detecting-insider-data-exfiltration-via-dlp

name	detecting-insider-data-exfiltration-via-dlp
description	Detects insider data exfiltration by analyzing DLP policy violations, file access patterns, upload volume anomalies, and off-hours activity in endpoint and cloud logs. Uses pandas for behavioral analytics and statistical baselines. Use when investigating insider threats or building user behavior analytics for data loss prevention.
domain	cybersecurity
subdomain	security-operations
tags	["insider-threat","data-loss-prevention","dlp","exfiltration-detection","ueba","security-operations"]
version	1.0
author	mahipal
license	Apache-2.0
nist_csf	["DE.CM-01","RS.MA-01","GV.OV-01","DE.AE-02"]
mitre_attack	["T1078","T1190","T1059","T1048","T1041"]

Detecting Insider Data Exfiltration via DLP

When to Use

• When investigating security incidents that require detecting insider data exfiltration via dlp
• When building detection rules or threat hunting queries for this domain
• When SOC analysts need structured procedures for this analysis type
• When validating security monitoring coverage for related attack techniques

Prerequisites

• Familiarity with security operations concepts and tools
• Access to a test or lab environment for safe execution
• Python 3.8+ with required dependencies installed
• Appropriate authorization for any testing activities

Instructions

Analyze endpoint activity logs, cloud storage access, and email DLP events to detect data exfiltration patterns using behavioral baselines and statistical anomaly detection.

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv("file_activity.csv", parse_dates=["timestamp"])
# Baseline: average daily upload volume per user
baseline = df.groupby(["user", df["timestamp"].dt.date])["bytes_transferred"].sum()
user_avg = baseline.groupby("user").mean()

# Alert on users exceeding 3x their baseline
today = df[df["timestamp"].dt.date == pd.Timestamp.today().date()]
today_totals = today.groupby("user")["bytes_transferred"].sum()
anomalies = today_totals[today_totals > user_avg * 3]

Key indicators:

1. Upload volume exceeding 3x daily baseline
2. Access to files outside normal scope
3. Bulk downloads before resignation
4. Off-hours file access patterns
5. USB/external device usage spikes

Examples

# Detect off-hours activity
df["hour"] = df["timestamp"].dt.hour
off_hours = df[(df["hour"] < 6) | (df["hour"] > )]
suspicious = off_hours.groupby().size().sort_values(ascending=)