world-cup-2026-navigator

name

world-cup-2026-navigator

description

Expert navigator for the OpenLink FIFA World Cup Knowledge Graph and RDF ontology (https://www.openlinksw.com/ontology/fifa#). Use this skill whenever an agent needs to write SPARQL queries against FIFA World Cup knowledge graph data, look up correct property URIs, understand class hierarchies, interpret numeric coded values (card types, match periods, event types, positions, tactics), design query patterns for matches, players, teams, goals, bookings, substitutions, lineups, weather, rankings, analytics metrics, match officials, referees, country/nationality data, FIFA power rankings, win probability, expected goals (xG), pitch control, goalkeeper saves, or the power rankings named graph (urn:fifa:powerrankings). Trigger this skill for ANY FIFA ontology or KG query-writing task, even if the user just says "write a SPARQL for FIFA data", "how do I query goals/players/match events", "show me analytics for a team", "compare player distances run", "possession stats", "pressing intensity", "query match analytics reports", "who refereed a match", "list officials by role", "find players by country", "FIFA world rankings", "power rankings", "win probability", "xG", "expected goals", "pitch control", "goalkeeper stats", or "query urn:fifa:powerrankings".

World Cup Knowledge Graph Navigator

Namespace Prefixes

Always declare these prefixes at the top of every SPARQL query:

PREFIX fifa:      <https://www.openlinksw.com/ontology/fifa#>
PREFIX position:  <https://fifa.com/position#>
PREFIX positionSide: <https://fifa.com/positionSide#>
PREFIX rdfs:      <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd:       <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

For ontology metadata queries also declare:

PREFIX dc:     <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX cc:     <http://creativecommons.org/ns#>
PREFIX owl:    <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX prov:   <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#>

Full namespace URIs (for reference):

Prefix	Full URI	Used for
fifa:	https://www.openlinksw.com/ontology/fifa#	All classes, most properties
position:	https://fifa.com/position#	Position instances (0=GK, 1=DEF, 2=MID, 3=FWD)
positionSide:	https://fifa.com/positionSide#	Position side instances (1=right, 2=center, 3=left)
dc:	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/	Ontology metadata (creator)
cc:	http://creativecommons.org/ns#	Ontology license (CC-BY-SA 3.0)
prov:	http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#	PROV-O (prov:wasDerivedFrom)

---

Named Graphs

Graph	Contents
urn:worldcup:kg:2026	Main graph: competition, season, stage, group, team, player, squad, match, stadium, coach, staff, officials, lineup, goals, bookings, substitutions, timeline events, head-to-head analysis
urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics	Temporal snapshots: fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport, fifa:PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport, fifa:PlayerPowerRanking. Each call appends a timestamped report.
urn:worldcup:kg:past-matches	Historical matches from the H2H API not in the 2026 season graph. Same fifa:Match structure as the main graph.
urn:fifa:powerrankings	Temporal snapshots of the FIFA/Coca-Cola world ranking (fifa:PowerRanking), one per team. Also holds fifa:Confederation, fifa:Gender, and team stub nodes. Self-contained graph.

When writing SPARQL, always specify the graph with FROM <graph-iri> or GRAPH <graph-iri> { } unless you want to query all graphs (which can cause duplicates if the same match IRI appears in both the main and analytics graphs).

---

SPARQL Endpoint

Default endpoint: https://demo.openlinksw.com/sparql

Use this endpoint for all queries against the FIFA World Cup Knowledge Graph unless the user specifies otherwise.

Example curl:

curl -s -G "https://demo.openlinksw.com/sparql" \
  -H "Accept: application/sparql-results+json" \
  --data-urlencode "query=<SPARQL_QUERY>"

Example SPASQL via execute_spasql_query:

sql: SPARQL <SPARQL_QUERY>

Set the default-graph-uri parameter to a named graph IRI when needed.

---

Ontology Metadata

<https://www.openlinksw.com/ontology/fifa#> rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
    rdfs:label "FIFA World Cup Ontology" ;
    dc:creator <https://github.com/danielhmills/#this> ;
    cc:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/> .

License: CC-BY-SA 3.0.

---

Class Reference

Class	URI	Notes
Competition	fifa:Competition	e.g. FIFA World Cup
Season	fifa:Season	A season/edition of a competition (e.g. 2022 World Cup)
Stage	fifa:Stage	Group stage, Round of 16, Final, etc.
Group	fifa:Group	Groups A–H within a stage
Match	fifa:Match	Central hub — connects everything
Team	fifa:Team	National teams
Player	fifa:Player	Individual players
Stadium	fifa:Stadium	Venue
City	fifa:City	Host city
Goal	fifa:Goal	A goal event; subclass of fifa:MatchEvent
Booking	fifa:Booking	Yellow/red card event
Substitution	fifa:Substitution	Player swap event
GoalType	fifa:GoalType	Controlled vocabulary for goal types (penalty, regular, own)
CardType	fifa:CardType	Controlled vocabulary for card types
MatchPeriod	fifa:MatchPeriod	Controlled vocabulary for match periods
PlayerMatchAppearance	fifa:PlayerMatchAppearance	Lineup slot for a player in a match
MatchEvent	fifa:MatchEvent	Abstract base class for all timeline events
Foul	fifa:Foul	Subclass of MatchEvent — fouls and disciplinary events
SetPiece	fifa:SetPiece	Subclass of MatchEvent — free kicks, corners, throw-ins
EventQualifier	fifa:EventQualifier	Supplementary annotation attached to a match event — spatial coordinates, jersey numbers, injured-player refs, cross-event links
Coach	fifa:Coach	Team coach
CoachRole	fifa:CoachRole	Coded role held by a coach (Head Coach, Assistant Coach)
Staff	fifa:Staff	Non-playing technical/support staff member — can appear on fifa:Booking
StaffRole	fifa:StaffRole	Coded role held by a staff member
CoachAssignment	fifa:CoachAssignment	Coach ↔ Match link
StaffAssignment	fifa:StaffAssignment	Staff ↔ Match link
Official	fifa:Official	A match official (referee, assistant, etc.)
OfficialAssignment	fifa:OfficialAssignment	Official ↔ Match assignment record
OfficialType	fifa:OfficialType	Named class for role taxonomy (Referee, VAR, etc.)
Country	fifa:Country	Country/football association — nationality of teams, players, officials
Tactic	fifa:Tactic	Formation (e.g. 4-3-3)
Weather	fifa:Weather	Match weather data
BallPossession	fifa:BallPossession	Possession % per match
WorldRanking	fifa:WorldRanking	Team ranking snapshot at a point in time
PowerRanking	fifa:PowerRanking	Timestamped FIFA/Coca-Cola world ranking snapshot per team. Lives in urn:fifa:powerrankings.
SquadMembership	fifa:SquadMembership	Team ↔ Player during a specific season
TeamMembership	fifa:TeamMembership	Player ↔ Team with temporal bounds
MatchAnalyticsReport	fifa:MatchAnalyticsReport	Abstract base for analytics reports
TeamMatchAnalyticsReport	fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport	Per-team analytics report for a match (urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics)
PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport	fifa:PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport	Per-player analytics report for a match (urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics)
PlayerPowerRanking	fifa:PlayerPowerRanking	Timestamped player in-match performance ranking snapshot (urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics)
HeadToHeadAnalysis	fifa:HeadToHeadAnalysis	H2H stats between two teams for a match
Organization	fifa:Organization	Governing/organizational body
Confederation	fifa:Confederation	Continental confederation (UEFA, CONMEBOL, etc.); subClassOf fifa:Organization
Gender	fifa:Gender	Gender category (instances: fifa:Male, fifa:Female)
AnalyticsMetricProperty	fifa:AnalyticsMetricProperty	Meta-class tagging all analytics datatype properties

