figma-d3-react-ts

name

figma-d3-react-ts

description

D3.js data visualization in React/Next.js components with PIXEL-PERFECT Figma matching. Use when building interactive charts, graphs, network diagrams, geographic maps, or any custom data visualization with D3.js inside React components. Covers pixel-perfect Figma extraction workflow, iterative visual validation via Playwright, two integration approaches (useRef+useEffect imperative vs declarative React rendering), responsive sizing, TypeScript typing, SSR/Next.js compatibility, accessibility, and performance. Triggers on: 'create a chart', 'add a D3 visualization', 'build a graph component', 'data visualization', 'interactive chart', 'force-directed graph', 'bar chart', 'line chart', 'heatmap', 'scatter plot', 'pie chart', 'chord diagram'.

D3.js for React — Pixel-Perfect from Figma

Every chart MUST match its Figma design 100%. Follow the steps below in order.

---

Step 1: Extract from Figma

mcp0_get_screenshot --nodeId <chart-node-id>
mcp0_get_design_context --nodeId <chart-node-id>
mcp0_get_variable_defs --nodeId <chart-node-id>

---

Step 2: Analyze Chart Properties

Study the Figma screenshot and answer these before writing any code:

Chart type — line / multi-line / area / bar / grouped bar / scatter / pie / heatmap / other? Area fills? — yes (area chart) or no (line chart only)? Series count — how many lines/bars? Count precisely. Line behavior — converging, diverging, parallel, spread from one point?

Lines/shapes — color (hex), thickness (px), opacity, style (solid/dashed/dotted), dash pattern, curve type (curveLinear / curveMonotoneX) Special lines — average/median/threshold? Style (e.g., white dashed)? Fills/gradients — direction, stops, opacity, or none?

Axes — Y labels (values, font, color, size), Y title (text, rotation), X labels, axis line color/thickness Grid — horizontal lines (color, style), vertical lines (present? color, style)

Colors on dark bg — grid #232b3e, axis #8596bb, labels #7184af, title #ebeef4 (see AGENTS.md dark context rules)

Legend — position, items, symbols

---

Step 2b: Extract Shape Fill Patterns (MANDATORY for ALL chart types)

⛔ DO NOT guess fill patterns for ANY shape. Always extract from Figma first.

Figma DataViz shapes (bars, area fills, pie slices, scatter dots, line strokes, heatmap cells) often use multi-layer composites — not simple solid colors. Every shape type can have gradients, masks, textures, and blend modes. You MUST extract the exact layer structure before writing any fill/stroke code.

Which shapes to extract

Chart type	Shape atoms to find
Bar / Grouped bar / Histogram	.Atom / Bar / V or .Atom / Bar / H
Area chart	Area fill path — look for <path> with fill + gradient/mask
Line chart	Line stroke — look for stroke gradients, glow effects, or dashed patterns
Pie / Donut	Slice segments — look for radial gradients, stroke separators
Scatter / Bubble	Dot/circle atoms — look for radial gradients, opacity, blur/glow
Heatmap / Matrix	Cell rectangles — look for color scales, opacity mapping
Treemap	Nested rectangles — look for fill patterns, border styles
Sankey / Chord	Flow paths — look for gradient fills along path direction

Extraction workflow

1. Find the shape atom node — In the chart's design context, locate the individual shape element. Look for names like .Atom / Bar / V, Bar / V, Slice, Dot, Area, Line, or similar. Note its node ID.

2. Screenshot the shape atom at full zoom:

   mcp0_get_screenshot --nodeId <shape-atom-node-id>
   

3. Get the shape atom's design context:

   mcp0_get_design_context --nodeId <shape-atom-node-id>
   

4. Identify the layer structure — Read the design context and map each layer:

   Layer	What to look for in Figma	SVG equivalent
   Base fill/stroke	bg-[var(--data-viz/...)] — solid color	fill={color} or stroke={color}
   Gradient	bg-gradient-to-* or linear-gradient(...)	<linearGradient> or <radialGradient> in <defs>
   Opacity mask	bg-gradient-* inside a mask or overflow-clip div	SVG <mask> with gradient fill
   Tiling texture	bg-size-[Wpx_Hpx] + backgroundImage: url(...) + opacity-*	SVG <pattern> with repeating elements
   Blend overlay	mix-blend-plus-lighter, mix-blend-overlay, etc.	SVG style={{ mixBlendMode }} or skip if subtle
   Blur / glow	blur(...), drop-shadow(...)	SVG <filter> with

