windows-control

name	windows-control
description	Control Windows desktop applications: open/operate apps, click controls, type text, scroll, keyboard shortcuts, window management, toggle options, lists and combos, etc. Note: NEVER invoke this skill for opening web pages/visiting websites — use browser-related tools instead. Trigger words: open app, operate app, control computer, click, type, scroll, switch, dropdown, select, modify, change to, set, check, uncheck, app-control, toggle.
compatibility	Windows only. Layer 2 requires autoui-mcp-server MCP server.

Windows Control

Two-layer strategy: Probe first, route fast. For all apps, probe UI Automation (UIA) accessibility first to confirm the tree is usable and contains the target element, then use Layer 1; otherwise switch to Layer 2 immediately to avoid misoperations on an incomplete tree.

Decision: Unified Flow (Probe → Route → Act)

All apps follow the same flow:

1. Probe (Inspect UIA / window) — Lightweight read-only checks that the target window/process exists and automation peers are discoverable.
2. Route (Decision Routing) — Choose Layer 1 or Layer 2 from probe results.
3. Act (Execute Operation) — Perform the operation in the selected layer.

Probe Step (Mandatory, Before Any Operation)

Probe in read-only mode — no clicks, no focus changes that perform actions:

# 1. Process exists
Get-Process -Name "Notepad" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

# 2. List top-level windows with title (filter empty titles if needed)
Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.MainWindowTitle } | Select-Object Name, Id, MainWindowTitle

For deeper UIA inspection from PowerShell (when .NET UIA is available):

Add-Type -AssemblyName UIAutomationClient
Add-Type -AssemblyName UIAutomationTypes
$root = [Windows.Automation.AutomationElement]::RootElement
# Walk children or use WindowPattern — scope narrowly to the target process/main window

If UIA APIs are unavailable or the tree is empty/generic, treat as fail probe → Layer 2.

Route Decision Rules

Probe Result	Route	Reason
Rich control tree; target element identifiable	→ Layer 1	UIA usable
Tree present but target not found	→ Layer 2	Wrong or partial tree
Tree sparse (few elements) or mostly Pane/Custom with no names	→ Layer 2	Unreliable
Errors (access denied, process not found, timeout)	→ Layer 2 (or ask user to run as appropriate / grant access)	UIA unavailable
Many unnamed duplicates	→ Layer 2	Ambiguous

If in doubt after Probe, choose Layer 2.

Out of scope: Web page operations → browser tools only.

Reverse constraint: This skill targets local Windows desktop applications. Never use Playwright MCP browser_* tools (browser_click, browser_select_option, browser_fill_form, browser_type, browser_press_key, browser_hover, browser_drag, browser_snapshot, browser_navigate, browser_screenshot, …) for desktop UI — they only affect web pages. For desktop screenshots or vision steps, use autoui-mcp-server (auto_vision_*, auto_mouse_*, auto_keyboard_*).

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Layer 1: PowerShell + Shell

Run powershell.exe, pwsh.exe, cmd, start, and Windows utilities via the Shell tool.

Prerequisite: Probe indicates UIA (or window focus strategy) is viable. Otherwise skip to Layer 2.

Resolve Application

# Installed apps (Start Menu shortcuts — adjust user name if needed)
Get-ChildItem "$env:ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs" -Recurse -Filter *.lnk -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object FullName
Get-ChildItem "$env:APPDATA\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs" -Recurse -Filter *.lnk -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object FullName

# Running processes with UI
Get-Process | Where-Object MainWindowHandle -ne 0 | Select-Object Name, Id, MainWindowTitle

Open / Focus / Close

Before opening: Resolve the exact executable or shortcut name. Prefer Start-Process with -WindowStyle Normal. Avoid forcing fullscreen.

# Launch
Start-Process "notepad"
Start-Process "C:\Path\App.exe" -ArgumentList '--flag'

# Bring existing to foreground (conceptual — may require Win32 ShowWindow in some cases)
# Prefer UIA / Layer 2 if focus APIs misbehave.

# Close gracefully
Stop-Process -Name "Notepad" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

File / URI

Start-Process "C:\path\file.txt"           # Default handler
Start-Process "msedge" "https://example.com"  # Example browser — still, prefer browser tools for *web* tasks

UIA-Oriented Operations (When Probe Passed)

Use narrowly scoped scripts: find the automation element by AutomationId, Name, or control type, then invoke InvokePattern, ValuePattern, TogglePattern, etc. If scripting becomes brittle, switch to Layer 2.

Keyboard Shortcuts (Windows)

• Ctrl replaces macOS Cmd for most shortcuts (e.g. save: Ctrl+S).
• Alt accesses menus; Alt+F4 closes foreground window.
• Win opens Start; Win+D shows desktop.

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Layer 2: autoui-mcp-server Vision Automation

Same role as on macOS: when UIA is insufficient or visual verification is required.

Do not skip Probe to jump here without reason; once Probe fails, use Layer 2 promptly.

Workflow: plan → act → verify

1. auto_vision_plan(intent='...', context=[...])
2. auto_mouse_click / auto_keyboard_type / auto_mouse_scroll / auto_mouse_drag as appropriate
3. auto_vision_verify(assertion='...')

Notes (Windows)

• Double-click to open files in Explorer may need clicks=2.
• Focus before scroll: click the target region first.
• Never guess coordinates — re-plan when the layout changes.

Tool List

Tool	Purpose
auto_vision_plan	Plan + candidate elements
auto_vision_verify	Visual assertion
auto_mouse_click	Click (incl. double)
auto_mouse_move	Hover
auto_mouse_scroll	Scroll
auto_mouse_drag	Drag
auto_keyboard_type	Text entry
auto_keyboard_press	Key chords

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Guardrails

• Never run destructive commands (Format-Volume, mass Remove-Item -Recurse on system paths, etc.) without explicit user confirmation.
• Never weaken security products or UAC prompts automatically.
• Never type secrets/passwords unless the user supplied them explicitly for that step.
• Probe is read-only — no mutating UI actions during Probe.
• Prefer Layer 2 when UIA is ambiguous; verify after Layer 2 steps.
• No Playwright browser_* for desktop UI; use autoui auto_* only.