slack-app-developer

name

slack-app-developer

description

Build interactive Slack apps using the Bolt for Python framework with Block Kit UI, modals, slash commands, shortcuts, events, Socket Mode, and Web API integration. Use when building Slack bots, interactive Slack apps, Slack integrations with external services (REST API, webhooks, WebSocket), apps with buttons/modals/forms in Slack, Workflow Builder custom steps, or any Slack platform development. Triggers on Slack app code, slack_bolt, Block Kit JSON, app manifests, or Slack API usage.

Slack App Developer

Build interactive Slack apps in Python that integrate with external services via REST API, webhooks, or WebSocket using Bolt for Python.

Package: slack_bolt | Min Version: Python 3.7+

Quick Start

1. Create Project

slack create my-app --template slack-samples/bolt-python-getting-started-app
cd my-app && python3 -m venv .venv && source .venv/bin/activate && pip install -r requirements.txt

2. Set Environment Variables

export SLACK_BOT_TOKEN=xoxb-...    # OAuth & Permissions page
export SLACK_APP_TOKEN=xapp-...    # Basic Information > App-Level Tokens (connections:write scope)

3. Minimal App

import os
from slack_bolt import App
from slack_bolt.adapter.socket_mode import SocketModeHandler

app = App(token=os.environ["SLACK_BOT_TOKEN"])

@app.message("hello")
def message_hello(message, say):
    say(f"Hey there <@{message['user']}>!")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    SocketModeHandler(app, os.environ["SLACK_APP_TOKEN"]).start()

4. Manifest

Every app needs a manifest.json. Minimal example:

{
  "display_information": { "name": "My App" },
  "features": {
    "bot_user": { "display_name": "MyBot", "always_online": true }
  },
  "oauth_config": {
    "scopes": { "bot": ["channels:history", "chat:write", "im:history"] }
  },
  "settings": {
    "event_subscriptions": { "bot_events": ["message.channels", "message.im"] },
    "interactivity": { "is_enabled": true },
    "socket_mode_enabled": true
  }
}

Core Concepts

Critical Rule: Acknowledge within 3 seconds

All actions, commands, shortcuts, options, and view submissions MUST call ack() immediately. Do heavy work after acknowledging.

Listener Types

Type	Decorator	Use Case
Messages	@app.message(pattern)	React to messages
Events	@app.event(type)	React to Slack events
Actions	@app.action(action_id)	Button clicks, menu selects
Commands	@app.command("/cmd")	Slash commands
Shortcuts	@app.shortcut(callback_id)	Global/message shortcuts
Views	@app.view(callback_id)	Modal submissions
Options	@app.options(action_id)	Dynamic select menus
Custom Steps	@app.function(callback_id)	Workflow Builder steps

Listener Arguments

Common args available in all listeners (injected via kwargs):

• ack - Acknowledge the request (required for actions/commands/shortcuts/views)
• say - Send message to originating channel
• respond - Reply using response_url
• client - WebClient for Slack API calls
• body - Full request payload
• logger - Logger instance
• context - Enrichable context dictionary

Additional by type:

• Actions: action (triggered element data)
• Events: event (event data)
• Commands: command (command data)
• Shortcuts: shortcut (shortcut data)
• Views: view (view state with input values)
• Custom Steps: inputs, complete, fail

Input Value Access Pattern

For modal submissions, values are at:

val = view["state"]["values"]["block_id"]["action_id"]["value"]

Python Web API Method Names

Python uses underscores instead of dots: chat_postMessage, views_open, views_update, views_publish, reactions_add.

Workflow Decision Tree

User wants to...

• Send notifications to Slack from external service -> Incoming Webhooks or Web API chat_postMessage
• Respond to messages/keywords -> @app.message() listener
• Add slash commands -> @app.command() + manifest slash_commands
• Collect user input -> Open modal with client.views_open(), handle with @app.view()
• React to button clicks/menus -> @app.action() listener
• Show a dashboard per user -> App Home with @app.event('app_home_opened') + views_publish
• Create Workflow Builder steps -> @app.function() with manifest functions definition
• Call external API from Slack -> Action/command handler makes HTTP request
• Receive external webhooks -> Custom route with Flask adapter
• Real-time bidirectional sync -> Background WebSocket thread + Slack Socket Mode

References

Consult these based on the task:

• Bolt Python patterns and code: Read references/bolt-python.md for all listener examples, Socket Mode, async, lazy listeners (FaaS), middleware, error handling, Web API, custom steps
• Block Kit, modals, and interactivity: Read references/interactivity-and-block-kit.md for block types, interactive elements, modal structure, payload types, response URLs, incoming webhooks
• Manifest, tokens, events, deployment: Read references/manifest-and-config.md for full manifest schema, token types, OAuth scopes, Events API, Socket Mode vs HTTP, security, rate limits, Lambda deployment
• External service integration: Read references/integration-patterns.md for Slack-to-API, API-to-Slack, bidirectional WebSocket, approval workflows, webhook receivers

Key Gotchas

• trigger_id expires in 3 seconds and is single-use - open modals immediately after ack()
• Global shortcuts do NOT include channel ID - use conversations_select in modal if needed
• response_url is valid for 30 minutes, max 5 uses, default ephemeral
• Modal title max 24 characters, private_metadata max 3000 characters
• View stack max 3 views deep
• Include hash parameter when calling views_update to prevent race conditions
• For HTTP mode, all Bolt endpoints use /slack/events path
• For view_closed events, set notify_on_close: True when creating the view
• chat_postMessage requires bot to be in channel (or use im:write for DMs)
• Python Web API methods use underscores (chat_postMessage), not dots