| name | pdf |
| description | 面向 PDF 的全能工具包,可用于抽取文本与表格、创建新 PDF、合并/拆分文档以及处理表单。当 Claude 需要填写 PDF 表单,或要批量处理、生成、分析 PDF 文件时请使用本技能。 |
| license | 专有许可。完整条款见 LICENSE.txt |
PDF 处理指南
概览
本指南介绍如何使用 Python 库与命令行工具完成核心 PDF 操作。若需高级功能、JavaScript 库或更详细示例,请查阅 reference.md。若要填写 PDF 表单,请阅读 forms.md 并严格遵循其中的说明。
快速上手
from pypdf import PdfReader, PdfWriter
reader = PdfReader("document.pdf")
print(f"Pages: {len(reader.pages)}")
text = ""
for page in reader.pages:
text += page.extract_text()
Python 库
pypdf —— 基础操作
合并 PDF
from pypdf import PdfWriter, PdfReader
writer = PdfWriter()
for pdf_file in ["doc1.pdf", "doc2.pdf", "doc3.pdf"]:
reader = PdfReader(pdf_file)
for page in reader.pages:
writer.add_page(page)
with open("merged.pdf", "wb") as output:
writer.write(output)
拆分 PDF
reader = PdfReader("input.pdf")
for i, page in enumerate(reader.pages):
writer = PdfWriter()
writer.add_page(page)
with open(f"page_{i+1}.pdf", "wb") as output:
writer.write(output)
抽取元数据
reader = PdfReader("document.pdf")
meta = reader.metadata
print(f"Title: {meta.title}")
print(f"Author: {meta.author}")
print(f"Subject: {meta.subject}")
print(f"Creator: {meta.creator}")
旋转页面
reader = PdfReader("input.pdf")
writer = PdfWriter()
page = reader.pages[0]
page.rotate(90)
writer.add_page(page)
with open("rotated.pdf", "wb") as output:
writer.write(output)
pdfplumber —— 文本与表格抽取
抽取保留排版的文本
import pdfplumber
with pdfplumber.open("document.pdf") as pdf:
for page in pdf.pages:
text = page.extract_text()
print(text)
抽取表格
with pdfplumber.open("document.pdf") as pdf:
for i, page in enumerate(pdf.pages):
tables = page.extract_tables()
for j, table in enumerate(tables):
print(f"Table {j+1} on page {i+1}:")
for row in table:
print(row)
高级表格抽取
import pandas as pd
with pdfplumber.open("document.pdf") as pdf:
all_tables = []
for page in pdf.pages:
tables = page.extract_tables()
for table in tables:
if table:
df = pd.DataFrame(table[1:], columns=table[0])
all_tables.append(df)
if all_tables:
combined_df = pd.concat(all_tables, ignore_index=True)
combined_df.to_excel("extracted_tables.xlsx", index=False)
reportlab —— 创建 PDF
基础 PDF 创建
from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import letter
from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas
c = canvas.Canvas("hello.pdf", pagesize=letter)
width, height = letter
c.drawString(100, height - 100, "Hello World!")
c.drawString(100, height - 120, "This is a PDF created with reportlab")
c.line(100, height - 140, 400, height - 140)
c.save()
创建多页 PDF
from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import letter
from reportlab.platypus import SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, PageBreak
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet
doc = SimpleDocTemplate("report.pdf", pagesize=letter)
styles = getSampleStyleSheet()
story = []
title = Paragraph("Report Title", styles['Title'])
story.append(title)
story.append(Spacer(1, 12))
body = Paragraph("This is the body of the report. " * 20, styles['Normal'])
story.append(body)
story.append(PageBreak())
story.append(Paragraph("Page 2", styles['Heading1']))
story.append(Paragraph("Content for page 2", styles['Normal']))
doc.build(story)
命令行工具
pdftotext(poppler-utils)
pdftotext input.pdf output.txt
pdftotext -layout input.pdf output.txt
pdftotext -f 1 -l 5 input.pdf output.txt
qpdf
qpdf --empty --pages file1.pdf file2.pdf -- merged.pdf
qpdf input.pdf --pages . 1-5 -- pages1-5.pdf
qpdf input.pdf --pages . 6-10 -- pages6-10.pdf
qpdf input.pdf output.pdf --rotate=+90:1
qpdf --password=mypassword --decrypt encrypted.pdf decrypted.pdf
pdftk(如环境可用)
pdftk file1.pdf file2.pdf cat output merged.pdf
pdftk input.pdf burst
pdftk input.pdf rotate 1east output rotated.pdf
常见任务
抽取扫描 PDF 的文本
import pytesseract
from pdf2image import convert_from_path
images = convert_from_path('scanned.pdf')
text = ""
for i, image in enumerate(images):
text += f"Page {i+1}:\n"
text += pytesseract.image_to_string(image)
text += "\n\n"
print(text)
添加水印
from pypdf import PdfReader, PdfWriter
watermark = PdfReader("watermark.pdf").pages[0]
reader = PdfReader("document.pdf")
writer = PdfWriter()
for page in reader.pages:
page.merge_page(watermark)
writer.add_page(page)
with open("watermarked.pdf", "wb") as output:
writer.write(output)
抽取图片
pdfimages -j input.pdf output_prefix
设置密码保护
from pypdf import PdfReader, PdfWriter
reader = PdfReader("input.pdf")
writer = PdfWriter()
for page in reader.pages:
writer.add_page(page)
writer.encrypt("userpassword", "ownerpassword")
with open("encrypted.pdf", "wb") as output:
writer.write(output)
快速参考表
| 任务 | 最佳工具 | 命令 / 代码 |
|---|
| 合并 PDF | pypdf | writer.add_page(page) |
| 拆分 PDF | pypdf | 每页生成一个文件 |
| 抽取文本 | pdfplumber | page.extract_text() |
| 抽取表格 | pdfplumber | page.extract_tables() |
| 创建 PDF | reportlab | Canvas 或 Platypus |
| 命令行合并 | qpdf | qpdf --empty --pages ... |
| OCR 扫描件 | pytesseract | 需先转成图像 |
| 填写 PDF 表单 | pdf-lib 或 pypdf(见 forms.md) | 参阅 forms.md |
后续步骤
- 进阶 pypdfium2 用法请参阅 reference.md
- 若要使用 JavaScript 库(pdf-lib),请参阅 reference.md
- 如需填写 PDF 表单,请严格按照 forms.md 操作
- 排障指南亦汇总于 reference.md