Key rules (apply to ALL shape types)

• Never assume solid fills — Always check. Even a simple-looking bar or area fill may have gradient + texture layers.
• Mask ≠ overlay — A Figma mask controls the visibility of the layer below. It does NOT paint color on top. In SVG, use <mask> (white = visible, black = hidden). Never use fill="black" as a painted overlay.
• Gradient direction matters — from-black to-rgba(0,0,0,0.08) in a Figma mask = opacity mask where one end is fully visible and the other fades out. Map the direction (to-b = top→bottom, to-r = left→right, to-br = diagonal) to SVG gradient x1/y1/x2/y2.
• Textures inside masks fade together — If a tiling pattern and a gradient share the same mask container, apply the same SVG <mask> to both layers.
• Check line/texture direction visually — Download the tile image. Horizontal lines = pattern repeats vertically. Vertical lines = pattern repeats horizontally. Diagonal = both. Never assume — always inspect.
• Tile size — The Figma bg-size value (e.g., 14.08px × 14.08px) is the SVG <pattern> width/height.
• Area chart gradients — Often fade from the line color at the top to transparent at the bottom. Use <linearGradient> with stopOpacity.
• Line stroke gradients — Some lines change color along their length. Use <linearGradient> applied to stroke.
• Radial gradients — Used in pie slices, scatter dots, and radial charts. Use <radialGradient> with cx/cy/r.

SVG template: shape with gradient opacity mask + line texture

<defs>
  {/* Opacity mask: adjust direction (x1,y1→x2,y2) per Figma gradient */}
  <linearGradient id="shape-mask-grad" x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="1">
    <stop offset="0%" stopColor="white" stopOpacity="1" />
    <stop offset="100%" stopColor="white" stopOpacity="0.08" />
  </linearGradient>
  <mask id="shape-mask" maskContentUnits="objectBoundingBox">
    <rect width="1" height="1" fill="url(#shape-mask-grad)" />
  </mask>
  {/* Tiling line pattern — adjust width/height per Figma bg-size */}
  <pattern id="shape-lines" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse" width="100" height="3.5">
    <rect width="100" height="3.5" fill="white" />
    <rect = = = = />
  </pattern>
</defs>

{}
<path d={shapePath} fill={shapeColor} mask= />
{}
<path d={shapePath} fill= mask= opacity= />

SVG template: area chart with gradient fill

<defs>
  <linearGradient id="area-grad" x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="1">
    <stop offset="0%" stopColor={lineColor} stopOpacity="0.4" />
    <stop offset="100%" stopColor={lineColor} stopOpacity="0" />
  </linearGradient>
</defs>
<path d={areaPath} fill="url(#area-grad)" />
<path d={linePath} fill="none" stroke={lineColor} strokeWidth={2} />

---

Step 3: Research D3 Example via Playwright

Look up the matching example from references/d3-examples-catalog.md (167 examples):

Chart Type	Example to Open
Line	https://observablehq.com/@d3/line-chart
Multi-line	https://observablehq.com/@d3/multi-line-chart
Area	https://observablehq.com/@d3/area-chart
Bar	https://observablehq.com/@d3/bar-chart
Grouped bar	https://observablehq.com/@d3/grouped-bar-chart
Stacked bar	https://observablehq.com/@d3/stacked-bar-chart
Scatter	https://observablehq.com/@d3/scatterplot
Pie	https://observablehq.com/@d3/pie-chart
Force graph	https://observablehq.com/@d3/force-directed-graph
Treemap	https://observablehq.com/@d3/treemap
Sankey	https://observablehq.com/@d3/sankey

Open it in Playwright MCP:

mcp1_browser_navigate --url "<example-url>"
mcp1_browser_take_screenshot --type png --filename "d3-example-ref.png"
mcp1_browser_snapshot   # read the D3 code cells

Extract from the example: scale types, shape generator, curve type, axis config, data structure, margin convention, interaction patterns.

