断 + 墙壁对齐修复	—
`scripts/blender/test-step4-full.py`	早期完整构建	8/10
`scripts/blender/test-step1-floor-desk.py`	最小测试: 地板+桌子	—
`scripts/blender/test-step2-room.py`	围合房间+单工位	—
`scripts/blender/test-step3-forge.py`	Forge 区 6 工位	—

blender-scene

More from this repository

More from this repository

Blender Scene Builder Skill

Environment

⚠️ 核心原则：永远不要一次性生成完整脚本

渐进式构建流程 (8 个 Gate)

每个 Gate 的操作模板

运行命令

三个验证工具

1. look_at — 视觉检查 (每步必用)

2. 诊断脚本 — 数值检测 (Gate 3+ 必用)

3. AI Scene Review — 严格审核 (Gate 8 必用)

修复循环 (NEEDS_FIX 时)

imp() — 核心导入函数 (已验证正确)

top_z() — 获取物体顶部高度 (桌面物品必用)

常用建筑函数

tile_floor — 铺地板

wall_row — 砌墙 (支持窗/门)

workstation — 完整工位 (使用 top_z)

partition_row — 内部隔断 (用 wall.glb, 不用 wallHalf)

办公室布局约束 (12×12 tile, 24m×24m)

区域特征参考 (增强识别度)

相机 & 渲染

GLB 导出 (Blender 4.4)

灯光模板

⚠️ 已踩过的坑

Kenney 模型尺寸速查 (scale=1, 原点在 min corner)

脚本模板 (新场景起点 — Gate 1)

Kenney 资产完整清单 (134 GLB)

已有构建脚本

Blender Scene Builder Skill

Environment

⚠️ 核心原则：永远不要一次性生成完整脚本

渐进式构建流程 (8 个 Gate)

每个 Gate 的操作模板

运行命令

三个验证工具

1. look_at — 视觉检查 (每步必用)

2. 诊断脚本 — 数值检测 (Gate 3+ 必用)

3. AI Scene Review — 严格审核 (Gate 8 必用)

修复循环 (NEEDS_FIX 时)

imp() — 核心导入函数 (已验证正确)

top_z() — 获取物体顶部高度 (桌面物品必用)

常用建筑函数

tile_floor — 铺地板

wall_row — 砌墙 (支持窗/门)

workstation — 完整工位 (使用 top_z)

partition_row — 内部隔断 (用 wall.glb, 不用 wallHalf)

办公室布局约束 (12×12 tile, 24m×24m)

区域特征参考 (增强识别度)

相机 & 渲染

GLB 导出 (Blender 4.4)

灯光模板

⚠️ 已踩过的坑

Kenney 模型尺寸速查 (scale=1, 原点在 min corner)

脚本模板 (新场景起点 — Gate 1)

Kenney 资产完整清单 (134 GLB)

已有构建脚本