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excalidraw-generator

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更新日2026年4月16日 00:58

Use when user asks to draw, create, or generate diagrams, flowcharts, charts, architecture diagrams, wireframes, or visual illustrations. TRIGGER on "draw", "diagram", "flowchart", "chart", "pie chart", "bar chart", "line chart", "architecture diagram", "excalidraw", "visual", "wireframe", "comparison table", "画图", "流程图", "图表", "架构图", "示意图", "生成图", "做个图".

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AlanYu04

AlanYu04/excalidraw-generator-skill

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Excalidraw Diagram Generator

Generate high-quality Excalidraw diagrams via Python script execution using core/ builders.

When to Use

User asks to "draw", "generate diagram", "create flowchart", "make architecture diagram"
User wants visual illustrations for papers, slides, or documentation
User mentions "excalidraw" or asks for diagram generation
User wants bar charts, line charts, pie charts, data visualizations, or comparison tables
User wants to convert SVG icons to Excalidraw elements
User wants to save and reuse custom icons

Step 0: Quick Intent Capture

Clear requests (skip questions)

If the user's request is specific enough (e.g., "画一个 3 步流程图 A->B->C", "draw a CI/CD pipeline with 4 stages"), skip detailed questions and output:

Got it: [diagram type] | ~[N] elements | Style: [vivid/clean/sketch or default]
Saving to: [suggested path]

Then proceed directly to HARD GATE.

Vague requests (ask 3 questions)

If the user's request is vague (e.g., "画个架构图", "make a diagram"), ask these 3 questions together in a single message:

"What diagram?" — Describe the scenario, audience, and purpose.
"Any reference files?" — Provide file paths or say "none". Supported: CSV, JSON, images, .excalidraw files, screenshots.
"Key elements and relationships?" — What should the diagram show?

If the user provides reference files, read them before continuing.

Output before proceeding

Intent confirmed: [diagram type] | [element count] elements | Style: [style]

Step 1: Configuration (Condensed)

Skip entirely if the user already specified these in their request. Otherwise ask at most 3 questions:

"Style? (vivid/clean/sketch or describe)"
"Output format? (.excalidraw or .excalidraw.md)"
"Save path?" (suggest based on current project — MUST confirm before generating)

Style Reference

Style	Colors	Text Size	Gap	Use When
`vivid` (alias: `conference`)	7-color vibrant palette	14-22pt	45px	Impressive, information-rich diagrams
`clean` (alias: `journal`)	Grayscale only	8-14pt	30px	Clear, distraction-free data flow
`sketch` (alias: `ppt`)	Warm multi-color	14-28pt	55px	Approachable, expressive diagrams
`custom`	User-defined from YAML	—	—	Specific visual requirements

HARD GATE: Read Style Prompt (MANDATORY — Before Writing Any Code)

STOP. You MUST execute these steps IN ORDER. Skipping any step = immediate failure.

Steps (ALL required — no exceptions)

Use the Read tool to read prompts/[style]-prompt.md (the file for the user's chosen style).
- If style is not yet chosen, read prompts/conference-prompt.md as default.
- You MUST make a Read tool call — reading from memory or skipping is NOT acceptable.

Output this confirmation to the user (not silently):

> PROMPT CHECK: [style] style loaded.
> 1. [specific rule from the file you just read]
> 2. [specific rule from the file you just read]
> 3. [specific rule from the file you just read]

The rules must be QUOTED from the actual file, not paraphrased from memory.

Bypass Detection

If no Read tool call appears in the conversation before code generation, the HARD GATE was bypassed. The user can verify this by checking the tool call history.

Prompt Rules Summary

Conference / Vivid Style

Grid alignment: All elements snap to 20px invisible grid
Orthographic arrows: Only 90-degree angles, no diagonal arrows
No wasted space: Compact layout, minimal padding
Colors: Academic blue #2B5B84-#4A90E2, coral #E67E22 only for key findings
Font: Helvetica (fontFamily: 2), title 20pt, body 12pt, labels 10pt
Shapes: No border radius, roughness: 0, borders 1.5pt solid
Arrows: Straight only, 1.5pt, no curved/elbowed arrows

Journal / Clean Style

Ultra-compact: Minimum margins, tight spacing
Colorblind-safe: Okabe-Ito palette (Blue #0072B2, Orange #E69F00, Green #009E73, Red #D55E00)
Font: Helvetica/Arial (fontFamily: 2), title 16pt, body 10pt, labels 8pt
Minimum legible text: 7pt at print scale
Shapes: All borders 0.5-1pt solid, roughness: 0, no rounded corners

PPT / Sketch Style

Generous spacing: 50px+ gaps between major elements
Vibrant colors: Blue #1971c2, Teal #0c8599, Orange #e8590c, etc.
Font: Any or Virgil (fontFamily: 1) for handwritten feel, title 28pt, body 16pt
Shapes: Rounded corners, roughness: 1, borders 2pt
Arrows: 2pt, color by semantic role, labels encouraged

Step 2: Generate Diagram

2A. Generation Method

There is ONE method: Python script via core/ builders.

Use auto_labeled_rect(), connect(), below(), right_of() for ALL elements and arrows.
Do NOT write raw .excalidraw JSON by hand.
Do NOT create custom arrow/line helper functions (e.g., ortho_arrow(), bound_ortho_arrow()).
If a builder function is missing what you need, extend core/engine.py first — then use it.

Why: Builder functions enforce grid alignment, auto-compute arrow bindings, and prevent the overlap/patch-hell cycle that comes from hand-positioned coordinates.

2B. Layout Design (MANDATORY OUTPUT — Show to User Before Coding)

STOP. You MUST output a layout table to the user BEFORE writing ANY code. If you write code before showing this table, you have FAILED this step.

