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slide-design Visual hierarchy, data visualization, and minimal text patterns for impactful presentations
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name slide-design description Visual hierarchy, data visualization, and minimal text patterns for impactful presentations tier extended applyTo **/*slide*,**/*presentation*,**/*deck*
Skill: Slide Design Principles
Visual hierarchy, data visualization, and minimal text patterns for impactful presentations.
Metadata
Field Value Skill ID slide-design Version 1.0.0 Category Communication Difficulty Intermediate Prerequisites None Related Skills executive-storytelling, defense-presentation
Overview
Great slides don't display information—they communicate insights . This skill provides principles for designing slides that enhance (not compete with) the speaker's message.
The Core Principle
Slides support the speaker. The speaker is not the slides' teleprompter.
Module 1: Visual Hierarchy
The 3-Second Rule Viewers should understand the slide's main point in 3 seconds.
Test : Show slide briefly, cover it, ask "What was the point?" If they can't answer, redesign.
Hierarchy Elements Element Purpose Usage Title Main takeaway Full sentence, not label Visual Evidence/illustration Center of attention Supporting text Clarification Minimal, if any Source Credibility Small, bottom corner
Z-Pattern and F-Pattern Z-Pattern (for sparse slides):
[Title/Headline]
↘
[Supporting visual/data]
↘
[Conclusion/CTA]
F-Pattern (for text-heavy slides):
[Strong headline] ← First scan
[Key point 1] ← Second scan
[Key point 2]
[Supporting detail fades...]
White Space White space is not empty—it's breathing room for ideas.
Mistake Fix Cramped margins 10% margin on all sides minimum No padding between elements Visual grouping with space Text wall Break into digestible chunks
Module 2: The Assertion-Evidence Model
Traditional vs. Assertion-Evidence Title: Q4 Sales Results
• Revenue: $2.3M
• Growth: 15%
• New customers: 47
• Retention: 92%
Assertion-Evidence (strong):
Title: Q4 revenue grew 15% to $2.3M—our best quarter ever
[Bar chart showing growth trend]
Structure Component Traditional Assertion-Evidence Title Topic label Full-sentence claim Body Bullet points Visual evidence Cognitive load High (decoding) Low (supporting)
Application
Write the assertion (what you want them to believe)
Find/create visual evidence (chart, diagram, image)
Remove all unnecessary text
Test: Does the visual prove the assertion?
Module 3: Data Visualization
Chart Selection Guide Data Type Best Chart Avoid Comparison Bar chart Pie (hard to compare) Trend over time Line chart Stacked bar Part of whole Stacked bar, treemap 3D pie Relationship Scatter plot Bar chart Distribution Histogram, box plot Pie chart
Visualization Principles
❌ "Revenue 2020-2025"
✅ "Revenue doubled in 5 years"
Remove gridlines (or make very light)
Remove 3D effects
Remove unnecessary legends
Remove borders and boxes
Color the key data point differently
Use annotations to point to insight
Grey out non-essential data
Round numbers ($2.3M not $2,347,891)
Start axis at zero (unless change is the story)
Use consistent intervals
Before/After Example [3D pie chart with 8 slices, legend on side,
percentages on each slice, title "Q4 Breakdown"]
Title: "AI projects drove 40% of Q4 revenue"
[Simple horizontal bar chart, AI highlighted in blue,
others in grey, percentages inline]
Module 4: Typography
Font Guidelines Element Recommendation Font family Sans-serif (Calibri, Arial, Segoe UI) Title size 32-44pt Body size 24-28pt Min readable 18pt (even for source notes) Max fonts 2 (one for titles, one for body)
Text Rules Rule Rationale No sentences in bullets Bullets are prompts, not scripts 6 words or less per bullet Forces concision Max 3 bullets per slide Cognitive limit Left-align text Easier to read than centered No ALL CAPS paragraphs Harder to read
Contrast
Dark text on light background (default)
Light text on dark/image requires high contrast
Test: Squint at slide—can you still read it?
Module 5: Color and Images
Color Palette Purpose Color Choice Primary One dominant brand color Accent For highlighting key data Neutral Greys for supporting elements Avoid Red/green together (colorblind)
The 60-30-10 Rule
60% primary/neutral (background, most content)
30% secondary (supporting elements)
10% accent (calls to action, key insights)
Image Guidelines Do Don't High resolution (1920x1080+) Pixelated images Relevant to point Clip art Full-bleed when impactful Stretched/distorted Consistent style Stock photo clichés
Image Sources Source Type License Unsplash Photography Free, attribution optional Pexels Photography Free Flaticon Icons Free with attribution The Noun Project Icons Subscription or attribution
Module 6: Slide Types
Title Slide ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ [Compelling Title] │
│ Subtitle / Context │
│ │
│ Author | Date │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
Section Divider ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ │
│ Section Title │
│ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
Minimal text, bold color, signals transition.
Data Slide ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Insight as full sentence headline │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ [Chart/Visualization] │
│ │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Source: Data source │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
Full-Image Slide ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ [Full-bleed image] │
│ │
│ Quote or key point │
│ (white text with shadow) │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
Comparison Slide ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Comparison headline │
├──────────────────┬──────────────────────┤
│ Option A │ Option B │
│ [Visual] │ [Visual] │
│ Key points │ Key points │
└──────────────────┴──────────────────────┘
Quick Reference
Slide Design Checklist
The "Billboard Test" Pretend your slide is a highway billboard:
Would someone get the point at 65 mph?
Can they read it in 3 seconds?
Is one thing clearly most important?
Common Mistakes Mistake Fix Reading slides aloud Slides are visual aid, not script Too many animations Simple fades, if any Inconsistent styling Use master slides/templates Busy backgrounds Solid colors or very subtle Logos on every slide Title and closing only
Activation Patterns Trigger Response "slide design", "presentation design" Full skill activation "data visualization", "charts" Module 3 "assertion-evidence" Module 2 "too much text", "clean up slides" Simplification guidance "defense slides", "dissertation presentation" Link to defense-presentation skill
Skill created: 2026-02-10 | Category: Communication | Status: Active