---

The Match Node — Query Hub

fifa:Match is the central node. Nearly all interesting data hangs off it:

fifa:Match
  ├── fifa:homeTeam / fifa:awayTeam              → fifa:Team
  ├── fifa:homeTeamScore / fifa:awayTeamScore    → xsd:integer
  ├── fifa:winner                                → fifa:Team
  ├── fifa:date / fifa:localDate                 → xsd:dateTime
  ├── fifa:attendance                            → xsd:integer
  ├── fifa:stadium                               → fifa:Stadium
  ├── fifa:stage                                 → fifa:Stage
  ├── fifa:season                                → fifa:Season
  ├── fifa:competition                           → fifa:Competition
  ├── fifa:group                                 → fifa:Group
  ├── fifa:homeTeamTactics / fifa:awayTeamTactics → fifa:Tactic
  ├── fifa:weather                               → fifa:Weather
  ├── fifa:ballPossession                        → fifa:BallPossession
  ├── fifa:hasGoal                               → fifa:Goal
  ├── fifa:hasBooking                            → fifa:Booking
  ├── fifa:hasSubstitution                       → fifa:Substitution
  ├── fifa:hasPlayerAppearance                   → fifa:PlayerMatchAppearance
  ├── fifa:hasCoach                              → fifa:CoachAssignment
  ├── fifa:hasStaffAssignment                    → fifa:StaffAssignment
  ├── fifa:hasOfficial                           → fifa:Official  (direct person node)
  ├── fifa:hasOfficialAssignment                 → fifa:OfficialAssignment
  ├── fifa:hasHeadToHeadAnalysis                 → fifa:HeadToHeadAnalysis
  ├── fifa:hasNewsArticle                        → schema:NewsArticle (FIFA Plus articles)
  ├── fifa:hasEvent                              → fifa:MatchEvent
  │                                                  ├── fifa:hasQualifier → fifa:EventQualifier
  │                                                  ├── fifa:Goal      (subclass)
  │                                                  ├── fifa:Foul      (subclass)
  │                                                  └── fifa:SetPiece  (subclass)
  ├── fifa:hasTeamAnalyticsReport                → fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport
  └── fifa:hasPlayerAnalyticsReport              → fifa:PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport

Inferred match probability properties (derived via SPIN rules in wc2026_power_ranking_inference.sql):

Property	Description
fifa:homeTeamWinProbabilityByFifaRank	Home-team win probability (0–100 %) via Elo logistic: 1/(1+10^((awayPts-homePts)/600))
fifa:awayTeamWinProbabilityByFifaRank	Away-team win probability: 1/(1+10^((homePts-awayPts)/600))
fifa:homeTeamLossProbabilityByFifaRank	Home-team loss probability = away win probability
fifa:awayTeamLossProbabilityByFifaRank	Away-team loss probability = home win probability

---

PowerRanking — FIFA/Coca-Cola World Rankings

Named Graph

All fifa:PowerRanking data lives in urn:fifa:powerrankings. The graph is self-contained and also holds fifa:Confederation, fifa:Gender, and team stub nodes.

IRI Pattern

http://demo.openlinksw.com/fifa-kg#powerranking-{teamId}-{genTs}

{genTs} = ingestion timestamp (yyyymmddTHHMMSS).

PowerRanking Properties

Property	Type	Range	Notes
fifa:hasTeam	Object	fifa:Team	The team described
fifa:hasConfederation	Object	fifa:Confederation	The team's confederation
fifa:gender	Object	fifa:Gender	fifa:Male or fifa:Female
fifa:rank	Datatype	xsd:integer	Ranking position in this snapshot
fifa:prevRank	Datatype	xsd:integer	Previous ranking position
fifa:rankingMovement	Datatype	xsd:integer	Net change (positive = moved up)
fifa:ratedMatches	Datatype	xsd:integer	Matches counted towards ranking
fifa:totalPoints	Datatype	xsd:decimal	Ranking points total
fifa:prevPoints	Datatype	xsd:decimal	Previous ranking points
fifa:generatedAt	Datatype	xsd:dateTime	Ingestion timestamp

A new snapshot is recorded only when a team's rated-match count or rank changes — to avoid redundant data. Use MAX(fifa:generatedAt) to retrieve the latest snapshot for each team.

PowerRanking Query Pattern

PREFIX fifa: <https://www.openlinksw.com/ontology/fifa#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT ?team ?teamName ?confederation ?rank ?rankingMovement ?totalPoints ?generatedAt
WHERE {
  GRAPH <urn:fifa:powerrankings> {
    ?snapshot a fifa:PowerRanking ;
              fifa:hasTeam ?team ;
              fifa:hasConfederation ?confederation ;
              fifa:rank ?rank ;
              fifa:rankingMovement ?rankingMovement ;
              fifa:totalPoints ?totalPoints ;
              fifa:generatedAt ?generatedAt .
    ?team rdfs:label ?teamName .
    # Restrict to latest snapshot per team
    {
      SELECT ?team (MAX(?gen) AS ?generatedAt)
      WHERE {
        GRAPH <urn:fifa:powerrankings> {
          ?r a fifa:PowerRanking ; fifa:hasTeam ?team ; fifa:generatedAt ?gen .
        }
      }
      GROUP BY ?team
    }
  }
}
ORDER BY ?rank
LIMIT 50

---

Analytics Reports

Class Hierarchy

fifa:MatchAnalyticsReport  (abstract base)
  ├── fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport    — one report per team per match
  └── fifa:PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport  — one report per player per match

Both live in urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics. Both share the same pool of fifa:AnalyticsMetricProperty datatype properties (all xsd:decimal). Each report carries fifa:generatedAt (xsd:dateTime) for temporal versioning.

