dataviz-selector

name	dataviz-selector
description	Choose the right visualization for a dataset plus analytical question, hypothesis, data story, or management problem. Use when recommending, designing, critiquing, or implementing chart choices before plotting; especially for Karthik-style explanatory analytics, Mint-style data stories, time-series shape annotation (knee-bends, inflection points, local maxima/minima, temporary peaks), S-curves/adoption/diffusion patterns, Babbage/management decks, election/sports/payment/geography/risk visuals, or choosing between lines, bars, scatter, maps, distributions, small multiples, scorecards, waterfalls, and tables.
metadata	{"short-description":"Choose chart forms for data stories","claude-description":"Choose the right chart for a dataset plus question, hypothesis, story, or management problem; avoids misleading/decorative forms."}

Dataviz Selector

Use this before making a chart when the user has a dataset and a question/hypothesis/story to answer.

Core job: pick the visual form that makes the intended claim easiest to see and hardest to misread.

For non-trivial chart selection, use the workflow and guardrails below; private local references may add nuance, but this public skill is self-contained.

Workflow

1. State the one-sentence claim the chart must support. If there are multiple claims, split into multiple charts.
2. Identify the comparison: time, peers, baseline, target, counterfactual, distribution, spatial context, model expectation, or decomposition.
3. Identify the data grain: time series, category, entity, location, event/ball, survey response, model output, simulation, transaction, or scorecard metric.
4. For time-series charts, inspect shape before choosing annotations: mark visible knee-bends/inflection years, local maxima/minima, and temporary peaks/troughs when they change the story.
5. Choose the simplest chart that exposes that comparison.
6. Add only necessary context: direct labels, event line/band, threshold, uncertainty ribbon, counterfactual, facet, or annotation. For lines, include sparse labels for knee-bends and temporary extrema when visually salient and analytically meaningful.
7. Say what to avoid: misleading axis, overplotting, unnecessary regression, crowded legend, map-for-ranking, stacked bars for precise comparisons, etc.
8. If generating code, then also apply karthik-data-visualization styling before final output.

Fast chooser

• Trend/intervention: line + points; vertical marker; optional pre-period trend/counterfactual. Mark knee-bend years where slope visibly changes.
• S-curve/adoption/diffusion pattern: line with muted raw points/annual values, emphasized smoothed line, labels for takeoff knee, acceleration/deceleration knees, plateau/peak, and any temporary local maximum/minimum. Avoid smooth-only lines that hide turns.
• Slowing growth: raw line + marked slowdown/knee + dotted earlier-growth projection; avoid YoY as main chart unless technical audience.
• Forecast/anomaly: actual line, forecast/dashed line, uncertainty ribbon, highlighted anomaly/intervention window.
• Many comparable series: small multiples or cluster prototypes; avoid spaghetti.
• Ranking: sorted horizontal bars; bar axis starts at 0; highlight story item.
• Composition/share substitution: 100% stacked bars/area only when mix is the story.
• Distribution/skew/tails: histogram, density, ECDF, box, or violin; log scale for income/wealth/power-law data.
• Relationship: scatter with direct labels; regression only when relationship is the claim and uncertainty is shown.
• Normalized insight from canonical totals: when the source data's canonical measure is a total and the analysis adds a denominator (population, users, accounts, GDP, area), prefer a scatter of denominator vs total with diagonal iso-lines for the normalized metric. This preserves the original magnitude while showing per-capita/per-unit outliers. Use a ranked bar only when the normalized metric is itself the canonical measure or when ranking alone is the story.
• Elections: vote-seat scatter, swing-to-seats curves, margin/vote distributions, or selected maps depending on mechanism.
• Sports mechanism: win-probability/advantage trajectory, phase curves, impact-in-context; avoid scorecard-only visuals.
• Geography: map only when spatial pattern/shape matters; otherwise sorted bars/table.
• Survey ordinal shape: faceted rating histograms for polarisation; diverging stacked bars for broad Likert composition.
• Scenario/simulation: input-output scatter with threshold quadrants, density by alpha, fan/ribbon, or clustered representative paths.
• Decomposition/root cause: waterfall/bridge, ranked contribution bars, or compact root-cause table.
• Management scan: scorecard table first, diagnostic chart second, action implication explicit.
• Model explanation: observable category-rate/scenario-effect charts before coefficient tables.
• Risk/portfolio: distributions/scenarios/downside tails/utility curves; avoid mean-volatility alone.

Output format for recommendations

Use this concise structure:

Recommended visual: <chart form>
Why: <claim-comparison fit>
Encoding: X = ..., Y = ..., colour/facet/label = ...
Context layers: <thresholds/events/counterfactuals/knee-bends/local extrema/annotations>
Avoid: <bad alternatives or pitfalls>
If implementing: <short code/design note>

Hard guardrails

• One chart, one main job.
• Never select pie charts, donut charts, 3D charts, animated/moving charts, interactive charts, gauges, radar/spider charts, or decorative infographic forms as the recommendation. If the user asks for one of these, say it is not recommended and offer the closest static alternative. Only mention the requested bad form as something to avoid.
• Never recommend dashboards as a substitute for an interpreted story.
• Bars start at zero; scatters need not.
• Do not extend regression/counterfactual lines beyond defensible range without marking them as projections.
• Label derived meaning directly when the evidence is a gap, quadrant, cluster, area between curves, knee-bend/inflection, or local maximum/minimum.
• Prefer direct labels to legends.
• If part-to-whole is requested, prefer sorted bars, 100% stacked bars, tables, or small multiples over pies/donuts.
• Use maps only for spatial stories.
• If a clever chart needs too much explanation, use a simple chart plus annotation.
• For line charts with obvious slope changes or temporary extrema, do not leave the viewer to infer them. Mark the specific year/period on the chart, but keep markers sparse and defensible.
• Managers do not want dashboards; they want interpreted stories and actions.