finance-close-checklist

name	finance-close-checklist
department	finance-controller
description	Use when orchestrating monthly or quarterly close. Covers the close calendar, sub-ledger cutoffs, accruals, reclass entries, and post-close review. Do not use for individual reconciliations (use finance-reconciliation) or journal-entry construction (use finance-journal-entries).
version	1
triggers	["close","month-end","quarter-end","close calendar","cutoff","accrual run","recurring entries","post-close","sub-ledger close"]

Finance Close Checklist

Purpose

Orchestrate a monthly or quarterly close from sub-ledger cutoff through period lock. The deliverable is a day-by-day calendar with owners, dependencies, and sign-off gates — the close as a control, not as a scramble.

Scope Constraints

• Produces the close calendar, accrual schedule, sign-off matrix, and post-close adjustment log; does not post entries (handoff to finance-journal-entries) or perform individual reconciliations (handoff to finance-reconciliation).
• Covers monthly and quarterly close; year-end / annual report close adds disclosure work routed through the RegRep specialist.
• Does not produce variance commentary itself — that handoff goes to finance-variance-analysis.

Inputs

• Period being closed (month / quarter / year-end), with target close +N
• Sub-ledger inventory (AR, AP, payroll, inventory, fixed assets, intercompany, others)
• Recurring-entry catalog (standing accruals, depreciation, amortization, allocations)
• Consolidation structure (entities, intercompany pairs, currency mix)
• Materiality threshold for post-close adjustments (per firm policy)
• Prior-period close calendar for baseline cadence
• Sign-off matrix (preparer / reviewer / approver per SoD policy)

Input Sanitization

All inputs are read-only artifacts. No user-supplied values are interpolated into commands or file paths. Entity codes, account numbers, and sub-ledger identifiers are validated against the COA and entity master before use.

Procedure

Progress Checklist

• Step 1: Confirm Sub-Ledger Cutoffs
• Step 2: Run Scheduled Accruals and Recurring Entries
• Step 3: Reconcile Balance-Sheet Accounts (handoff to finance-reconciliation)
• Step 4: Run Consolidation and Intercompany Eliminations
• Step 5: Generate Trial Balance and Variance Commentary (handoff to finance-variance-analysis)
• Step 6: Post-Close Adjustments
• Step 7: Sign-Off and Lock Period

Step 1: Confirm Sub-Ledger Cutoffs

For each sub-ledger, confirm cutoff timing and the last entry that will be included:

• AR — invoice cutoff, cash-receipts cutoff, credit-memo cutoff
• AP — invoice receipt cutoff, expense-report cutoff, manual-vendor cutoff
• Payroll — pay-period boundary, accrued-payroll calculation
• Inventory — physical / cycle count, in-transit treatment, standard-cost roll
• Fixed assets — additions, disposals, depreciation run, impairment review
• Intercompany — settlement cutoff, FX rate fix

Document each cutoff with an owner and a cutoff timestamp.

Step 2: Run Scheduled Accruals and Recurring Entries

Execute the recurring-entry catalog in dependency order:

• Standing accruals (utilities, professional fees, bonus, vacation)
• Depreciation and amortization
• Allocations (overhead, shared services)
• Lease accounting (ASC 842 / IFRS 16) entries
• Reversing entries from prior period (verify they actually reversed)

Cross-check actuals against accrual estimates; flag delta > materiality threshold for true-up.

Step 3: Reconcile Balance-Sheet Accounts

Hand off each balance-sheet account to finance-reconciliation. Track completion in the sign-off matrix. Reconciliation completion is a gate to Step 4.

Step 4: Run Consolidation and Intercompany Eliminations

• Translate foreign entities (ASC 830 / IAS 21): income statement at average rate, balance sheet at period-end rate, equity at historical, CTA to OCI.
• Eliminate intercompany payables / receivables, intercompany sales / cost, intercompany profit in inventory.
• Confirm intercompany pairs net to zero by entity pair and by account.