Accessing Analytics Reports

# Team-level analytics (from analytics graph)
?match fifa:hasTeamAnalyticsReport ?report .
?report fifa:match ?match ; fifa:team ?team ; fifa:generatedAt ?generatedAt .

# Player-level analytics
?match fifa:hasPlayerAnalyticsReport ?report .
?report fifa:match ?match ; fifa:player ?player ; fifa:generatedAt ?generatedAt .

Discovering Available Metrics

SELECT ?prop ?label WHERE {
  ?prop rdf:type fifa:AnalyticsMetricProperty ;
        rdfs:label ?label .
}
ORDER BY ?label

Analytics Metric Properties

All have domain fifa:MatchAnalyticsReport, range xsd:decimal. Use OPTIONAL for every metric — not all reports populate every field.

Shooting & Goals

Property	Description
fifa:goals	Goals scored
fifa:goalsConceded	Goals conceded
fifa:goalsConcededFromAttemptAtGoalAgainst	Goals conceded from opponent shots
fifa:goalsFromDirectFreeKicks	Goals from direct free kicks
fifa:goalsInsideThePenaltyArea	Goals scored inside the box
fifa:goalsOutsideThePenaltyArea	Goals scored outside the box
fifa:ownGoals	Own goals
fifa:xG	Expected goals — probability-weighted sum of chances
fifa:attemptAtGoal	Total attempts at goal
fifa:attemptAtGoalAgainst	Opponent attempts at goal
fifa:attemptAtGoalAgainstOnTarget	Opponent attempts on target
fifa:attemptAtGoalBlocked	Attempts blocked
fifa:attemptAtGoalOnTarget	Attempts on target
fifa:attemptAtGoalOffTarget	Attempts off target
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromFreeKicks	Attempts from free kicks
fifa:attemptAtGoalInsideThePenaltyArea	Attempts from inside the box
fifa:attemptAtGoalInsideThePenaltyAreaOnTarget	Attempts from inside box on target
fifa:attemptAtGoalOutsideThePenaltyArea	Attempts from outside the box
fifa:attemptAtGoalOutsideThePenaltyAreaOnTarget	Attempts from outside box on target
fifa:headedAttemptAtGoal	Headed attempts
fifa:penalties	Penalties awarded
fifa:penaltiesScored	Penalties scored
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromBallProgression	Attempts from ball progressions
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromCorner	Attempts from corners
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromCross	Attempts from crosses
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromPass	Attempts from passes
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromPenalty	Attempts taken as penalty kicks
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromRebound	Attempts from rebounds
fifa:attemptAtGoalFromOther	Attempts from other / uncategorised

Passing & Ball Control

Property	Description
fifa:passes	Total passes attempted
fifa:passesCompleted	Passes completed
fifa:possession	Ball possession %
fifa:crosses	Crosses attempted
fifa:crossesCompleted	Crosses completed
fifa:assists	Assists
fifa:attemptedBallProgressions	Ball progressions attempted
fifa:completedBallProgressions	Ball progressions completed
fifa:attemptedSwitchesOfPlay	Switches of play attempted
fifa:completedSwitchesOfPlay	Switches of play completed
fifa:distributionsUnderPressure	Distributions under pressure
fifa:distributionsCompletedUnderPressure	Distributions completed under pressure
fifa:takeOnsCompleted	Take-ons (dribbles) completed
fifa:numberOfInvolvements	Touches/actions in possession sequences
fifa:numberOfPossessionSequences	Total distinct possession sequences
fifa:numberOfShotEndingSequences	Possession sequences ending with a shot
fifa:ballRecoveryTime	Avg time to recover ball after losing possession

Threat & Pitch Control

Property	Description
fifa:threat	FIFA Expected Threat (xT) — value of on-ball actions moving toward goal
fifa:pitchControl	Overall share of pitch controlled (by player positions/reachability)
fifa:finalThirdPitchControl	Pitch control share in the attacking final third

Defensive

Property	Description
fifa:defensivePressuresApplied	Defensive pressures applied
fifa:directDefensivePressuresApplied	Direct defensive pressures
fifa:forcedTurnovers	Turnovers forced
fifa:foulsFor	Fouls won
fifa:foulsAgainst	Fouls committed
fifa:yellowCards	Yellow cards (analytics count)
fifa:redCards	Red cards (analytics count)
fifa:directRedCards	Straight red cards (not from second caution)
fifa:indirectRedCards	Red cards from second yellow card
fifa:offsides	Offsides
fifa:goalkeeperDefensiveActionsInsidePenaltyArea	GK actions inside box
fifa:goalkeeperDefensiveActionsOutsidePenaltyArea	GK actions outside box
fifa:goalkeeperGoalPreventions	GK goal preventions
fifa:goalkeeperSaves	Total saves made by the goalkeeper
fifa:goalkeeperSavesOnTarget	Saves against on-target attempts
fifa:goalkeeperSavePercentage	% of on-target attempts saved
fifa:cleanSheets	Matches completed without conceding

Set Pieces

Property	Description
fifa:corners	Corners
fifa:freeKicks	Free kicks
fifa:directFreeKicks	Direct free kicks
fifa:indirectFreeKicks	Indirect free kicks
fifa:goalKicks	Goal kicks
fifa:throwIns	Throw-ins

Linebreaks & Progressions

Property	Description
fifa:linebreaksAttempted	Linebreaks attempted
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedCompleted	Linebreaks completed
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAllLines	Linebreaks attempted across all lines
fifa:linebreaksCompletedAllLines	Linebreaks completed across all lines
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAttackingLine	vs. attacking line (combined)
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAttackingLineCompleted	vs. attacking line completed (combined)
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAttackingLineOnly	vs. attacking line only
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAttackingLineCompletedOnly	vs. attacking line only, completed
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedMidfieldLine	vs. midfield line (combined)
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedMidfieldLineCompleted	vs. midfield line completed (combined)
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedMidfieldLineOnly	vs. midfield line only
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedMidfieldLineCompletedOnly	vs. midfield line only, completed
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedDefensiveLine	vs. defensive line (combined)
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedDefensiveLineCompleted	vs. defensive line completed (combined)
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedDefensiveLineOnly	vs. defensive line only
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedDefensiveLineCompletedOnly	vs. defensive line only, completed
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAttackingAndMidfieldLine	vs. attacking + midfield lines
fifa:linebreaksCompletedAttackingAndMidfieldLine	vs. attacking + midfield completed
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedMidfieldAndDefensiveLine	vs. midfield + defensive lines
fifa:linebreaksCompletedMidfieldAndDefensiveLine	vs. midfield + defensive completed
fifa:linebreaksAttemptedUnderPressure	Linebreaks under pressure
fifa:linebreaksCompletedUnderPressure	Linebreaks under pressure completed

