mobile-accessibility

name	mobile-accessibility
description	Audit React Native, Expo, iOS, Android for accessibility. Review accessibilityLabel, accessibilityRole, accessibilityHint, touch targets (44x44pt min), screen reader support, and platform semantics.

Mobile Accessibility Skill

This skill provides mobile accessibility reference data for React Native, Expo, iOS, and Android auditing. Used by mobile-accessibility.agent.md.

---

React Native Accessibility Props - Full Reference

Prop	Type	Values / Notes	WCAG SC	Required
accessible	boolean	true marks the view as an accessibility node	4.1.2	Conditional
accessibilityLabel	string	Human-readable name - overrides all child text	1.1.1, 4.1.2	Yes (all interactive + image elements)
accessibilityLabelledBy	string / string[]	References ID(s) of labelling element	1.3.1	For form inputs
accessibilityRole	string (see roles table)	Communicates element type to AT	4.1.2	Yes (all interactive elements)
accessibilityHint	string	Additional context spoken after label + role	1.3.3	When action isn't obvious
accessibilityState	object	{checked, disabled, expanded, selected, busy}	4.1.2	State-bearing elements
accessibilityValue	object	{min, max, now, text}	1.3.1	Sliders, steppers, progress bars
accessibilityActions	array	[{name, label}] - defines custom actions	4.1.3	Context menus, long-press alternatives
onAccessibilityAction	function	Handles custom action triggers	4.1.3	Paired with accessibilityActions
accessibilityLiveRegion	string	'none' / 'polite' / 'assertive'	4.1.3	Dynamic content updates
accessibilityViewIsModal	boolean	true traps VoiceOver focus inside modal	1.3.4	Modals, drawers, sheets
accessibilityElementsHidden	boolean	iOS - hides element and children from VoiceOver	1.1.1	Decorative elements
importantForAccessibility	string	Android - 'auto' / 'yes' / 'no' / 'no-hide-descendants'	1.1.1	Decorative / grouped elements
accessibilityIgnoresInvertColors	boolean	iOS - preserves colors in Inverted Colors mode	-	Images, video
aria-label	string	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityLabel	1.1.1, 4.1.2	Preferred in new code
aria-labelledby	string	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityLabelledBy	1.3.1	Form inputs
aria-describedby	string	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityHint	1.3.3	Additional description
aria-role	string	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityRole	4.1.2	All interactive elements
aria-checked	boolean / 'mixed'	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.checked	4.1.2	Checkboxes
aria-disabled	boolean	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.disabled	4.1.2	Disabled elements
aria-expanded	boolean	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.expanded	4.1.2	Accordions, dropdowns
aria-selected	boolean	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.selected	4.1.2	Tabs, list items
aria-busy	boolean	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityState.busy	4.1.3	Loading elements
aria-hidden	boolean	RN 0.73+ - maps to importantForAccessibility / accessibilityElementsHidden	1.1.1	Decorative content
aria-live	string	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityLiveRegion	4.1.3	Dynamic content
aria-modal	boolean	RN 0.73+ alias for accessibilityViewIsModal	1.3.4	Modals

Accessibility Role Values

Role	Maps to (iOS)	Maps to (Android)	Use For
'button'	UIAccessibilityTraitButton	AccessibilityNodeInfo.ROLE_BUTTON	Buttons, submission triggers
'link'	UIAccessibilityTraitLink	AccessibilityNodeInfo.ROLE_LINK	Navigation links, external URLs
'search'	-	ROLE_SEARCH	Search bars
'image'	UIAccessibilityTraitImage	ROLE_IMAGE	Images (when accessible=true)
'imagebutton'	UIAccessibilityTraitImage+Button	ROLE_BUTTON	Icon buttons
'header'	UIAccessibilityTraitHeader	ROLE_HEADING	Headings
'text'	UIAccessibilityTraitStaticText	ROLE_LABEL	Static text
'adjustable'	UIAccessibilityTraitAdjustable	ROLE_SCROLL_VIEW	Sliders
'checkbox'	-	ROLE_CHECKBOX	Checkboxes
'combobox'	-	ROLE_DROP_DOWN_LIST	Dropdowns
'menu'	-	ROLE_MENU	Menus
'menuitem'	-	ROLE_MENU_ITEM	Menu items
'menubar'	-	ROLE_MENU_BAR	Menu bars
'progressbar'	UIAccessibilityTraitUpdatesFrequently	ROLE_PROGRESS_BAR	Progress indicators
'radio'	-	ROLE_RADIO_BUTTON	Radio buttons
'radiogroup'	-	-	Radio button groups
'scrollbar'	-	ROLE_SCROLL_BAR	Scrollbars
'spinbutton'	-	ROLE_SCROLL_VIEW	Steppers, number inputs
'switch'	-	ROLE_SWITCH	Toggle switches
'tab'	-	ROLE_TAB	Tab elements
'tablist'	-	ROLE_TAB_LIST	Tab containers
'timer'	UIAccessibilityTraitUpdatesFrequently	-	Countdown timers
'toolbar'	-	ROLE_TOOL_BAR	Toolbars
'grid'	-	ROLE_GRID	Data grids
'list'	-	ROLE_LIST	Lists
'listitem'	-	ROLE_LIST_ITEM	List items
'summary'	UIAccessibilityTraitSummaryElement	-	Summary/status views
'alert'	UIAccessibilityTraitCausesPageTurn	ROLE_ALERT	Alert dialogs
'none'	UIAccessibilityTraitNone	ROLE_NONE	Suppress role

---

Touch Target Size Requirements

Platform	Minimum Size	Recommended	Standard
iOS	44 x 44 pt	44 x 44 pt	HIG
Android	48 x 48 dp	48 x 48 dp	Material Design
Web mobile	44 x 44 CSS px (AAA)	44 x 44 CSS px	WCAG 2.5.5
Web mobile (AA, 2.2)	24 x 24 CSS px with spacing	44 x 44 CSS px	WCAG 2.5.8

Detection Pattern (React Native)

// Violation: TouchableOpacity below minimum
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  closeBtn: { width: 24, height: 24 },          // FAIL - below 44pt
  iconBtn: { width: 32, height: 32 },            // FAIL - below 44pt
  navBtn: { padding: 4 },                        // CONDITIONAL - depends on content size
  compliant: { width: 44, height: 44 },          // PASS
  compliantWithPadding: { padding: 12 },         // PASS if content >= 20pt
});

---

iOS UIAccessibility - Quick Reference

SwiftUI Modifiers

Modifier	Purpose
.accessibilityLabel("...")	Overrides spoken name
.accessibilityHint("...")	Spoken usage hint (after pause)
.accessibilityValue("...")	Spoken current value
.accessibilityHidden(true)	Removes from VoiceOver tree
.accessibilityElement(children: .combine)	Merges child elements into one node
.accessibilityElement(children: .contain)	Groups children as sub-elements
.accessibilityElement(children: .ignore)	Container becomes accessible, children hidden
.accessibilityAddTraits(.isButton)	Adds role trait
.accessibilityRemoveTraits(.isImage)	Removes wrong role trait
.accessibilityInputLabels(["..."])	Voice Control activation labels
.accessibilitySortPriority(n)	Overrides VoiceOver reading order (higher = earlier)
.accessibilityAction(named: "...", {})	Custom action in the Actions rotor
.accessibilityActivationPoint(CGPoint)	Override activation tap point
.accessibilityCustomContent("label", "value")	Extra info in Accessibility Inspector

SwiftUI Trait Values

isButton, isHeader, isLink, isImage, isStaticText, isSelected, isKeyboardKey, isSearchField, playsSound, isModal, updatesFrequently, startsMediaSession, allowsDirectInteraction, causesPageTurn, isTabBar, isSummaryElement

UIKit Properties

Property	Type	Notes
isAccessibilityElement	Bool	Set true on custom views
accessibilityLabel	String?	Overrides spoken name
accessibilityHint	String?	Spoken after pause
accessibilityValue	String?	Current value (sliders, progress)
accessibilityTraits	UIAccessibilityTraits	Bitfield of traits (.button, .header, etc.)
accessibilityFrame	CGRect	Determines VoiceOver focus rect
accessibilityActivate()	func	Override activation behavior
accessibilityElements	[Any]?	Set container's VoiceOver child order
shouldGroupAccessibilityChildren	Bool	Groups all children into single node
accessibilityViewIsModal	Bool	true = VoiceOver trapped inside
accessibilityElementsHidden	Bool	Hides all children from VoiceOver

---

Android Jetpack Compose Semantics - Quick Reference

Modifier / Property	Purpose
semantics { contentDescription = "..." }	Accessible name
semantics { role = Role.Button }	Element role
semantics { stateDescription = "..." }	Current state text
semantics { heading() }	Marks as heading
semantics { selected = true/false }	Selected state
semantics { toggleableState = ToggleableState.On }	Toggle state
semantics { onClick(label = "...", action = {...}) }	Click action with label
semantics { disabled() }	Disabled state
semantics { focused = true }	Force focus
semantics { liveRegion = LiveRegion.Polite }	Live region announcements
semantics { invisibleToUser() }	Hide from TalkBack
semantics { mergeDescendants = true }	Merge child semantics into one node
clearAndSetSemantics { ... }	Replace all descendant semantics
Modifier.semantics(mergeDescendants = true) { }	Short merge pattern