Output this exact format:

Layout Plan: [Diagram Name]

Elements

ID Label Type X Y Size
b1 "Input" rect 100 100 auto
b2 "Process" rect r_of(b1) 100 auto
d1 "Valid?" diam mid_x below(b2) 120x80

Connections

From To Direction Label
b1 b2 right
b2 d1 down

Mandatory rules for the layout table:

X and Y coordinates MUST be multiples of 20 (grid snap to invisible 20px grid)
Every element MUST use auto_labeled_rect() — no hardcoded dimensions
Every arrow MUST use connect() — no custom arrow functions
Use right_of(), below(), above() for relative positioning between elements
Verify no bounding boxes overlap before proceeding to code
For CJK text: font_family=5, width factor 1.05x

2B.5 Formula Detection (Auto)

Scan the diagram content for mathematical expressions and decide rendering method:

Use formula() when the content contains ANY of:

LaTeX math syntax: \alpha, \beta, \sum, \prod, \frac{a}{b}, \int, \nabla, \partial
Subscripts/superscripts beyond plain text capability: x_1, a^2, \hat{y}, \bar{x}
Equations: E=mc^2, \hat{y} = f(x), \mathcal{L}(\theta)
Matrix/env notation: \begin{pmatrix}, \begin{bmatrix}
Greek letters used as variables: \lambda, \theta, \omega
Operators/symbols: \times, \div, \leq, \geq, \approx, \infty

Use text_standalone() when:

Plain text, Chinese/English labels, names — no math symbols
Simple notation that renders fine in regular font (e.g., "v1.0", "Step 1", "A → B")

Mixed content:

Render math portions with formula(), plain text portions with text_standalone()
Example: a node labeled "Loss: $\mathcal{L}(\theta)$" → use formula() for the whole label

In the layout table (Step 2B), mark formula elements with type: formula:

| f1 | "E=mc^2" | formula | 200 | 300 | auto |

2C. Generate

Follow the layout table from Step 2B — translate each row into code using builder functions
Use auto_labeled_rect(), connect(), below(), right_of() exclusively
Execute the script to produce the output file

2D. Verify output follows ALL style prompt rules

After generating, cross-check against the style prompt you read in HARD GATE:

Colors match the style palette
Font family and sizes match style rules
Arrow style matches (straight/curved, width)
Roughness and border width match
No rule from the style prompt is violated
No custom arrow/line functions were used (only connect() or bind_arrow())

If any rule is violated, go back to Step 2B and regenerate — do not patch.

Step 2.5: Verification Gate (MANDATORY — Before Delivery)

After generating the diagram file, run verification before telling the user it's done. This step is NOT optional. You MUST execute the verification code and report the result.

Verification Steps

Read the generated .excalidraw JSON file

Run verification using the Bash tool (not just in-memory — execute it):

cd ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator && python3 -c "
import json
from core.engine import verify_layout
with open('[path-to-file]') as f:
  data = json.load(f)
report = verify_layout(data['elements'])
print(json.dumps(report, indent=2, default=str))
"

Check report['status']:

If FAIL (has ERROR-level issues):

DO NOT deliver to user yet
Go back to Step 2B — redesign the layout table with corrected positions
Regenerate from the new layout (NOT patch the old code)
Re-verify (up to 2 redesign attempts)
If still FAIL after 2 redesigns: deliver with explicit FAIL notice in Step 3

If WARN (only WARNING-level issues):

Note the warnings in your output
Proceed to Step 3

If PASS:

Proceed to Step 3 immediately

What to Fix Automatically

Overlapping elements → increase gap between them
Arrow without binding → add startBinding/endBinding or use connect()
Arrow endpoint inside element → for unbound arrows, extend/shorten to edge
Inconsistent spacing → normalize gaps
Fan-in / fan-out collapsed to one center point → distribute start_focus / end_focus and regenerate

What NOT to Fix Automatically (leave for user)

Color choices
Font sizes (unless text overflow detected)
Visual balance (subjective)

Verification Output

Layout verification: [PASS/WARN/FAIL]
  Elements: [N] shapes, [M] arrows
  Overlaps: [count] ([details if any])
  Arrow issues: [count] ([details if any])
  Spacing issues: [count] ([details if any])

Step 3: Deliver

Present the result:

Diagram generated: [path]
Please open in Obsidian to review.

Verification: [PASS/WARN/FAIL] — [summary]

If WARN or FAIL, briefly mention what was detected and whether auto-fix was attempted.

Phase 4: Vision Review (User Feedback Loop)

Trigger

User sends a screenshot OR provides a screenshot file path after viewing the diagram in Obsidian.

How to Receive Screenshots

Drag-and-drop image into Claude Code conversation
Or provide file path: "Look at ~/Screenshots/xxx.png"
Or say "check the diagram" with the file open

Claude Vision Analysis

When the user provides a screenshot, analyze it for these issues:

Critical Issues (always fix):

Any text is overlapping or unreadable
Any arrows pointing in the wrong direction
Any elements completely overlapping
Any arrows not connecting to the right elements
Topology is wrong (wrong flow, missing connections, extra connections)

Visual Quality Issues (fix if obvious): 6. Elements significantly off-center or unbalanced 7. Inconsistent spacing between elements 8. Arrows crossing through other elements unnecessarily 9. Color coding inconsistent with style guide 10. Elements too small to read labels

Analysis Output Format

## Vision Review

### Critical Issues
1. **[Element/Issue]**: [problem] — [fix suggestion]

### Visual Quality Issues
2. **[Issue]**: [fix suggestion]

### Recommended Actions
1. [specific fix]
2. [specific fix]

Fix and regenerate? (yes/no)

Fix & Regenerate Flow

Apply all critical fixes to the script or JSON
Re-execute
Run Step 2.5 verification again
Save and tell user new file is ready
User reviews again

Iteration Limit

Max 3 vision review cycles
After 3 cycles without approval → ask user if they want to simplify the diagram structure

Escape Valve

User can say "just save it" at any point to accept current state.

