conducting-malware-incident-response

name	conducting-malware-incident-response
description	Respond to malware infections across enterprise endpoints by identifying the malware family, determining infection vectors, assessing spread, and executing containment, analysis, eradication, and recovery procedures aligned to MITRE ATT&CK. Use when responding to a confirmed or suspected malware infection, including trojan/worm/ransomware outbreaks, malware triage, or infected endpoint remediation.
domain	cybersecurity
subdomain	incident-response
tags	["malware-response","malware-analysis","eradication","endpoint-remediation","MITRE-ATT&CK"]
mitre_attack	["T1204","T1027","T1055","T1059","T1486"]
version	1.0.0
author	mahipal
license	Apache-2.0
d3fend_techniques	["File Metadata Consistency Validation","Application Protocol Command Analysis","Identifier Analysis","Content Format Conversion","Message Analysis"]
nist_csf	["RS.MA-01","RS.MA-02","RS.AN-03","RC.RP-01"]

Conducting Malware Incident Response

When to Use

• EDR or antivirus detects malware execution on one or more endpoints
• A user reports suspicious system behavior indicative of malware infection
• Threat intelligence indicates a malware campaign targeting the organization's industry
• Network monitoring detects beaconing traffic consistent with known malware C2 patterns
• A file detonation in a sandbox returns a malicious verdict

Do not use for analyzing malware samples in a research context; use dedicated malware analysis procedures for reverse engineering.

Prerequisites

• EDR platform with process tree visibility and host isolation capability
• Malware sandbox environment (Cuckoo, ANY.RUN, Joe Sandbox, Hybrid Analysis)
• Access to threat intelligence platforms for malware family identification (VirusTotal, MalwareBazaar)
• Forensic imaging tools for evidence preservation (FTK Imager, KAPE)
• Clean system images or gold images for endpoint rebuild
• MITRE ATT&CK framework reference for technique mapping

Workflow

Step 1: Detect and Confirm Malware Presence

Validate the malware alert and gather initial indicators:

• Review EDR alert details: detection name, file path, hash (SHA-256), process tree
• Check if the detection is a known malware family or generic heuristic detection
• Query the file hash against VirusTotal, MalwareBazaar, and internal threat intelligence
• Examine the process execution chain to determine how the malware was delivered

Detection Summary:
File:        C:\Users\jsmith\AppData\Local\Temp\update.exe
SHA-256:     a1b2c3d4e5f6...
Detection:   CrowdStrike: Malware/Qakbot | VirusTotal: 58/72 engines
Parent:      WINWORD.EXE → cmd.exe → powershell.exe → update.exe
Delivery:    Email attachment (Invoice-Nov2025.docm)
Network:     HTTPS POST to 185.220.101[.]42:443 every 60s
Persistence: Scheduled Task "WindowsUpdate" → update.exe

Step 2: Scope the Infection

Determine how many systems are affected and the malware's propagation method:

• Use EDR to search for the malware hash, filename, and behavioral indicators across all endpoints
• Check for network-based spreading (SMB, WMI, PsExec, exploitation)
• Query email gateway logs for all recipients of the delivery email
• Search for C2 communications to the identified infrastructure from other internal hosts
• Check for persistence mechanisms on all identified infected hosts

Step 3: Contain Infected Systems

Execute containment per the active breach containment procedures: