astro-db

name	astro-db
description	Astro DB — defineDb, defineTable, column types, CRUD with db.select/insert/update/delete, db/config.ts, db/seed.ts, Turso for production, type-safety, integration with Astro Actions. Use for any database operation in an Astro project.

Astro DB

Targets: Astro 7.

Type-safe SQL database built into Astro, powered by libSQL/Turso. Use for structured data without external backend services.

⚠️ Deprecation notice: @astrojs/db is deprecated and no longer actively maintained (still published on npm, currently v0.21.3 — it has not been removed from Astro 7). For new projects, prefer Drizzle, Kysely, or a direct libSQL client instead. Existing projects can keep using it, but should plan a migration.

Agent Workflow (MANDATORY)

Before ANY implementation, spawn 3 parallel agents (Codex spawn_agent):

1. explore-codebase - Check existing db/config.ts, tables, and Actions
2. research-expert - Verify Astro DB API via Context7/Exa
3. Context7 (official docs) - Check Astro 6 DB docs for column types and CRUD

After implementation, run sniper for validation.

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Overview

When to Use

• Storing structured data (comments, users, posts, forms)
• Building full-stack Astro apps without external DB setup
• Combining with Astro Actions for type-safe form handling
• Deploying to production with Turso (libSQL cloud)
• Seeding development data for local testing

Architecture

db/
├── config.ts   # Schema definition (defineDb, defineTable)
└── seed.ts     # Development data seeding

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Core Concepts

Schema Definition

Define tables in db/config.ts using defineDb and defineTable. Export tables for use in pages and actions. Column types: column.text(), column.number(), column.boolean(), column.date(), column.json().

CRUD Operations

Import db and table from astro:db. All operations are async and type-safe based on your schema definition.

Turso for Production

Set ASTRO_DB_REMOTE_URL and ASTRO_DB_APP_TOKEN environment variables. Run astro db push to sync schema to Turso. Use astro db execute to run seed scripts against remote DB.

Actions Integration

Combine with astro:actions for end-to-end type safety: Zod input validation → DB operation → typed response.

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Reference Guide

Concepts

Topic	Reference	When to Consult
Schema Definition	schema-definition.md	Table structure, column types
CRUD Operations	crud-operations.md	select, insert, update, delete
Seed Data	seed-data.md	db/seed.ts, remote seeding
Turso Production	turso-production.md	Deployment, env vars, push
Actions Integration	actions-integration.md	Type-safe form → DB flow

Templates

Template	When to Use
db-config.md	Complete db/config.ts + seed.ts
crud-example.md	Full CRUD with Actions

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Best Practices

1. Export tables from config.ts - Import in pages and actions
2. Use Actions for mutations - Type-safe with Zod validation
3. .returning() after insert - Get back inserted rows
4. Push before deploy - Run astro db push in CI/CD
5. Turso free tier - 500 databases, generous for production
6. New projects: consider Drizzle/Kysely/libSQL instead - @astrojs/db is deprecated and unmaintained; still usable for existing projects, but not recommended as a starting point