Step 5: Core Builder Functions

These Python functions are available for diagram generation. Import them from the core engine:

# === Shapes ===
rect(x, y, w, h, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, fill_style="solid", stroke_style="solid")
ellipse(x, y, w, h, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, fill_style="solid")
diamond(x, y, w, h, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, fill_style="solid")

# === Labeled Shapes (containerId binding -- auto-centers text) ===
labeled_rect(x, y, w, h, label, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid", stroke_style="solid")
labeled_ellipse(x, y, w, h, label, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid")
labeled_diamond(x, y, w, h, label, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid")

# === Auto-sized Labeled Shape (dimensions from text) ===
auto_labeled_rect(x, y, label, padding=10, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid", stroke_style="solid", min_width=None, min_height=None)

# === Text ===
text_standalone(cx, cy, txt, fs=20, color="#1e1e1e", font_family=5, roughness=0, text_align="center", max_width=None)

# === Connectors ===
arrow(x, y, dx=0, dy=0, *, x2=None, y2=None, stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1)
line(x, y, dx=0, dy=0, *, x2=None, y2=None, stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1)
bind_arrow(arrow_el, start_el, end_el, gap=2, start_focus=None, end_focus=None)
connect(start_el, end_el, stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, gap=8, elbowed=False, start_focus=None, end_focus=None)

# === Layout Helpers (prevent overlap) ===
below(y, h, gap=10)
right_of(x, w, gap=10)
above(y, gap=10)

# === Structure ===
frame(x, y, w, h, name="Frame", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2)
group(elements)

# === Layout Verification (Self-Check) ===
check_overlaps(elements, tolerance=3)    # Returns list of overlap issues
check_arrow_bindings(elements)           # Returns list of arrow binding issues
check_spacing(elements, min_gap=20)      # Returns list of spacing issues
verify_layout(elements)                  # Returns full report with status

# === Charts ===
bar_chart(x, y, data, title=None, ...)
horizontal_bar_chart(x, y, data, title=None, ...)
line_chart(x, y, data, labels, title=None, ...)
pie_chart(x, y, data, title=None, ...)

# === Icons (39 built-in) ===
icon(name, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, stroke="#495057", sw=2, roughness=1)
list_icons()

# === Icon Library (persistent, searchable) ===
save_icon(name, elements, description="", tags=None, source="custom")
load_icon(name, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0)
find_icons(query, limit=5, use_embeddings=False)

# === AI Icon Generation ===
configure(api_url, api_key, model="gemini-2.0-flash")
generate_icon(description, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)

# === SVG Converter ===
svg_to_elements(svg_string, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)
svg_file_to_elements(filepath, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)

# === LaTeX Formula ===
formula(latex_str, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)

# === Other ===
numbered_circle(cx, cy, num, fill, stroke)
image_embed(x, y, w, h, base64_data, mime="image/png")

# === Output ===
save_excalidraw(filepath, elements, bg="#ffffff", files=None)
save_obsidian_md(filepath, elements, bg="#ffffff", files=None)
save(filepath, elements, bg="#ffffff", files=None)

Text Centering

The engine uses containerId binding for auto-centering text in shapes. For standalone text, CJK-aware width estimation:

CJK characters: ~1.05x font size
ASCII characters: ~0.62x font size
Spaces: ~0.35x font size

Font families: 1 = Virgil (handwritten), 2 = Helvetica, 3 = Cascadia (monospace), 5 = Excalidraw (recommended default — clean handwritten, works for both CJK and Latin)

Step 6: Common Diagram Patterns

Flow Diagram (left-to-right)

from core.engine import labeled_rect, arrow

for i, (label, color) in enumerate(items):
    x = start_x + i * (box_w + gap)
    elements += labeled_rect(x, y, box_w, box_h, label, fill=color)
    if i < len(items) - 1:
        elements.append(arrow(x + box_w + pad, y + box_h/2, gap - 2*pad, 0))

Comparison Table

from core.engine import labeled_rect, below

x = start_x
for row_data in rows:
    for col_data, col_width in zip(row_data, col_widths):
        elements += labeled_rect(x, y, col_width, row_h, col_data)
        x += col_width
    y = below(y, row_h)

Decision Flow (vertical)

from core.engine import labeled_ellipse, labeled_diamond, labeled_rect, arrow, bind_arrow

start = labeled_ellipse(x, y, 100, 50, "Start", fill="#d0f0c0")
step1 = labeled_rect(x, y + 100, 200, 60, "Input")
dec   = labeled_diamond(x, y + 200, 160, 100, "Valid?")
yes   = labeled_rect(x, y + 340, 200, 60, "Success", fill="#d0f0c0")
no    = labeled_rect(x + 240, y + 220, 160, 60, "Error", fill="#ffc9c9")

a1 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+50, y+50, 0, 50), start[0], step1[0])
a2 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+100, y+160, 0, 40), step1[0], dec[0])
a3 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+80, y+300, 0, 40), dec[0], yes[0])
a4 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+160, y+250, 80, 0), dec[0], no[0])
elements = [*start, *step1, *dec, *yes, *no, a1, a2, a3, a4]

Connected Flow (using connect)

from core.engine import auto_labeled_rect, connect, below

b1 = auto_labeled_rect(100, 100, "Input Data", fs=14, fill="#a5d8ff", stroke="#1971c2")
b2 = auto_labeled_rect(100, below(100, b1[0]["height"], gap=40), "Process", fs=14)
a1 = connect(b1[0], b2[0])
elements = [*b1, *b2, a1]

