performing-endpoint-vulnerability-remediation

Performs vulnerability remediation on endpoints by prioritizing CVEs based on risk scoring, deploying patches, applying configuration changes, and validating fixes. Use when remediating findings from vulnerability scans, responding to critical CVE advisories, or maintaining endpoint compliance with patch management SLAs. Activates for requests involving vulnerability remediation, CVE patching, endpoint vulnerability management, or security fix deployment.

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Repositorio: autohandai/community-skills
Última actividad en el origen: 16 de marzo de 2026 a las 00:59
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name	performing-endpoint-vulnerability-remediation
description	Performs vulnerability remediation on endpoints by prioritizing CVEs based on risk scoring, deploying patches, applying configuration changes, and validating fixes. Use when remediating findings from vulnerability scans, responding to critical CVE advisories, or maintaining endpoint compliance with patch management SLAs. Activates for requests involving vulnerability remediation, CVE patching, endpoint vulnerability management, or security fix deployment.
domain	cybersecurity
subdomain	endpoint-security
tags	["endpoint","vulnerability-management","patching","CVE","remediation","CVSS"]
version	1.0.0
author	mahipal
license	Apache-2.0

Performing Endpoint Vulnerability Remediation

When to Use

Use this skill when:

Remediating vulnerabilities identified by scanners (Nessus, Qualys, Rapid7)
Responding to zero-day CVE advisories requiring immediate patching
Maintaining compliance with patch management SLAs (critical within 14 days, high within 30 days)
Building a prioritized remediation plan from vulnerability scan results

Do not use this skill for vulnerability scanning itself (use scanning tools) or for application-layer vulnerability remediation (use DevSecOps processes).

Prerequisites

Vulnerability scan results (Nessus, Qualys, or Rapid7 export in CSV/XML format)
Patch management platform (WSUS, SCCM, Intune, or third-party like Automox)
Administrative access to target endpoints or deployment infrastructure
Change management process for production endpoint patching
Testing environment for patch validation before production rollout

Workflow

Step 1: Import and Prioritize Vulnerability Findings

Priority scoring combines:
1. CVSS Base Score (0-10)
2. EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) - probability of exploitation
3. CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities) catalog membership
4. Asset criticality (business impact of affected endpoint)
5. Network exposure (internet-facing vs. internal)

Priority Matrix:
  P1 (Critical - 14 days SLA):
    - CVSS >= 9.0 OR
    - Listed in CISA KEV OR
    - Active exploitation in the wild + CVSS >= 7.0

  P2 (High - 30 days SLA):
    - CVSS 7.0-8.9 AND
    - EPSS > 0.5 (50% probability of exploitation)

  P3 (Medium - 60 days SLA):
    - CVSS 4.0-6.9 OR
    - CVSS 7.0-8.9 with EPSS < 0.1

  P4 (Low - 90 days SLA):
    - CVSS < 4.0 AND
    - No known exploit

Step 2: Identify Remediation Actions

For each vulnerability, determine the appropriate remediation:

Remediation Types:
1. Patch: Apply vendor security update (most common)
2. Configuration change: Modify settings to mitigate (registry, GPO)
3. Upgrade: Update to newer software version
4. Workaround: Apply temporary mitigation when patch unavailable
5. Compensating control: Network segmentation, WAF rule, EDR rule
6. Accept risk: Document accepted risk with CISO sign-off

Step 3: Deploy Patches via WSUS/SCCM

# WSUS: Approve patches for deployment
# 1. Open WSUS Console
# 2. Navigate to Updates → Security Updates
# 3. Approve selected KBs for target computer groups

# SCCM: Create Software Update Group
# 1. Software Library → Software Updates → All Software Updates
# 2. Select required KBs → Create Software Update Group
# 3. Deploy to target collection with maintenance window

# Intune: Create Windows Update Ring
# Devices → Windows → Update rings
# Configure: Quality updates deferral = 0 days (for critical)
# Feature updates deferral = per policy

# PowerShell: Force Windows Update check
Install-Module PSWindowsUpdate -Force
Get-WindowsUpdate -KBArticleID "KB5034441" -Install -AcceptAll -AutoReboot

# Verify patch installation
Get-HotFix -Id "KB5034441"
systeminfo | findstr "KB5034441"

# Example: Disable SMBv1 (CVE-2017-0144 - EternalBlue)
Set-SmbServerConfiguration -EnableSMB1Protocol $false -Force
Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName SMB1Protocol -NoRestart

# Example: Disable Print Spooler on non-print servers (CVE-2021-34527 - PrintNightmare)
Stop-Service -Name Spooler -Force
Set-Service -Name Spooler -StartupType Disabled

# Example: Disable LLMNR (credential theft mitigation)
# Via GPO: Computer Configuration → Admin Templates → Network → DNS Client
# Turn off multicast name resolution: Enabled
New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\DNSClient" `
  -Name EnableMulticast -Value 0 -PropertyType DWORD -Force

# Example: Restrict NTLM authentication
# Via GPO: Security Settings → Local Policies → Security Options
# Network security: Restrict NTLM: Audit/Deny

When vendor patch is not yet available:

1. Check vendor advisory for workarounds
   - Microsoft: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide
   - Adobe: https://helpx.adobe.com/security.html
   - Linux: Distribution security trackers

2. Apply temporary mitigations:
   - Disable vulnerable feature/service
   - Deploy EDR detection rule for exploitation attempt
   - Apply network-level blocking (WAF/firewall rules)
   - Restrict access to vulnerable application

3. Monitor for patch release:
   - Subscribe to vendor security mailing list
   - Monitor CISA KEV additions
   - Set calendar reminder for next Patch Tuesday

4. Document workaround with expiration date

# Re-scan remediated endpoints to confirm vulnerability closure
# Option 1: Targeted vulnerability scan
nessuscli scan --target 192.168.1.0/24 --plugin-id 12345

# Option 2: PowerShell verification
# Check specific KB is installed
$kb = Get-HotFix -Id "KB5034441" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if ($kb) {
    Write-Host "PASS: KB5034441 installed on $(hostname)" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    Write-Host "FAIL: KB5034441 missing on $(hostname)" -ForegroundColor Red
}

# Check service is disabled
$svc = Get-Service -Name Spooler
if ($svc.StartType -eq 'Disabled') {
    Write-Host "PASS: Print Spooler disabled" -ForegroundColor Green
}

# Check registry configuration
$val = Get-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters" `
  -Name SMB1 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if ($val.SMB1 -eq 0) {
    Write-Host "PASS: SMBv1 disabled" -ForegroundColor Green
}

Remediation Metrics:
  - Total vulnerabilities: X
  - Remediated: Y (Z%)
  - Pending (within SLA): A
  - Overdue (past SLA): B
  - Accepted risk: C
  - Mean time to remediate (MTTR): D days
  - SLA compliance rate: E%

Term	Definition
CVSS	Common Vulnerability Scoring System; 0-10 severity scale for vulnerabilities
EPSS	Exploit Prediction Scoring System; probability (0-1) that a CVE will be exploited in the wild within 30 days
CISA KEV	CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; federal mandate to patch these CVEs within specified timeframes
SLA	Service Level Agreement for remediation timelines based on vulnerability severity
MTTR	Mean Time To Remediate; average days from vulnerability discovery to confirmed fix
Compensating Control	Alternative security measure when direct remediation is not feasible