Key rule:

• D3 example → correct API patterns (scales, generators, bindings)
• Figma → exact visual styling (colors, fonts, spacing, opacity)
• Never copy example colors. Always copy example D3 patterns.

---

Step 4: Implement

Combine D3 patterns (Step 3) + Figma styling (Step 2).

SVG attributes must use exact Figma values:

// ❌ WRONG
stroke="steelblue" strokeWidth={2}

// ✅ RIGHT
stroke="#7b8ec8" strokeWidth={1} opacity={0.45}

SVG text must use inline attributes, not Tailwind:

// ❌ WRONG
className="fill-gray-600 font-body"

// ✅ RIGHT
fill="#7184af" fontFamily="Titillium Web, sans-serif" fontSize={12}

Choose approach (see references/chart-patterns.md for full examples):

• Approach B (Declarative JSX) — D3 for math only, React renders SVG. Use for simple charts.
• Approach A (Imperative useRef+useEffect) — D3 owns the DOM. Use when you need zoom/drag/force/brush/transitions.

Approach A requires: 'use client' + dynamic(() => import(...), { ssr: false }) for Next.js.

---

Step 5: Validate (Iterative Loop)

1. 📸 mcp0_get_screenshot --nodeId <chart-node-id>     (Figma)
2. 🏗️ npx nx build web-app                              (verify no errors)
3. 📸 npx playwright screenshot <url> <file>             (implementation)
4. 👁️ Compare: chart type, line count, colors, styles, grid, legend, density
5. 🔄 If mismatch → fix → go to step 2
   ✅ If match → done

---

Step 6: Common Pitfalls

Figma Shows	Mistake	Fix
Lines without area fills	Using d3.area()	Use d3.line() only
~25 thin transparent lines	5-8 thick opaque lines	25+ lines, opacity: 0.4
White dashed average line	Hardcoded average	Make it a prop
Vertical grid lines	Only horizontal grids	Add vertical <line> elements
Lines with bumps	Smooth monotonic lines	Add realistic data variation
Dense clustered band	Evenly spread lines	Cluster most lines in the dense range
Dark background	Light-mode CSS fallbacks	Use dark-context tokens
Shape with gradient+texture	Guessing solid fill	Run Step 2b: extract shape atom from Figma first
Figma mask layer	Painting black/white overlay on top	Use SVG <mask> (white=visible, black=hidden)
Tiling line/dot texture	Wrong direction or spacing	Download tile image, inspect visually, read bg-size
Gradient on shape	Adding separate color overlay	Gradient controls shape opacity via <mask>, not a painted layer
Area fill gradient	Solid color or wrong direction	Extract gradient stops + direction from Figma area path
Line stroke with glow	Plain solid stroke	Check for blur/shadow filters, add SVG <filter> if present

---

Storybook: Mandatory Dark + Light

Every chart story MUST export Dark (primary) and Light:

export const Dark: Story = {
  parameters: { backgrounds: { default: 'dark', values: [{ name: 'dark', value: '#020712' }] } },
};
export const Light: Story = {
  parameters: { backgrounds: { default: 'light', values: [{ name: 'light', value: '#ffffff' }] } },
};

Dark is primary. Additional variants (e.g., Empty, FewLines) also use dark background.

---

Quick Reference

Topic	Where
Full chart code examples (bar, line, scatter, pie, heatmap, chord, force)	references/chart-patterns.md
Tooltips, zoom, drag, brush, transitions	references/interactivity.md
167 official D3 Observable examples	references/d3-examples-catalog.md
Responsive sizing (ResizeObserver hook)	references/chart-patterns.md → Responsive section
TypeScript typing for D3	references/chart-patterns.md → TypeScript section
SSR / Next.js compatibility	Approach A: dynamic(import, {ssr:false}). Approach B: works as-is.
React StrictMode	Always svg.selectAll('*').remove() at start of useEffect
Accessibility	<svg role="img" aria-label="..."><title>...</title><desc>...</desc>
Performance	>1000 elements → use <canvas>. Memoize scales with useMemo.

---

Install

npm install d3 && npm install -D @types/d3