Bar Chart

from core.charts import bar_chart

elements = bar_chart(
    x=50, y=100,
    data={"React": 85, "Vue": 72, "Angular": 58, "Svelte": 45},
    title="Framework Popularity",
    bar_color="#a5d8ff",
    show_values=True,
)

Line Chart (multi-series with grid)

from core.charts import line_chart

elements = line_chart(
    x=50, y=100,
    data={
        "Revenue": [120, 150, 180, 210, 250],
        "Costs":   [100, 110, 130, 140, 160],
    },
    labels=["Q1", "Q2", "Q3", "Q4", "Q5"],
    title="Revenue vs Costs",
    series_colors={"Revenue": "#1971c2", "Costs": "#e03131"},
    show_points=True, show_grid=True,
)

Pie Chart (with donut mode)

from core.charts import pie_chart

elements = pie_chart(
    x=50, y=100,
    data={"Desktop": 55, "Mobile": 30, "Tablet": 15},
    title="Traffic Sources",
    donut=True, donut_radius=50,
    show_percentages=True,
)

Layout Helper Usage (prevent overlap)

from core.engine import auto_labeled_rect, connect, right_of

box1 = auto_labeled_rect(100, 100, "Data Preprocessing Pipeline",
                          padding=10, fs=14, fill="#a5d8ff")
box2 = auto_labeled_rect(right_of(100, box1[0]["width"], gap=45), 100,
                          "Feature Extraction",
                          padding=10, fs=14, fill="#b2f2bb")
elements = [*box1, *box2, connect(box1[0], box2[0])]

SVG Icon Conversion

from core.svg_converter import svg_to_elements

svg = '<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2L2 22h20Z"/></svg>'
elements = svg_to_elements(svg, x=100, y=50, scale=1.0)

Icon Library Search

from core.icon_library import save_icon, load_icon, find_icons

save_icon("my-server", elements, description="Server rack", tags=["server"])
results = find_icons("server hardware")
server_elements = load_icon(results[0]["name"], x=200, y=100)

39 Built-in Icons

Use icon(name, x, y, scale, stroke, sw, roughness) to place built-in icons.

General Purpose

Name	Description
`database`	Database cylinder
`user`	Person silhouette
`cloud`	Cloud shape
`server`	Server rack
`gear`	Gear/cog settings
`document`	Document with folded corner
`shield`	Security shield
`arrow-right`	Right-pointing arrow
`check`	Checkmark
`warning`	Warning triangle
`lock`	Padlock
`wifi`	WiFi signal
`heart`	Heart shape
`star`	5-point star
`lightning`	Lightning bolt
`clock`	Clock face
`magnifier`	Magnifying glass
`fire`	Flame
`globe`	Globe with meridian
`chat`	Chat bubble
`api`	API angle brackets
`terminal`	Terminal/console
`folder`	Folder
`key`	Key
`cube`	3D cube

ML / AI

Name	Description
`transformer-block`	Multi-head attention + feed-forward block
`attention-head`	Q, K, V converging arrows
`embedding-layer`	Embedding matrix grid
`feedforward`	Two-layer FFN
`encoder`	Encoder block with E marker
`decoder`	Decoder block with D marker
`loss-function`	Descending loss curve
`optimizer`	Gradient descent spiral
`gpu`	Chip/GPU with pins
`robot`	Robot head with antenna
`brain`	Brain outline
`neural-net`	3-layer neural network
`data-pipeline`	Funnel/pipeline shape
`matrix`	Grid matrix 4x3

SVG-to-Excalidraw Converter

Convert any SVG to Excalidraw elements. Supports:

Path commands: M, L, H, V, C, S, Q, T, A, Z (absolute & relative)
SVG elements: <path>, <rect>, <circle>, <ellipse>, <line>, <polygon>, <polyline>, <use>, <defs>
Shape classification: Circles -> ellipse, rectangles -> rectangle, curves -> line
Bezier tessellation: Cubic, quadratic, and arc curves sampled to polylines
RDP simplification: Reduces point count while preserving visual fidelity

Charts

Hand-drawn style charts built from Excalidraw primitives:

Vertical (bar_chart): Bars going up from x-axis, optional grid lines
Horizontal (horizontal_bar_chart): Bars extending right from y-axis
Line (line_chart): Multi-series with point markers, grid, and legend
Pie (pie_chart): With optional donut mode, labels, and percentages

Styles

Preset Summary

Preset	Colors	Text Size	Border	Gap	Roughness
`vivid`	7-color vibrant	14-22pt	2pt	45px	1
`clean`	Grayscale	8-14pt	1pt	30px	1
`sketch`	Warm multi-color	14-28pt	2pt	55px	1

Aliases

conference -> vivid
journal -> clean
ppt -> sketch

Custom Style YAML

Users can define custom styles at ~/.excalidraw-gen/styles/*.yaml:

name: "My Custom Style"
description: "Description"
colors:
  background: "#FFFFFF"
  primary: "#4A90E2"
  accent: "#E67E22"
  text: "#1e1e1e"
typography:
  font_family: 2
  title_size: 24
  body_size: 14
layout:
  roughness: 0
  border_width: 2
  default_gap: 50

Persistent Icon Library & Search

Save custom icons to ~/.excalidraw-gen/icons/ for reuse across diagrams:

save_icon: Save with description and tags
load_icon: Load and reposition with fresh IDs
find_icons: TF-IDF search (works offline); optional embedding-based semantic search
import_excalidrawlib: Bulk import from .excalidrawlib files