Receptions & Offers to Receive

Property	Description
fifa:receivedOffersToReceive	Offers to receive acted upon
fifa:offersToReceiveTotal	Total offers to receive
fifa:offersToReceiveInBehind	Offers to receive in behind
fifa:offersToReceiveInBetween	Offers to receive in between lines
fifa:offersToReceiveInFront	Offers to receive in front
fifa:offersToReceiveInside	Offers to receive inside
fifa:offersToReceiveOutside	Offers to receive outside
fifa:receptionsInBehind	Receptions in behind
fifa:receptionsBetweenMidfieldAndDefensiveLine	Receptions between midfield and defensive line
fifa:receptionsUnderPressure	Receptions under pressure
fifa:receptionsUnderDirectPressure	Receptions under direct pressure
fifa:receptionsUnderIndirectPressure	Receptions under indirect pressure
fifa:receptionsUnderNoPressure	Receptions under no pressure

Final Third Entries

Property	Description
fifa:finalThirdEntriesReceptionCentralChannel	Final third entries via central channel
fifa:finalThirdEntriesReceptionInsideLeftChannel	Final third entries inside left channel
fifa:finalThirdEntriesReceptionInsideRightChannel	Final third entries inside right channel
fifa:finalThirdEntriesReceptionLeftChannel	Final third entries left channel
fifa:finalThirdEntriesReceptionRightChannel	Final third entries right channel

Tactical Phase Aggregates

Property	Description
fifa:phaseAggregateAttackingTransition	Attacking transition phase
fifa:phaseAggregateDefensiveTransition	Defensive transition phase
fifa:phaseAggregateBuildUpOpposed	Build-up play (opposed)
fifa:phaseAggregateBuildUpUnopposed	Build-up play (unopposed)
fifa:phaseAggregateCounterPress	Counter-press phase
fifa:phaseAggregateCounterattack	Counterattack phase
fifa:phaseAggregateFinalThird	Final third phase
fifa:phaseAggregateHighBlock	High defensive block phase
fifa:phaseAggregateHighPress	High press phase
fifa:phaseAggregateMidBlock	Mid block phase
fifa:phaseAggregateMidPress	Mid press phase
fifa:phaseAggregateLowBlock	Low block phase
fifa:phaseAggregateLowPress	Low press phase
fifa:phaseAggregateLongBall	Long ball phase
fifa:phaseAggregateProgression	Progression phase
fifa:phaseAggregateRecovery	Recovery phase
fifa:phaseAggregateSetPieces	Set pieces phase

Physical / Movement (Player-level)

Property	Description
fifa:totalDistance	Total distance covered
fifa:distanceWalking	Distance walking
fifa:distanceJogging	Distance jogging
fifa:distanceLowSpeedSprinting	Distance at low-speed sprint
fifa:distanceHighSpeedRunning	Distance at high-speed running
fifa:distanceHighSpeedSprinting	Distance at high-speed sprint
fifa:avgSpeed	Average speed
fifa:topSpeed	Top speed
fifa:sprints	Number of sprints
fifa:speedRuns	Number of speed runs
fifa:timePlayed	Minutes played
fifa:substitutionsIn	Times substituted on
fifa:substitutionsOut	Times substituted off

Aggregate / Multi-match

Property	Description
fifa:matchesPlayed	Number of matches the report aggregates

---

Coded Value Reference

Critical: Many properties use instance URIs, not raw integers.

Card Types (fifa:bookingCard)

Instance URI	Label
fifa:CardType-1	Yellow Card
fifa:CardType-2	Second Yellow Card
fifa:CardType-3	Straight Red Card

Goal Types (fifa:goalType)

Instance URI	Label
fifa:GoalType-1	Penalty Goal
fifa:GoalType-2	Regular Goal
fifa:GoalType-3	Own Goal

Match Periods

Instance URI	Label
fifa:MatchPeriod-0	Pre-Match
fifa:MatchPeriod-3	First Half
fifa:MatchPeriod-4	Half-Time
fifa:MatchPeriod-5	Second Half
fifa:MatchPeriod-7	Extra Time First Half
fifa:MatchPeriod-8	Extra Time Half-Time
fifa:MatchPeriod-9	Extra Time Second Half
fifa:MatchPeriod-10	Full Time
fifa:MatchPeriod-11	Penalty Kicks

Gender Instances

Instance URI	Label
fifa:Male	Male
fifa:Female	Female

Positions (fifa:position, fifa:realPosition)

Two sets of position instances exist in the ontology, both typed as a fifa:Position:

Instance URI	Namespace	Label	Used by
position:0 / fifa:Position-0	position: / fifa:	Goalkeeper	squad loader / JSON match loader
position:1 / fifa:Position-1	position: / fifa:	Defender	squad loader / JSON match loader
position:2 / fifa:Position-2	position: / fifa:	Midfielder	squad loader / JSON match loader
position:3 / fifa:Position-3	position: / fifa:	Forward	squad loader / JSON match loader

Position IRI in practice: The JSON match loader emits fifa:Position-N IRIs for fifa:PlayerMatchAppearance nodes. The squad loader emits position:N IRIs on fifa:Player bio nodes. When querying lineups use fifa:Position-N; when querying player bio use position:N. To cover both, use UNION or VALUES ?pos { position:3 fifa:Position-3 }.

Position Sides (fifa:realPositionSide, fifa:positionSide)

positionSide: namespace (squad loader bio data, https://fifa.com/positionSide#):

Instance URI	Label
positionSide:1	right side
positionSide:2	center
positionSide:3	left side

fifa: namespace (JSON match loader lineup data):

Instance URI	Label
fifa:PositionSide-1	right side
fifa:PositionSide-2	center
fifa:PositionSide-3	Unknown (side not determined)

fifa:PositionSide-3 is "Unknown" (side not determined), whereas positionSide:3 is the canonical "left side" individual.