Role Values

Role.Button, Role.Checkbox, Role.DropdownList, Role.Image, Role.RadioButton, Role.Switch, Role.Tab

---

Common Violation Patterns and Fixes

RN-001: Missing accessibilityLabel on icon button

// VIOLATION
<TouchableOpacity onPress={close}>
  <Icon name="x" size={20} />
</TouchableOpacity>

// FIX
<TouchableOpacity
  onPress={close}
  accessibilityRole="button"
  accessibilityLabel="Close"
>
  <Icon name="x" size={20} aria-hidden />
</TouchableOpacity>

RN-002: Image missing label

// VIOLATION
<Image source={productImage} style={styles.product} />

// FIX - informational image
<Image
  source={productImage}
  style={styles.product}
  accessibilityLabel="Blue suede shoes, size 10"
/>

// FIX - decorative image
<Image
  source={decorativeBackground}
  style={styles.bg}
  accessible={false}
  importantForAccessibility="no"
/>

RN-003: TextInput missing label

// VIOLATION - placeholder is not a label
<TextInput placeholder="Email" value={email} onChangeText={setEmail} />

// FIX
<View>
  <Text nativeID="emailLabel">Email address</Text>
  <TextInput
    value={email}
    onChangeText={setEmail}
    accessibilityLabelledBy="emailLabel"
    accessibilityHint="Enter your email address"
    keyboardType="email-address"
    autoComplete="email"
  />
</View>

RN-004: Checkbox missing state

// VIOLATION
<TouchableOpacity onPress={toggle}>
  <Image source={checked ? checkedIcon : uncheckedIcon} />
  <Text>Accept terms</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>

// FIX
<TouchableOpacity
  onPress={toggle}
  accessibilityRole="checkbox"
  accessibilityState={{ checked }}
  accessibilityLabel="Accept terms and conditions"
>
  <Image source={checked ? checkedIcon : uncheckedIcon} accessible={false} />
  <Text>Accept terms</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>

RN-005: Modal not trapping focus

// VIOLATION - custom modal without VoiceOver trap
<View style={styles.modal}>
  <Text>Are you sure?</Text>
  <Button title="Confirm" onPress={confirm} />
</View>

// FIX - use Modal component (traps focus automatically) or set accessibilityViewIsModal
<Modal
  visible={visible}
  transparent
  accessibilityViewIsModal={true}  // traps VoiceOver
  onRequestClose={close}           // Android back button
>
  <View style={styles.overlay}>
    <Text>Are you sure?</Text>
    <Button title="Confirm" onPress={confirm} />
    <Button title="Cancel" onPress={close} />
  </View>
</Modal>

AND-001: Compose image missing content description

// VIOLATION
Image(
    painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.product),
    contentDescription = null  // null = decorative, but wrong for informational image
)

// FIX - informational
Image(
    painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.product),
    contentDescription = stringResource(R.string.product_image_description)
)

// FIX - truly decorative
Image(
    painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.divider),
    contentDescription = null,
    modifier = Modifier.semantics { invisibleToUser() }
)

---

Testing Tool Commands

iOS Accessibility Inspector (Xcode)

Xcode -> Xcode menu -> Open Developer Tool -> Accessibility Inspector
- Run audit: Click "Audit" tab -> "Run Audit" button
- Inspect: "Inspection" tab -> hover over elements in Simulator
- Keyboard: Use +F7 to toggle VoiceOver in Simulator

Android Accessibility Scanner

# Install (Play Store or adb)
adb install com.google.android.apps.accessibility.auditor

# Enable TalkBack via ADB (for CI)
adb shell settings put secure enabled_accessibility_services \
  com.google.android.marvin.talkback/.TalkBackService

# Check accessibility node tree
adb shell uiautomator dump /sdcard/ui_dump.xml
adb pull /sdcard/ui_dump.xml

React Native Testing Library

npm install --save-dev @testing-library/react-native

import { render, screen, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react-native';

test('button has accessible name and role', () => {
  render(<SubmitButton onPress={jest.fn()} />);
  const btn = screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i });
  expect(btn).toBeTruthy();
});

test('checkbox updates state', () => {
  render(<TermsCheckbox />);
  const checkbox = screen.getByRole('checkbox', { name: /accept terms/i });
  expect(checkbox).toHaveAccessibilityState({ checked: false });
  fireEvent.press(checkbox);
  expect(checkbox).toHaveAccessibilityState({ checked: true });
});

Maestro (E2E)

# .maestro/accessibility-checks.yaml
appId: com.example.myapp
---
- launchApp
- assertVisible:
    label: "Submit form"
- tapOn:
    label: "Close"
- assertNotVisible:
    label: "Are you sure?"