Step 5: Generate Trial Balance and Variance Commentary

Produce the consolidated trial balance and bridge to prior period and to plan. Hand off to finance-variance-analysis for commentary on actual-vs-plan and actual-vs-prior. Variance completion is a gate to Step 6.

Step 6: Post-Close Adjustments

For items identified after the trial-balance freeze:

• Below materiality threshold → log in passed-adjustment schedule
• Above threshold → re-open period, post adjustment via finance-journal-entries, re-run consolidation
• Document each adjustment with owner, root cause, and prevention plan

Step 7: Sign-Off and Lock Period

Capture sign-offs per the SoD matrix (preparer / reviewer / approver). Lock the period in the GL. Distribute close package: trial balance, variance commentary, sign-off matrix, post-close adjustment log.

Compaction resilience: If context was lost during a long session, re-read the Inputs section to reconstruct the period and sub-ledger inventory, check the Progress Checklist for completed steps, then resume from the earliest incomplete step.

Handoff

• For each balance-sheet account, hand off to finance-reconciliation.
• For each accrual or adjustment entry, hand off to finance-journal-entries.
• For variance commentary on the consolidated trial balance, hand off to finance-variance-analysis.
• If the close reveals a control failure, emit a cross-specialist handoff to the Auditor specialist (and finance-controls-audit).

Output Format

# Close Package: [Period]

## Close Calendar
| Day | Date | Activity | Owner | Predecessor | Status |
|-----|------|----------|-------|-------------|--------|
| -1 | ... | Sub-ledger cutoff communications | ... | — | ... |
| 0  | ... | Period-end | ... | — | ... |
| +1 | ... | AR / AP cutoff confirmations | ... | Day 0 | ... |
| +2 | ... | Accrual run | ... | Day +1 | ... |
| +3 | ... | Recon kickoff | ... | Day +2 | ... |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| +N | ... | Period lock | ... | Sign-offs | ... |

## Sub-Ledger Cutoff Confirmations
| Sub-Ledger | Cutoff Timestamp | Owner | Confirmed |
|------------|------------------|-------|-----------|
| AR | ... | ... | [ ] |
| AP | ... | ... | [ ] |
| Payroll | ... | ... | [ ] |
| Inventory | ... | ... | [ ] |
| Fixed Assets | ... | ... | [ ] |
| Intercompany | ... | ... | [ ] |

## Accrual Schedule
| # | Description | Account | Amount | Reverses | Owner |
|---|-------------|---------|--------|----------|-------|
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |

## Sign-Off Matrix
| Step | Preparer | Reviewer | Approver |
|------|----------|----------|----------|
| Sub-ledger cutoffs | ... | ... | ... |
| Accrual run | ... | ... | ... |
| Reconciliations | ... | ... | ... |
| Consolidation | ... | ... | ... |
| Trial balance / variance | ... | ... | ... |
| Period lock | ... | ... | ... |

## Post-Close Adjustment Log
| # | Description | Amount | Above / Below Threshold | Disposition | Root Cause |
|---|-------------|--------|------------------------|-------------|------------|
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |

## Close Conclusion
- [ ] All sub-ledgers closed and reconciled
- [ ] All recurring + accrual entries posted
- [ ] Consolidation and intercompany eliminations clean
- [ ] Trial balance signed off; variance commentary distributed
- [ ] Period locked at: [timestamp]

Quality Checks

• Every calendar day has an owner and a predecessor (or "—" if independent)
• All sub-ledger cutoffs have a confirmed timestamp before accrual run starts
• Recurring-entry catalog ran in dependency order; reversal of prior-period entries verified
• Every balance-sheet account has a reconciliation in the sign-off matrix
• Intercompany nets to zero by entity pair and by account
• Materiality threshold cited (with policy reference) before post-close adjustments are classified
• Sign-off matrix enforces preparer ≠ reviewer ≠ approver where SoD policy requires three roles
• Period lock has a timestamp and an approver of record

Evolution Notes