Tactics

Instance URI	Label
fifa:Tactic-4-3-3	4-3-3
fifa:Tactic-4-4-2	4-4-2
fifa:Tactic-4-5-1	4-5-1
fifa:Tactic-3-5-2	3-5-2
fifa:Tactic-3-4-3	3-4-3
fifa:Tactic-3-6-1	3-6-1
fifa:Tactic-5-3-2	5-3-2
fifa:Tactic-5-4-1	5-4-1

Official Type Instances

Instance URI	Label
fifa:OfficialType-1	Referee
fifa:OfficialType-2	Assistant Referee 1
fifa:OfficialType-3	Assistant Referee 2
fifa:OfficialType-4	Fourth official
fifa:OfficialType-5	Video Assistant Referee (VAR)
fifa:OfficialType-6	Reserve referee
fifa:OfficialType-8	Assistant VAR
fifa:OfficialType-9	Support VAR

Coach Role Instances

Instance URI	Label
fifa:CoachRole-0	Head Coach
fifa:CoachRole-1	Assistant Coach

Event Types (subclasses of fifa:MatchEvent via rdf:type)

OWL equivalentClass notes: fifa:EventType-0 ≡ fifa:Goal, fifa:EventType-2 ≡ fifa:Booking, fifa:EventType-5 ≡ fifa:Substitution. The preferred classes are fifa:Goal, fifa:Booking, fifa:Substitution — use those rather than the coded EventType equivalents.

Subclass hierarchy:

fifa:MatchEvent
  ├── fifa:Goal      (preferred — equiv: EventType-0)
  │     ├── fifa:EventType-34  (Own goal)
  │     ├── fifa:EventType-39  (Free Kick goal)
  │     └── fifa:EventType-41  (Penalty Goal)
  ├── fifa:Booking   (preferred — equiv: EventType-2)
  │     ├── fifa:EventType-3   (Red card)
  │     └── fifa:EventType-4   (Second Caution - Red Card)
  ├── fifa:Foul
  │     └── fifa:EventType-18  (Foul)
  ├── fifa:SetPiece
  │     ├── fifa:EventType-14  (Free Kick)
  │     ├── fifa:EventType-16  (Corner)
  │     └── fifa:EventType-24  (Throw In)
  ├── fifa:Substitution (preferred — equiv: EventType-5)
  ├── fifa:EventType-1   (Assist)
  ├── fifa:EventType-6   (Penalty Awarded)
  ├── fifa:EventType-7   (Start Time)
  ├── fifa:EventType-8   (End Time)
  ├── fifa:EventType-9   (Pause Time)
  ├── fifa:EventType-10  (Resume Time)
  ├── fifa:EventType-12  (Attempt at Goal)
  ├── fifa:EventType-15  (Offside)
  ├── fifa:EventType-17  (Goal Prevention)
  ├── fifa:EventType-19  (Coin Toss)
  ├── fifa:EventType-23  (Dropped Ball)
  ├── fifa:EventType-25  (Clearance)
  ├── fifa:EventType-26  (Match end)
  ├── fifa:EventType-27  (Aerial Duel)
  ├── fifa:EventType-33  (Attempt Missed)
  ├── fifa:EventType-49  (Attempt Missed)
  ├── fifa:EventType-51  (Penalty missed)
  ├── fifa:EventType-57  (Goal Prevention)
  ├── fifa:EventType-60  (Penalty missed)
  ├── fifa:EventType-65  (Penalty missed)
  ├── fifa:EventType-71  (VAR)
  └── fifa:EventType-72  (Penalty Conceded!)

Use intermediate classes for category-level queries:

?event a fifa:Foul .     # all foul-related events
?event a fifa:Goal .     # all goal events
?event a fifa:SetPiece . # all set pieces
?event a fifa:EventType-18 . # foul only, not cards

WRONG — there is no fifa:eventType datatype property:

# ?event fifa:eventType 18 .   ← DO NOT USE

Spatial Properties on fifa:MatchEvent

Property	Range	Description
fifa:positionX	xsd:decimal	X coordinate of event on the field
fifa:positionY	xsd:decimal	Y coordinate of event on the field
fifa:goalGatePositionX	xsd:decimal	X coordinate of ball position at goal gate
fifa:goalGatePositionY	xsd:decimal	Y coordinate of ball at the goal line
fifa:goalGatePositionZ	xsd:decimal	Z coordinate (height) of ball at the goal line

Other fifa:MatchEvent Properties

Property	Range	Description
fifa:typeLabel	xsd:string	Localised human-readable label for the event type
fifa:hasStoppageTime	xsd:integer	Stoppage time minutes added at end of period
fifa:eventMatchMinute	xsd:string	Match minute string (e.g. "90'+7'")
fifa:eventTimestamp	xsd:dateTime	Timestamp at which the event occurred
fifa:eventHomeGoals	xsd:integer	Home-team goal tally at time of event
fifa:eventAwayGoals	xsd:integer	Away-team goal tally at time of event

VAR Properties on fifa:MatchEvent

These appear on fifa:EventType-71 (VAR) events:

Property	Range	Description
fifa:varIncident	xsd:integer	VAR incident type code
fifa:varReason	xsd:integer	Reason for VAR review
fifa:varStatus	xsd:integer	Status of VAR review
fifa:varResult	xsd:integer	Outcome of VAR review
fifa:varDecision	xsd:integer	VAR decision outcome (VarNotificationData/Decision)

EventQualifier — Supplementary Annotations

A fifa:MatchEvent can have zero or more fifa:EventQualifier nodes attached via fifa:hasQualifier. These carry spatial and cross-event data: goalkeeper positions, goalmouth coordinates, blocked shot locations, jersey numbers, injured-player references, and links to related events.

?match fifa:hasEvent ?event .
?event fifa:hasQualifier ?q .
?q fifa:qualifierId         ?qid ;
   fifa:qualifierRecordId   ?recId .
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:pitchZone              ?zone }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:gkXCoordinate         ?gkX }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:gkYCoordinate         ?gkY }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:goalmouthYCoordinate  ?gmY }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:goalmouthZCoordinate  ?gmZ }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:blockedXCoordinate    ?blkX }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:blockedYCoordinate    ?blkY }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:jerseyNumbers         ?jerseys }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:playerPosition        ?playerPos }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:injuredPlayer         ?injPlayer }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:relatedEvent          ?relEvt }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:oppositeRelatedEvent  ?oppEvt }
OPTIONAL { ?q fifa:secondRelatedEvent    ?secEvt }

fifa:timelineEvent — Cross-Reference to Timeline

Links a derived live-match entity (fifa:Goal, fifa:Booking, fifa:Substitution) back to the corresponding raw fifa:MatchEvent in the timeline. Use it to join structured live data (typed properties like fifa:goalMinute, fifa:goalType, fifa:player) with the full event-qualifier annotations.

