public-bidding

name	public-bidding
description	This skill should be used when an architect needs guidance on Taiwan's public open bidding (公開招標) procedures under the Government Procurement Act, including bid preparation, evaluation criteria, threshold amounts, and compliance requirements.
user-invocable	true
metadata	{"class":"C"}

Public Bidding (公開招標)

This skill covers Taiwan's open bidding procedures for public works under the Government Procurement Act (政府採購法). Invoke this skill when preparing bid documents, evaluating procurement opportunities, understanding threshold requirements, or navigating the evaluation and selection process for architectural services in government projects.

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Section 1: Legal Framework

1.1 Governing Legislation

Law	Scope
Government Procurement Act (政府採購法)	Primary procurement law, 114 articles
Enforcement Rules of the Government Procurement Act	Detailed implementation procedures
Regulations for Selection and Fee Calculation of Technical Service Providers (機關委託技術服務廠商評選及計費辦法)	Architect/engineer selection and fee standards
Organization Regulations for Procurement Evaluation Committees (採購評選委員會組織準則)	Evaluation committee structure and procedures

1.2 Procurement Methods

Method	Chinese	Article	When Used
Open Bidding	公開招標	Art. 19	Default method; public notice inviting all qualified suppliers
Selective Bidding	選擇性招標	Art. 20	Pre-qualified supplier list; invitation from qualified pool
Limited Bidding	限制性招標	Art. 22	Specific conditions (sole source, emergency, specialized expertise)

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Section 2: Threshold Amounts

Threshold	Amount (NTD)	Requirements
Below Announcement Threshold	< 1,000,000	Direct contracting or price comparison allowed
Announcement Threshold (公告金額)	≧ 1,000,000	Must publish on Government e-Procurement System
Audit Threshold (查核金額)	≧ 50,000,000	Requires superior agency approval and enhanced review
Large-Scale Procurement (巨額採購)	≧ 200,000,000	International bidding required (WTO/GPA compliance)

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Section 3: Bidding Process for Architectural Services

3.1 Process Flow

1. Opportunity Identification
   └─ Search Government e-Procurement System (政府電子採購網)
   └─ URL: https://web.pcc.gov.tw/

2. Document Acquisition
   └─ Download or purchase tender documents
   └─ Review scope, schedule, budget, evaluation criteria

3. Team Formation
   └─ Lead: Licensed Architect (建築師)
   └─ Structural Engineer (結構技師)
   └─ MEP Engineer (機電技師)
   └─ Other specialists as required

4. Proposal Preparation
   └─ Technical Proposal (服務建議書)
   └─ Fee Proposal (報價單)
   └─ Qualification Documents (資格文件)

5. Submission
   └─ Before deadline (截止投標日)
   └─ Required documents per tender specifications

6. Evaluation
   └─ Presentation to Evaluation Committee (評選委員會)
   └─ Scoring based on published criteria
   └─ Committee: 5-17 members, ≧ 1/3 external experts

7. Negotiation
   └─ Price negotiation with highest-ranked proposer
   └─ If negotiation fails, proceed to next-ranked

8. Contract Award
   └─ Contract execution
   └─ Performance bond: typically 5-10% of contract value

3.2 Evaluation Criteria (Typical)

Criterion	Weight Range	Key Elements
Technical Approach	30-40%	Design methodology, innovation, feasibility
Team Qualifications	20-30%	Experience, certifications, track record
Project Understanding	15-20%	Site analysis, regulatory awareness, risk identification
Schedule	10-15%	Milestone plan, resource allocation
Fee Proposal	10-20%	Reasonableness, value for money

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Section 4: Key Compliance Requirements

4.1 Joint Venture Bidding (共同投標)

• Permitted for large-scale projects requiring multi-disciplinary teams
• Lead firm (代表廠商) must be clearly designated
• Joint and several liability among all members
• Revenue/responsibility split must be defined in agreement

4.2 Subcontracting Restrictions

• Primary services cannot be subcontracted entirely
• Subcontracting limits typically 30-50% of contract value
• Must obtain procuring entity approval for subcontractors
• Architect remains primarily liable regardless of subcontracting

4.3 Performance Guarantee

Item	Typical Requirement
Bid Bond (押標金)	1-5% of budget estimate
Performance Bond (履約保證金)	5-10% of contract value
Warranty Bond (保固保證金)	1-3% of contract value
Warranty Period	1-5 years depending on project type

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Section 5: MCP Tool Integration

# Search Government Procurement Act provisions
taiwan-building-code_search_building_code(query="政府採購法 公開招標")

# Search official interpretations on procurement
taiwan-building-code_search_building_interpretations(query="技術服務 評選")

# Download procurement specifications
pcc-downloader_download_specification(chapter="procurement", keyword="公開招標", format="pdf")

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Section 6: Common Pitfalls

Pitfall	Risk	Mitigation
Incomplete qualification documents	Bid rejection	Use checklist per tender requirements
Underestimating fee proposal	Financial loss during execution	Reference 機關委託技術服務廠商計費標準
Missing submission deadline	Disqualification	Set internal deadline 2 days before official
Non-compliant team composition	Bid rejection	Verify all required licenses before submission
Ignoring site visit requirements	Weak proposal	Attend all mandatory site visits