AI Icon Generation

Generate icons via Gemini API:

from core.ai_icons import configure, generate_icon
configure(api_url="...", api_key="YOUR_KEY")
elements = generate_icon("a database server rack", x=100, y=50, scale=1.5)

File Paths

Skill directory: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/
Core engine: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/engine.py
Charts: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/charts.py
Built-in icons: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/icons.py
SVG converter: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/svg_converter.py
Style presets: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/styles/
Prompt guidelines: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/prompts/
Custom user styles: ~/.excalidraw-gen/styles/
User icon library: ~/.excalidraw-gen/icons/

Important Rules

ALWAYS read style prompts via Read tool call (HARD GATE) before generating any diagram
ALWAYS output a layout table (Step 2B) before writing ANY code
ALWAYS run verify_layout() via Bash tool after generation (Step 2.5)
ALWAYS use auto_labeled_rect for text in rectangles (auto-sizes from text)
Use text_standalone for labels and annotations outside shapes
Use below() / right_of() / above() to prevent overlap
Use connect() for arrows — it auto-computes direction and edge focus from geometry
NEVER create custom arrow/line helper functions — always use connect() or bind_arrow()
NEVER write raw .excalidraw JSON by hand — always use Python builders
NEVER patch coordinates one-by-one on a broken layout — go back to Step 2B and redesign
save() auto-selects format: .excalidraw.md -> Obsidian, .excalidraw -> JSON
bind_arrow modifies start_el/end_el in-place (adds boundElements)
connect() auto-computes edge focus — no need to aim arrows at element centers manually
NEVER leave focus=0 on 3+ arrows entering the same large target; distribute binding focus across the target edge
For fan-in / fan-out, prefer edge-distributed binding points; if many sources come from the same side, use elbowed=True
group() returns new list with shared groupId (does not modify originals)

Visual Quality Rules (CRITICAL — Learned from Real Diagrams)

These rules are derived from analyzing high-quality Excalidraw diagrams produced by the skill. Follow them to avoid the "flat, sparse, boring" look.

Element Richness

Target 30-50 elements for complex diagrams, 15-25 for medium, 8-14 for simple
Simple diagrams (<15 elements) look bare — add context: labels, annotations, grouping boxes, section dividers
Use nested card patterns: outer colored rect → inner white rect → bound text (creates visual depth)
Add descriptive subtitles below main labels (smaller font, lighter color)

Typography Hierarchy

Use at least 3 font sizes per diagram:

Role	Font Size	Example
Page title	24-28pt	"Decision Transformer Architecture"
Section headers	16-18pt	"Sequence Pipeline", "Comparison"
Box labels	12-16pt	"RTG₁", "State Encoder"
Annotations	8-11pt	Conference names, descriptions, notes

Color Palette (Mantine)

Use this consistent palette across all diagrams:

Role	Stroke	Fill	Use For
Blue	`#1971c2`	`#a5d8ff`	Primary elements, data flow
Green	`#2f9e44`	`#b2f2bb`	Success, positive, output
Orange	`#e8590c`	`#ffd8a8`	Warning, action, emphasis
Purple	`#7048e8`	`#d0bfff`	Special, auth, ML features
Teal	`#0c8599`	`#99e9f2`	Secondary, alternative
Red	`#e03131`	`#ffc9c9`	Error, danger, delete
Yellow	`#f08c00`	`#fff3bf`	Warning, attention
Gray	`#495057`	`#dee2e6`	Neutral, background, arrows

Semantic Color Coding

Assign colors by semantic role, not randomly:

Same concept across the diagram = same color (e.g., all "RTG" boxes are purple)
Different roles get different colors (e.g., RTG=purple, State=blue, Action=orange)
Arrows inherit the color of their source or use neutral gray (#495057)

Roughness Pattern

Shapes: roughness=1 (hand-drawn feel)
Bound text (inside containers): roughness=0 (crisp, readable)
Standalone text (titles, labels): roughness=0 (crisp)
This contrast makes shapes feel hand-drawn while text stays legible

Fill Styles

"solid" — modern, clean look (default)
"hachure" — classic technical drawing feel, better for academic papers
Use "hachure" when the diagram has a technical/architectural theme

Spacing Guidelines

Gap Type	Recommended	Notes
Between same-row elements	20-30px	Tight but not touching
Between sections	40-60px	Clear visual separation
Card inner padding	8-10px	White title box inside colored card
Arrow-to-element gap	8-12px	`connect(gap=8)` default
Timeline node-to-card	30-50px	Vertical connector from node to card

Advanced Layout Patterns

Timeline Layout

[Title text at top, centered]

[Card 1]   [Card 2]   [Card 3]   [Card 4]
   |           |           |           |
   ●———————→  ●———————→  ●———————→  ●
[Labels]    [Labels]    [Labels]    [Labels]

[Bottom summary bar spanning full width]

Sequence Grid (DT-style)

          t=1        t=2        t=3        t=4
       ┌──────┐  ┌──────┐  ┌──────┐  ┌──────┐
  RTG  │ R₁   │  │ R₂   │  │ R₃   │  │ R₄   │  ← purple
       ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤
   S   │ S₁   │  │ S₂   │  │ S₃   │  │ S₄   │  ← blue
       ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤
   A   │ a₁   │  │ a₂   │  │ a₃   │  │ a₄   │  ← orange
       └──────┘  └──────┘  └──────┘  └──────┘
            ↓         ↓         ↓         ↓
       ┌──────────────────────────────────────┐
       │         Transformer Block            │  ← yellow
       └──────────────────────────────────────┘
                          ↓
                    ┌───────────┐
                    │  Output   │  ← orange
                    └───────────┘

Comparison Table

            ┌─────────────┬──────────────────┐
            │ Traditional │ Decision         │
            │ RL          │ Transformer      │
  ├─────────┼─────────────┼──────────────────┤
  │ Input   │ ...         │ ...              │  ← blue row
  ├─────────┼─────────────┼──────────────────┤
  │ History │ ...         │ ...              │  ← teal row
  ├─────────┼─────────────┼──────────────────┤
  │ Missing │ ...         │ ...              │  ← green row
  └─────────┴─────────────┴──────────────────┘

Nested Card (depth effect)

# Outer colored card
outer = rect(x, y, 190, 130, fill=fill, stroke=stroke, sw=2, roughness=1)
# Inner white title box (8px padding)
inner = labeled_rect(x+8, y+8, 174, 35, title,
                     fill="#ffffff", stroke=stroke, sw=1, roughness=0)
# Description text below title
desc = text_standalone(cx, y+60, description, fs=10, color="#495057")

name	excalidraw-generator
description	Use when user asks to draw, create, or generate diagrams, flowcharts, charts, architecture diagrams, wireframes, or visual illustrations. TRIGGER on "draw", "diagram", "flowchart", "chart", "pie chart", "bar chart", "line chart", "architecture diagram", "excalidraw", "visual", "wireframe", "comparison table", "画图", "流程图", "图表", "架构图", "示意图", "生成图", "做个图".

Excalidraw Diagram Generator

Generate high-quality Excalidraw diagrams via Python script execution using core/ builders.

When to Use

User asks to "draw", "generate diagram", "create flowchart", "make architecture diagram"
User wants visual illustrations for papers, slides, or documentation
User mentions "excalidraw" or asks for diagram generation
User wants bar charts, line charts, pie charts, data visualizations, or comparison tables
User wants to convert SVG icons to Excalidraw elements
User wants to save and reuse custom icons

Step 0: Quick Intent Capture

Clear requests (skip questions)

If the user's request is specific enough (e.g., "画一个 3 步流程图 A->B->C", "draw a CI/CD pipeline with 4 stages"), skip detailed questions and output:

Got it: [diagram type] | ~[N] elements | Style: [vivid/clean/sketch or default]
Saving to: [suggested path]

Then proceed directly to HARD GATE.

Vague requests (ask 3 questions)

If the user's request is vague (e.g., "画个架构图", "make a diagram"), ask these 3 questions together in a single message:

"What diagram?" — Describe the scenario, audience, and purpose.
"Any reference files?" — Provide file paths or say "none". Supported: CSV, JSON, images, .excalidraw files, screenshots.
"Key elements and relationships?" — What should the diagram show?

If the user provides reference files, read them before continuing.

Output before proceeding

Intent confirmed: [diagram type] | [element count] elements | Style: [style]

Step 1: Configuration (Condensed)

Skip entirely if the user already specified these in their request. Otherwise ask at most 3 questions:

"Style? (vivid/clean/sketch or describe)"
"Output format? (.excalidraw or .excalidraw.md)"
"Save path?" (suggest based on current project — MUST confirm before generating)

Style Reference

Style	Colors	Text Size	Gap	Use When
`vivid` (alias: `conference`)	7-color vibrant palette	14-22pt	45px	Impressive, information-rich diagrams
`clean` (alias: `journal`)	Grayscale only	8-14pt	30px	Clear, distraction-free data flow
`sketch` (alias: `ppt`)	Warm multi-color	14-28pt	55px	Approachable, expressive diagrams
`custom`	User-defined from YAML	—	—	Specific visual requirements

HARD GATE: Read Style Prompt (MANDATORY — Before Writing Any Code)

STOP. You MUST execute these steps IN ORDER. Skipping any step = immediate failure.

Steps (ALL required — no exceptions)

Use the Read tool to read prompts/[style]-prompt.md (the file for the user's chosen style).
- If style is not yet chosen, read prompts/conference-prompt.md as default.
- You MUST make a Read tool call — reading from memory or skipping is NOT acceptable.

Output this confirmation to the user (not silently):

> PROMPT CHECK: [style] style loaded.
> 1. [specific rule from the file you just read]
> 2. [specific rule from the file you just read]
> 3. [specific rule from the file you just read]

The rules must be QUOTED from the actual file, not paraphrased from memory.

Bypass Detection

If no Read tool call appears in the conversation before code generation, the HARD GATE was bypassed. The user can verify this by checking the tool call history.

Prompt Rules Summary

Conference / Vivid Style

Grid alignment: All elements snap to 20px invisible grid
Orthographic arrows: Only 90-degree angles, no diagonal arrows
No wasted space: Compact layout, minimal padding
Colors: Academic blue #2B5B84-#4A90E2, coral #E67E22 only for key findings
Font: Helvetica (fontFamily: 2), title 20pt, body 12pt, labels 10pt
Shapes: No border radius, roughness: 0, borders 1.5pt solid
Arrows: Straight only, 1.5pt, no curved/elbowed arrows

Journal / Clean Style

Ultra-compact: Minimum margins, tight spacing
Colorblind-safe: Okabe-Ito palette (Blue #0072B2, Orange #E69F00, Green #009E73, Red #D55E00)
Font: Helvetica/Arial (fontFamily: 2), title 16pt, body 10pt, labels 8pt
Minimum legible text: 7pt at print scale
Shapes: All borders 0.5-1pt solid, roughness: 0, no rounded corners

PPT / Sketch Style

Generous spacing: 50px+ gaps between major elements
Vibrant colors: Blue #1971c2, Teal #0c8599, Orange #e8590c, etc.
Font: Any or Virgil (fontFamily: 1) for handwritten feel, title 28pt, body 16pt
Shapes: Rounded corners, roughness: 1, borders 2pt
Arrows: 2pt, color by semantic role, labels encouraged

Step 2: Generate Diagram

2A. Generation Method

There is ONE method: Python script via core/ builders.

Use auto_labeled_rect(), connect(), below(), right_of() for ALL elements and arrows.
Do NOT write raw .excalidraw JSON by hand.
Do NOT create custom arrow/line helper functions (e.g., ortho_arrow(), bound_ortho_arrow()).
If a builder function is missing what you need, extend core/engine.py first — then use it.

Why: Builder functions enforce grid alignment, auto-compute arrow bindings, and prevent the overlap/patch-hell cycle that comes from hand-positioned coordinates.

2B. Layout Design (MANDATORY OUTPUT — Show to User Before Coding)

STOP. You MUST output a layout table to the user BEFORE writing ANY code. If you write code before showing this table, you have FAILED this step.

Output this exact format:

Layout Plan: [Diagram Name]

Elements

ID Label Type X Y Size
b1 "Input" rect 100 100 auto
b2 "Process" rect r_of(b1) 100 auto
d1 "Valid?" diam mid_x below(b2) 120x80

Connections

From To Direction Label
b1 b2 right
b2 d1 down

Mandatory rules for the layout table:

X and Y coordinates MUST be multiples of 20 (grid snap to invisible 20px grid)
Every element MUST use auto_labeled_rect() — no hardcoded dimensions
Every arrow MUST use connect() — no custom arrow functions
Use right_of(), below(), above() for relative positioning between elements
Verify no bounding boxes overlap before proceeding to code
For CJK text: font_family=5, width factor 1.05x

2B.5 Formula Detection (Auto)

Scan the diagram content for mathematical expressions and decide rendering method:

Use formula() when the content contains ANY of:

LaTeX math syntax: \alpha, \beta, \sum, \prod, \frac{a}{b}, \int, \nabla, \partial
Subscripts/superscripts beyond plain text capability: x_1, a^2, \hat{y}, \bar{x}
Equations: E=mc^2, \hat{y} = f(x), \mathcal{L}(\theta)
Matrix/env notation: \begin{pmatrix}, \begin{bmatrix}
Greek letters used as variables: \lambda, \theta, \omega
Operators/symbols: \times, \div, \leq, \geq, \approx, \infty

Use text_standalone() when:

Plain text, Chinese/English labels, names — no math symbols
Simple notation that renders fine in regular font (e.g., "v1.0", "Step 1", "A → B")

Mixed content:

Render math portions with formula(), plain text portions with text_standalone()
Example: a node labeled "Loss: $\mathcal{L}(\theta)$" → use formula() for the whole label

In the layout table (Step 2B), mark formula elements with type: formula:

| f1 | "E=mc^2" | formula | 200 | 300 | auto |

2C. Generate

Follow the layout table from Step 2B — translate each row into code using builder functions
Use auto_labeled_rect(), connect(), below(), right_of() exclusively
Execute the script to produce the output file

2D. Verify output follows ALL style prompt rules

After generating, cross-check against the style prompt you read in HARD GATE:

Colors match the style palette
Font family and sizes match style rules
Arrow style matches (straight/curved, width)
Roughness and border width match
No rule from the style prompt is violated
No custom arrow/line functions were used (only connect() or bind_arrow())

If any rule is violated, go back to Step 2B and regenerate — do not patch.

Step 2.5: Verification Gate (MANDATORY — Before Delivery)

After generating the diagram file, run verification before telling the user it's done. This step is NOT optional. You MUST execute the verification code and report the result.

Verification Steps

Read the generated .excalidraw JSON file

Run verification using the Bash tool (not just in-memory — execute it):

cd ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator && python3 -c "
import json
from core.engine import verify_layout
with open('[path-to-file]') as f:
  data = json.load(f)
report = verify_layout(data['elements'])
print(json.dumps(report, indent=2, default=str))
"

Check report['status']:

If FAIL (has ERROR-level issues):

DO NOT deliver to user yet
Go back to Step 2B — redesign the layout table with corrected positions
Regenerate from the new layout (NOT patch the old code)
Re-verify (up to 2 redesign attempts)
If still FAIL after 2 redesigns: deliver with explicit FAIL notice in Step 3

If WARN (only WARNING-level issues):

Note the warnings in your output
Proceed to Step 3

If PASS:

Proceed to Step 3 immediately

What to Fix Automatically

Overlapping elements → increase gap between them
Arrow without binding → add startBinding/endBinding or use connect()
Arrow endpoint inside element → for unbound arrows, extend/shorten to edge
Inconsistent spacing → normalize gaps
Fan-in / fan-out collapsed to one center point → distribute start_focus / end_focus and regenerate

What NOT to Fix Automatically (leave for user)

Color choices
Font sizes (unless text overflow detected)
Visual balance (subjective)

Verification Output

Layout verification: [PASS/WARN/FAIL]
  Elements: [N] shapes, [M] arrows
  Overlaps: [count] ([details if any])
  Arrow issues: [count] ([details if any])
  Spacing issues: [count] ([details if any])

Step 3: Deliver

Present the result:

Diagram generated: [path]
Please open in Obsidian to review.

Verification: [PASS/WARN/FAIL] — [summary]

If WARN or FAIL, briefly mention what was detected and whether auto-fix was attempted.

Phase 4: Vision Review (User Feedback Loop)

Trigger

User sends a screenshot OR provides a screenshot file path after viewing the diagram in Obsidian.