?match fifa:hasGoal ?goal .
?goal  fifa:timelineEvent ?event .
?event fifa:hasQualifier ?q .
?q     fifa:goalmouthYCoordinate ?gmY ;
       fifa:goalmouthZCoordinate ?gmZ .

---

Key Property Quick Reference

Match Scores & Result

?match fifa:homeTeamScore ?homeScore ;
       fifa:awayTeamScore ?awayScore ;
       fifa:winner        ?winnerTeam ;
       fifa:resultType    ?resultType .   # 1=normal, 2=AET, 3=penalties

Goal Details

?match fifa:hasGoal ?goal .
?goal  rdfs:label        ?goalLabel ;
       fifa:goalMinute   ?minute ;
       fifa:goalPeriod   fifa:MatchPeriod-3 ;
       fifa:goalType     fifa:GoalType-1 ;
       fifa:assistPlayer ?assistingPlayer ;
       fifa:team         ?scoringTeam ;
       fifa:player       ?scorer .

Booking Details

?match fifa:hasBooking ?booking .
?booking fifa:bookingCard   fifa:CardType-1 ;
         fifa:bookingMinute ?minute ;
         fifa:bookingPeriod ?period ;
         fifa:bookingReason ?reasonCode ;
         fifa:team          ?bookedTeam ;
         fifa:player        ?bookedPlayer .
OPTIONAL { ?booking fifa:coach  ?coach }   # coach booking (fifa:Coach)
OPTIONAL { ?booking fifa:staff  ?staff }   # staff booking (fifa:Staff)
OPTIONAL { ?booking fifa:timelineEvent ?event }

Substitution Details

?match fifa:hasSubstitution ?sub .
?sub  fifa:playerOff          ?outPlayer ;
      fifa:playerOffName      ?outName ;
      fifa:playerOn           ?inPlayer ;
      fifa:playerOnName       ?inName ;
      fifa:substitutionMinute ?minute ;
      fifa:substitutionPeriod ?period ;
      fifa:substitutionReason ?reason .

Player Lineup

?match fifa:hasPlayerAppearance ?appearance .
?appearance fifa:player       ?player ;
            fifa:team         ?team ;
            fifa:shirtNumber  ?shirt ;
            fifa:captain      ?isCaptain ;
            fifa:fieldStatus  ?fieldStatus ; # 1=starting, 2=substitute
            fifa:position     ?pos ;
            fifa:lineupX      ?x ;
            fifa:lineupY      ?y .

Player Bio

?player rdfs:label          ?name ;
        fifa:playerId       ?id ;
        fifa:birthDate      ?dob ;
        fifa:height         ?height ;
        fifa:weight         ?weight ;
        fifa:jerseyNum      ?jersey ;
        fifa:realPosition   ?realPos ;
        fifa:realPositionSide ?side .

Team & Squad

?team rdfs:label           ?teamName ;
      fifa:teamId          ?id ;
      fifa:abbreviation    ?abbr ;
      fifa:hasWorldRanking ?ranking ;
      fifa:hasPlayer       ?player .       # direct → fifa:Player

# Squad membership via inSquad (player → SquadMembership)
?player fifa:inSquad ?squadMembership .
?squadMembership fifa:forTeam     ?team ;
                 fifa:duringSeason ?season .

# Team membership (temporal) via hasTeamMembership (player → TeamMembership)
?player fifa:hasTeamMembership ?membership .
?membership fifa:team          ?team ;
            fifa:duringSeason  ?season ;
            fifa:fromJoinDate  ?joined ;
            fifa:fromLeaveDate ?left .

Weather

?match fifa:weather ?weather .
?weather fifa:temperature          ?temp ;
         fifa:humidity             ?humidity ;
         fifa:windSpeed            ?wind ;
         fifa:weatherTypeLocalized ?description .

Ball Possession

?match fifa:ballPossession ?poss .
?poss fifa:overallHome ?homePct ;
      fifa:overallAway ?awayPct .

Stadium & Location

?match fifa:stadium ?stadium .
?stadium rdfs:label ?stadiumName ;
         fifa:hasRoof ?hasRoof ;
         fifa:city ?city .
?city rdfs:label ?cityName .
OPTIONAL { ?stadium fifa:capacity   ?capacity }
OPTIONAL { ?stadium fifa:latitude   ?lat }
OPTIONAL { ?stadium fifa:longitude  ?lon }
OPTIONAL { ?stadium fifa:length     ?pitchLength }
OPTIONAL { ?stadium fifa:width      ?pitchWidth }

---

Common Query Patterns

Pattern 1: All Goals in a Match

SELECT ?match ?matchLabel ?goalMinute ?periodLabel ?goalTypeLabel ?scorerName ?assistName
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         rdfs:label ?matchLabel ;
         fifa:hasGoal ?goal .
  ?goal  fifa:goalMinute ?goalMinute ;
         fifa:goalPeriod ?period ;
         fifa:goalType   ?goalType .
  ?period   rdfs:label ?periodLabel .
  ?goalType rdfs:label ?goalTypeLabel .
  OPTIONAL { ?goal rdfs:label ?scorerName }
  OPTIONAL { ?goal fifa:assistPlayer ?assist . ?assist rdfs:label ?assistName }
}
ORDER BY ?goalMinute

Pattern 2: Match Results with Score

SELECT ?match ?homeTeamName ?awayTeamName ?homeScore ?awayScore ?winnerName ?date
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:homeTeam      ?homeTeam ;
         fifa:awayTeam      ?awayTeam ;
         fifa:homeTeamScore ?homeScore ;
         fifa:awayTeamScore ?awayScore ;
         fifa:date          ?date .
  ?homeTeam rdfs:label ?homeTeamName .
  ?awayTeam rdfs:label ?awayTeamName .
  OPTIONAL { ?match fifa:winner ?winner . ?winner rdfs:label ?winnerName }
}
ORDER BY ?date

Pattern 3: Player Appearances (Starting XI)

SELECT ?match ?playerName ?shirtNumber ?posLabel ?isCaptain
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:hasPlayerAppearance ?app .
  ?app   fifa:player      ?player ;
         fifa:shirtNumber ?shirtNumber ;
         fifa:fieldStatus 1 ;
         fifa:captain     ?isCaptain .
  ?player rdfs:label ?playerName .
  OPTIONAL { ?player fifa:realPosition ?pos . ?pos rdfs:label ?posLabel }
}

