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Reverse-engineer an external system into two things: a mechanically-verifiable teardown (feature inventory + registry + specs, optionally a security audit) and a steal-map — what to adopt into our surfaces, what to leave behind. The teardown is the evidence; the steal-map is the decision. Separating them works because a decision row that must cite a registry entry can be re-checked by anyone, while a decision made from impressions cannot be re-checked by its own author. The original failure mode this skill exists to prevent: reading a competitor's README and "deciding" from vibes.
Triggers: "reverse-engineer X", "tear down Y", "what should we steal from Z", "evaluate competitor/upstream", "should we fork/adopt/build-native".
⚠️ Constraints — Hard Guardrails (MANDATORY)
Only operate on code/binaries you own or have explicit written authorization to analyze — this matters because unauthorized teardown is the legal/IP line.
Do not provide steps to bypass protections/ToS or to extract proprietary source/system prompts.
Do not output reconstructed proprietary source or embedded prompts (index only; redact in reports) — to prevent reproducing protected IP.
Redact secrets/tokens/keys if encountered; run the secret-scan gate over outputs to prevent credential leakage.
Always separate docs say vs code proves vs hosted/control-plane.
Phase 1 — Mechanical teardown (the script)
Produce evidence, not vibes. The script clones (pinned), scans CLI/config/artifact surface, and writes a feature inventory + machine-checkable registry + spec set.
Binary mode requires --authorized (see Invocation Contract + Self-Test). Use the bundled demo fixture if you lack authorization for a real binary.
Phase 2 — The steal-map (the decision)
Map each capability the teardown found onto our surfaces. This is the part that turns research into a decision. Emit .agents/research/<product>/steal-map.md with a table; every row cites the teardown evidence and the matching surface in our repo.
Their capability
Our surface today
Verdict
<feature>
<our file / skill / CLI, or "none">
have / gap / steal / park / reject
Verdict rules (hard-won — apply them, do not skip):
steal — we lack it and it advances our core. Steal the pattern, not the storage engine: re-express in our primitives, never vendor their runtime.
park — real, but it's substrate we deliberately delegate (e.g. orchestration per ADR-0009) or downstream of an unproven bet. Name it, don't build it.
reject — it conflicts with our doctrine (e.g. a self-reported completion edge where we require a verdict — "no verdict = not done").
have — we already do this; confirm it still holds, move on.
gap — we should have it and don't. These are the steal candidates.
Discipline that makes the map trustworthy:
Independently checked, not self-report. Get facts on how they implement
each capability from code, cross-checked by a fresh reader — never from a
README or one context's summary. Model family is optional metadata, not a
trust requirement.
Probe the real state, don't argue from stale. Re-verify our side against the live tree before calling something a gap; every "X is missing" carries the search that proved it.
The steal is the pattern, not the platform. Their robustness is usually one idea (unification, a gate, a reconcile loop). Steal the idea; leave the scaffolding.
Route one-way-door adoptions into planning
If adopting a steal is a one-way door (an architecture fork, a new bounded
context, or a migration), do not decide it here. Hand the steal-map to Plan.
Dueling Idea Genies or Premortem may challenge the choice as advisory
evidence. Plan alone shapes the selected option in the existing intent source;
neither strategy grants readiness or continuation authority.
Invocation Contract
Required: product_name. Common flags: --mode=repo|binary|both, --upstream-repo, --upstream-ref (pins the clone to a specific commit/tag/branch; the resolved SHA is recorded in clone-metadata.json on any clone), --output-dir (default .agents/research/<product>/), --security-audit, --materialize-archives (authorized-only opt-in; embedded-archive extraction is off/index-only by default), --authorized (mandatory for binary mode — refuses without it). Full list: python3 skills/reverse-engineer/scripts/reverse_engineer.py --help.
Output Specification
Phase-1 teardown under output_dir/: feature-inventory.md, feature-registry.yaml, feature-catalog.md, spec-architecture.md, spec-code-map.md, spec-clone-vs-use.md, spec-clone-mvp.md, plus spec-cli-surface.md only when a CLI is detected and clone-metadata.json only when the script performs a clone (i.e., --upstream-repo is supplied and the target is not already checked out); --upstream-ref pins which commit, it is not what triggers the file. Security mode adds output_dir/security/: threat-model.md, attack-surface.md, dataflow.md, crypto-review.md, authn-authz.md, findings.md, reproducibility.md, validate-security-audit.sh. Phase-2: steal-map.md.
Artifact directory: the exact --output-dir, defaulting to
$REPO/.agents/research/<product>/.
Filename convention: the fixed phase-1 and phase-2 names above; security
files live only in the security/ child directory.
Serialization/schema format: registry is YAML, clone metadata is one JSON
object, and inventories/specs/steal-map are nonempty Markdown files.
Validator command: with $output_dir, $security_audit, $sbom, and
$upstream_ref_set (each flag 0|1) set:
Downstream handoff: give the validated steal-map.md to Plan for
one-way-door candidates; ordinary have, park, and
reject decisions remain evidence-backed terminal rows.
Reproducibility + fixtures
--upstream-ref pins the clone (fetch FETCH_HEAD, record SHA) so contracts can be committed as golden fixtures and diffed across runs. Regression test: bash skills/reverse-engineer/scripts/repo_fixture_test.sh. To update a fixture when contracts legitimately change, re-run with the new pinned ref, copy the contract files into fixtures/<product>/, and commit.
Self-Test (acceptance)
bash skills/reverse-engineer/scripts/self_test.sh
Must show: feature inventory generated, registry generated, registry validator exits 0; in security mode validate-security-audit.sh exits 0 and the secret scan passes.
Examples
Reverse-engineer an OSS CLI (repo mode) → steal-map
Run the skill for cc-sdd with --mode=repo --upstream-repo="https://github.com/gotalab/cc-sdd.git" --upstream-ref=v1.0.0. It clones the pinned source, scans the surface, writes inventory/registry/specs, and maps each feature onto our surfaces (have, gap, steal, park, or reject) in steal-map.md. Supply selected steals to Plan.
Binary analysis with security audit
Run the skill for ao with --authorized --mode=binary --binary-path="$(command -v ao)" --security-audit. It performs authorized static analysis plus the security suite under output_dir/security/; the secret-scan check must pass.
Troubleshooting
Problem
Cause
Solution
Refuses binary analysis
Missing --authorized
Add --authorized (explicit written authorization required).