| name | trend-analysis |
| description | 基于多维度数据进行分级评估与趋势预测,通过设定差异化增长率计算预测值,并生成对比可视化图表,适用于绩效评估、目标设定等场景。 |
Step1 加载数据并配置环境,设置中文字体以确保可视化图表正常显示。
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['WenQuanYi Zen Hei', 'SimHei', 'DejaVu Sans']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
file_path = 'your_data.xlsx'
df = pd.read_excel(file_path)
print(f"数据形状: {df.shape}")
df.head()
Step2 基于数据表现划分等级并设定差异化增长率,计算预测结果。
group_col = '分组列名'
target_col = '目标数值列名'
performance_data = df.groupby(group_col, as_index=False)[target_col].sum().sort_values(by=target_col, ascending=False)
n = len(performance_data)
high_perf_threshold = int(0.3 * n)
low_perf_threshold = int(0.7 * n)
performance_data['等级'] = '中等'
performance_data.loc[:high_perf_threshold-1, '等级'] = '高'
performance_data.loc[low_perf_threshold:, '等级'] = '低'
growth_rate_map = {
'高': 0.10,
'中等': 0.08,
'低': 0.15
}
performance_data['预测增长率'] = performance_data['等级'].map(growth_rate_map)
performance_data['预测值'] = (performance_data[target_col] * (1 + performance_data['预测增长率'])).round(2)
performance_data[[group_col, target_col, '预测增长率', '预测值']].head()
Step3 综合分析预测结果,计算整体趋势指标并生成结论。
current_total = performance_data[target_col].sum()
forecast_total = performance_data['预测值'].sum()
growth_rate_total = (forecast_total - current_total) / current_total if current_total != 0 else 0
print(f"当前总计: {current_total:,.2f}")
print(f"预测总计: {forecast_total:,.2f}")
print(f"整体增长率: {growth_rate_total:.2%}")
if growth_rate_total > 0.1:
conclusion = "整体趋势向好,预计实现显著增长。"
elif growth_rate_total > 0:
conclusion = "整体呈温和增长态势。"
else:
conclusion = "整体面临压力,需重点关注低绩效部分。"
print(f"趋势结论:{conclusion}")
Step4 可视化展示预测结果,通过横向柱状图对比当前与预测值,并标注等级与数值。
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8), dpi=100)
x_pos = np.arange(len(performance_data))
width = 0.35
plt.barh(x_pos - width/2, performance_data[target_col], width, label='当前值', color='skyblue', edgecolor='black', alpha=0.8)
plt.barh(x_pos + width/2, performance_data['预测值'], width, label='预测值', color='lightcoral', edgecolor='black', alpha=0.8)
for i, (current, forecast) in enumerate(zip(performance_data[target_col], performance_data['预测值'])):
plt.text(current, i - width/2, f" {current:,.0f}", va='center', fontsize=9, color='black')
plt.text(forecast, i + width/2, f" {forecast:,.0f}", va='center', fontsize=9, color='black')
for i, level in enumerate(performance_data['等级']):
plt.text(0, i, f"({level}) ", va='center', ha='right', fontsize=9, color='gray', transform=plt.gca().get_yaxis_transform())
plt.xlabel(f'{target_col}')
plt.ylabel(f'{group_col}')
plt.title(f'各{group_col}当前与预测{target_col}对比', fontsize=14, fontweight='bold')
plt.yticks(x_pos, performance_data[group_col])
plt.legend()
plt.grid(axis='x', linestyle='--', alpha=0.5)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()