Pattern 4: Yellow/Red Cards by Team

SELECT ?team ?teamName (COUNT(?booking) AS ?cards)
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:hasBooking ?booking .
  ?booking fifa:bookingCard fifa:CardType-1 ;  # Yellow; CardType-3 for straight red
           fifa:team ?team .
  ?team rdfs:label ?teamName .
}
GROUP BY ?team ?teamName
ORDER BY DESC(?cards)

Pattern 5: Tactics Used Per Match

SELECT ?matchLabel ?homeTeamName ?homeTacticLabel ?awayTeamName ?awayTacticLabel
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         rdfs:label ?matchLabel ;
         fifa:homeTeam ?homeTeam ; fifa:awayTeam ?awayTeam ;
         fifa:homeTeamTactics ?homeTactic ;
         fifa:awayTeamTactics ?awayTactic .
  ?homeTeam rdfs:label ?homeTeamName .
  ?awayTeam rdfs:label ?awayTeamName .
  ?homeTactic rdfs:label ?homeTacticLabel .
  ?awayTactic rdfs:label ?awayTacticLabel .
}

Pattern 6: Team Analytics for a Match

SELECT ?match ?matchLabel ?reportLabel
       ?passes ?passesCompleted ?possession
       ?attemptAtGoal ?goals ?xG ?yellowCards
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         rdfs:label ?matchLabel ;
         fifa:hasTeamAnalyticsReport ?report .
  ?report rdfs:label ?reportLabel .
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:passes           ?passes }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:passesCompleted  ?passesCompleted }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:possession       ?possession }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:attemptAtGoal    ?attemptAtGoal }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:goals            ?goals }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:xG              ?xG }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:yellowCards      ?yellowCards }
}
ORDER BY ?matchLabel

Pattern 7: Player Physical Performance

SELECT ?matchLabel ?reportLabel
       ?totalDistance ?distanceHighSpeedSprinting ?topSpeed ?sprints ?timePlayed
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         rdfs:label ?matchLabel ;
         fifa:hasPlayerAnalyticsReport ?report .
  ?report rdfs:label ?reportLabel .
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:totalDistance              ?totalDistance }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:distanceHighSpeedSprinting ?distanceHighSpeedSprinting }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:topSpeed                   ?topSpeed }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:sprints                    ?sprints }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:timePlayed                 ?timePlayed }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?totalDistance)

Pattern 8: Top Teams by Pressing Intensity

SELECT ?team ?teamName
       (SUM(?highPress) AS ?totalHighPress)
       (SUM(?counterPress) AS ?totalCounterPress)
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:hasTeamAnalyticsReport ?report .
  { ?match fifa:homeTeam ?team } UNION { ?match fifa:awayTeam ?team }
  ?team rdfs:label ?teamName .
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:phaseAggregateHighPress    ?highPress }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:phaseAggregateCounterPress ?counterPress }
}
GROUP BY ?team ?teamName
ORDER BY DESC(?totalHighPress)

Pattern 9: Linebreak Efficiency by Team

SELECT ?team ?teamName
       (SUM(?attempted) AS ?attempted)
       (SUM(?completed) AS ?completed)
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:hasTeamAnalyticsReport ?report .
  { ?match fifa:homeTeam ?team } UNION { ?match fifa:awayTeam ?team }
  ?team rdfs:label ?teamName .
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:linebreaksAttemptedAllLines ?attempted }
  OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:linebreaksCompletedAllLines ?completed }
}
GROUP BY ?team ?teamName
HAVING (SUM(?attempted) > 0)
ORDER BY DESC(SUM(?completed))

Pattern 10: Match Officials

# Direct access via fifa:hasOfficial → fifa:Official
SELECT ?match ?matchLabel ?official ?officialName ?roleCode
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         rdfs:label ?matchLabel ;
         fifa:hasOfficial ?official .
  ?official rdfs:label ?officialName .
  OPTIONAL { ?official fifa:officialType ?roleCode }
}
ORDER BY ?matchLabel

# With localised role label via OfficialAssignment
SELECT ?match ?matchLabel ?official ?officialName ?roleLabel
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         rdfs:label ?matchLabel ;
         fifa:hasOfficial ?official .
  ?official rdfs:label ?officialName .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?assignment a fifa:OfficialAssignment ;
                fifa:official ?official ;
                fifa:officialTypeLocalized ?roleLabel .
  }
}
ORDER BY ?matchLabel

Pattern 11: Top Scorers

SELECT ?player ?playerName (COUNT(?goal) AS ?goals)
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:hasGoal ?goal .
  ?goal fifa:player ?player .
  ?player rdfs:label ?playerName .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?goal a fifa:EventType-34 }  # exclude own goals
}
GROUP BY ?player ?playerName
ORDER BY DESC(?goals)

Pattern 12: Players by Position and Side

# All forwards in the tournament
SELECT ?player ?playerName ?teamName ?sideLabel
WHERE {
  ?match a fifa:Match ;
         fifa:hasPlayerAppearance ?app .
  ?app fifa:player ?player ;
       fifa:position fifa:Position-3 .   # or position:3
  OPTIONAL { ?app fifa:realPositionSide ?side . ?side rdfs:label ?sideLabel }
  ?player rdfs:label ?playerName .
  OPTIONAL { ?app fifa:team ?team . ?team rdfs:label ?teamName . }
}

Pattern 13: FIFA World Rankings (PowerRanking graph)

PREFIX fifa: <https://www.openlinksw.com/ontology/fifa#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT ?team ?teamName ?confederation ?rank ?prevRank ?rankingMovement ?totalPoints ?generatedAt
WHERE {
  GRAPH <urn:fifa:powerrankings> {
    ?snapshot a fifa:PowerRanking ;
              fifa:hasTeam ?team ;
              fifa:hasConfederation ?confederation ;
              fifa:rank ?rank ;
              fifa:prevRank ?prevRank ;
              fifa:rankingMovement ?rankingMovement ;
              fifa:totalPoints ?totalPoints ;
              fifa:generatedAt ?generatedAt .
    ?team rdfs:label ?teamName .
    {
      SELECT ?team (MAX(?gen) AS ?generatedAt)
      WHERE {
        GRAPH <urn:fifa:powerrankings> {
          ?r a fifa:PowerRanking ; fifa:hasTeam ?team ; fifa:generatedAt ?gen .
        }
      }
      GROUP BY ?team
    }
  }
}
ORDER BY ?rank
LIMIT 50

Pattern 14: Match Win Probabilities (Inferred)

SELECT ?match ?homeTeam ?awayTeam ?homeWinProb ?awayWinProb
WHERE {
  GRAPH <urn:worldcup:kg:2026> {
    ?match a fifa:Match ;
           fifa:homeTeam ?homeTeamRes ;
           fifa:awayTeam ?awayTeamRes .
    OPTIONAL { ?match fifa:homeTeamWinProbabilityByFifaRank ?homeWinProb }
    OPTIONAL { ?match fifa:awayTeamWinProbabilityByFifaRank ?awayWinProb }
    ?homeTeamRes rdfs:label ?homeTeam .
    ?awayTeamRes rdfs:label ?awayTeam .
  }
}
ORDER BY ?match

Pattern 15: xG and Threat Comparison

SELECT ?match ?matchLabel ?team ?teamName ?xG ?threat ?pitchControl ?finalThirdPitchControl
WHERE {
  GRAPH <urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics> {
    ?report a fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport ;
            fifa:match ?match ;
            fifa:team ?team ;
            fifa:generatedAt ?generatedAt .
    OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:xG ?xG }
    OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:threat ?threat }
    OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:pitchControl ?pitchControl }
    OPTIONAL { ?report fifa:finalThirdPitchControl ?finalThirdPitchControl }
    {
      SELECT ?match ?team (MAX(?gen) AS ?generatedAt)
      WHERE {
        GRAPH <urn:worldcup:kg:2026:analytics> {
          ?r a fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport ;
             fifa:match ?match ; fifa:team ?team ; fifa:generatedAt ?gen .
        }
      }
      GROUP BY ?match ?team
    }
  }
  GRAPH <urn:worldcup:kg:2026> {
    ?match rdfs:label ?matchLabel .
    ?team rdfs:label ?teamName .
  }
}
ORDER BY ?match

---

Query Best Practices

1. Prefer analytics reports over raw events for aggregate stats — when a metric exists in fifa:PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport or fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport (goals, passes, distance, possession, xG, etc.), always use it via fifa:hasPlayerAnalyticsReport / fifa:hasTeamAnalyticsReport rather than counting raw event nodes. Counting raw fifa:Goal events can produce incorrect aggregates; the analytics reports are the authoritative pre-aggregated source of truth.

   Use analytics (correct):

   ?match fifa:hasPlayerAnalyticsReport ?report .
   ?report fifa:player ?player ;
           fifa:goals  ?goalsInMatch .
   

   Avoid for aggregates (can produce wrong totals):

   ?match fifa:hasGoal ?goal .
   ?goal fifa:player ?player .   # ← raw event count, unreliable for aggregates
   

2. Always use rdfs:label for human-readable names — teams, players, stadiums, cities, periods, goal types, card types all have labels.

3. Always SELECT both the URI and the label — include the subject URI variable alongside its rdfs:label. The URI is a stable identifier for follow-up queries.

4. Use OPTIONAL for nullable fields — weather, possession, tactics, winner, and every analytics metric.

5. Always use instance URIs, never raw integers for typed values — fifa:goalType, fifa:bookingCard, fifa:goalPeriod, and event types all use instance URIs. There is no fifa:eventType datatype property; filter by ?event a fifa:EventType-N .

6. The player in a Goal/Booking is declared via fifa:player. A rdfs:label on the event node may carry the name as a fallback.

7. Squad and team membership navigation: fifa:hasPlayer on fifa:Team points directly to fifa:Player. To navigate squad membership use fifa:inSquad on the player (→ fifa:SquadMembership) with fifa:forTeam and fifa:duringSeason. For temporal club membership use fifa:hasTeamMembership (→ fifa:TeamMembership).

8. Match-centric traversal: Start from ?match a fifa:Match and follow fifa:has* outward.

9. Aggregate queries: Always include the URI in GROUP BY alongside the label.

10. Analytics reports use OPTIONAL for every metric — not every report will have every metric populated.

11. fifa:AnalyticsMetricProperty as discovery tool — query ?p rdf:type fifa:AnalyticsMetricProperty to enumerate available analytics predicates dynamically.

12. fifa:team and fifa:player are multi-domain — usable directly on fifa:Goal, fifa:Booking, fifa:PlayerMatchAppearance, fifa:CoachAssignment, fifa:TeamMatchAnalyticsReport, and fifa:PlayerMatchAnalyticsReport.

13. fifa:Official vs fifa:OfficialAssignment vs fifa:OfficialType:

    • fifa:Official = the person. Has rdfs:label, fifa:officialType (integer), fifa:idCountry.
    • fifa:OfficialAssignment = the assignment record. Has fifa:official, fifa:officialType (integer), fifa:officialTypeLocalized (human-readable, e.g. "Referee").
    • fifa:OfficialType = the role taxonomy class. Instances have rdfs:label values like "Referee", "Assistant VAR".
    • fifa:hasOfficial links to the person node. fifa:hasOfficialAssignment links to the assignment record.

14. fifa:position on fifa:PlayerMatchAppearance — the position assigned for a specific match appearance; no need to go through the player node.

15. EventQualifier for spatial detail — navigate from ?event fifa:hasQualifier ?q for goalkeeper position, goalmouth coordinates, pitch zone, or blocked-shot location. Use OPTIONAL for every qualifier property.

16. fifa:timelineEvent bridges live entities and the timeline — follow ?liveEntity fifa:timelineEvent ?event to reach the fifa:MatchEvent with full qualifier annotations and VAR data.

17. Provider identifiers — matches carry fifa:matchId, fifa:idIfes (IFES), and fifa:idStatsPerform (Stats Perform/Opta). Use fifa:idIfes when querying the analytics endpoint.

18. PowerRanking graph isolation — urn:fifa:powerrankings is self-contained. Always use GRAPH <urn:fifa:powerrankings> when querying it; otherwise team stubs in that graph may collide with full team nodes in the main graph.

19. Use preferred event classes — fifa:Goal, fifa:Booking, fifa:Substitution are the preferred classes for events; the owl:equivalentClass EventType coded variants (EventType-0, EventType-2, EventType-5) will eventually be superseded.

---

Reference Files

For deep property listings, see:

• references/properties.md — complete property table with domains, ranges, and data types
• references/coded-values.md — expanded coded value tables with usage examples

Read these only when you need exhaustive detail beyond what the SKILL.md tables cover.