How to Receive Screenshots

Drag-and-drop image into Claude Code conversation
Or provide file path: "Look at ~/Screenshots/xxx.png"
Or say "check the diagram" with the file open

Claude Vision Analysis

When the user provides a screenshot, analyze it for these issues:

Critical Issues (always fix):

Any text is overlapping or unreadable
Any arrows pointing in the wrong direction
Any elements completely overlapping
Any arrows not connecting to the right elements
Topology is wrong (wrong flow, missing connections, extra connections)

Analysis Output Format

## Vision Review

### Critical Issues
1. **[Element/Issue]**: [problem] — [fix suggestion]

### Visual Quality Issues
2. **[Issue]**: [fix suggestion]

### Recommended Actions
1. [specific fix]
2. [specific fix]

Fix and regenerate? (yes/no)

Fix & Regenerate Flow

Apply all critical fixes to the script or JSON
Re-execute
Run Step 2.5 verification again
Save and tell user new file is ready
User reviews again

Iteration Limit

Max 3 vision review cycles
After 3 cycles without approval → ask user if they want to simplify the diagram structure

Escape Valve

User can say "just save it" at any point to accept current state.

Step 5: Core Builder Functions

These Python functions are available for diagram generation. Import them from the core engine:

# === Shapes ===
rect(x, y, w, h, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, fill_style="solid", stroke_style="solid")
ellipse(x, y, w, h, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, fill_style="solid")
diamond(x, y, w, h, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, fill_style="solid")

# === Labeled Shapes (containerId binding -- auto-centers text) ===
labeled_rect(x, y, w, h, label, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid", stroke_style="solid")
labeled_ellipse(x, y, w, h, label, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid")
labeled_diamond(x, y, w, h, label, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid")

# === Auto-sized Labeled Shape (dimensions from text) ===
auto_labeled_rect(x, y, label, padding=10, fill="transparent", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, fs=16, label_color=None, roughness=1, font_family=5, fill_style="solid", stroke_style="solid", min_width=None, min_height=None)

# === Text ===
text_standalone(cx, cy, txt, fs=20, color="#1e1e1e", font_family=5, roughness=0, text_align="center", max_width=None)

# === Connectors ===
arrow(x, y, dx=0, dy=0, *, x2=None, y2=None, stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1)
line(x, y, dx=0, dy=0, *, x2=None, y2=None, stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1)
bind_arrow(arrow_el, start_el, end_el, gap=2, start_focus=None, end_focus=None)
connect(start_el, end_el, stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2, roughness=1, gap=8, elbowed=False, start_focus=None, end_focus=None)

# === Layout Helpers (prevent overlap) ===
below(y, h, gap=10)
right_of(x, w, gap=10)
above(y, gap=10)

# === Structure ===
frame(x, y, w, h, name="Frame", stroke="#1e1e1e", sw=2)
group(elements)

# === Layout Verification (Self-Check) ===
check_overlaps(elements, tolerance=3)    # Returns list of overlap issues
check_arrow_bindings(elements)           # Returns list of arrow binding issues
check_spacing(elements, min_gap=20)      # Returns list of spacing issues
verify_layout(elements)                  # Returns full report with status

# === Charts ===
bar_chart(x, y, data, title=None, ...)
horizontal_bar_chart(x, y, data, title=None, ...)
line_chart(x, y, data, labels, title=None, ...)
pie_chart(x, y, data, title=None, ...)

# === Icons (39 built-in) ===
icon(name, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, stroke="#495057", sw=2, roughness=1)
list_icons()

# === Icon Library (persistent, searchable) ===
save_icon(name, elements, description="", tags=None, source="custom")
load_icon(name, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0)
find_icons(query, limit=5, use_embeddings=False)

# === AI Icon Generation ===
configure(api_url, api_key, model="gemini-2.0-flash")
generate_icon(description, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)

# === SVG Converter ===
svg_to_elements(svg_string, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)
svg_file_to_elements(filepath, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)

# === LaTeX Formula ===
formula(latex_str, x=0, y=0, scale=1.0, ...)

# === Other ===
numbered_circle(cx, cy, num, fill, stroke)
image_embed(x, y, w, h, base64_data, mime="image/png")

# === Output ===
save_excalidraw(filepath, elements, bg="#ffffff", files=None)
save_obsidian_md(filepath, elements, bg="#ffffff", files=None)
save(filepath, elements, bg="#ffffff", files=None)

Text Centering

The engine uses containerId binding for auto-centering text in shapes. For standalone text, CJK-aware width estimation:

CJK characters: ~1.05x font size
ASCII characters: ~0.62x font size
Spaces: ~0.35x font size

Font families: 1 = Virgil (handwritten), 2 = Helvetica, 3 = Cascadia (monospace), 5 = Excalidraw (recommended default — clean handwritten, works for both CJK and Latin)

Step 6: Common Diagram Patterns

Flow Diagram (left-to-right)

from core.engine import labeled_rect, arrow

for i, (label, color) in enumerate(items):
    x = start_x + i * (box_w + gap)
    elements += labeled_rect(x, y, box_w, box_h, label, fill=color)
    if i < len(items) - 1:
        elements.append(arrow(x + box_w + pad, y + box_h/2, gap - 2*pad, 0))

Comparison Table

from core.engine import labeled_rect, below

x = start_x
for row_data in rows:
    for col_data, col_width in zip(row_data, col_widths):
        elements += labeled_rect(x, y, col_width, row_h, col_data)
        x += col_width
    y = below(y, row_h)

Decision Flow (vertical)

from core.engine import labeled_ellipse, labeled_diamond, labeled_rect, arrow, bind_arrow

start = labeled_ellipse(x, y, 100, 50, "Start", fill="#d0f0c0")
step1 = labeled_rect(x, y + 100, 200, 60, "Input")
dec   = labeled_diamond(x, y + 200, 160, 100, "Valid?")
yes   = labeled_rect(x, y + 340, 200, 60, "Success", fill="#d0f0c0")
no    = labeled_rect(x + 240, y + 220, 160, 60, "Error", fill="#ffc9c9")

a1 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+50, y+50, 0, 50), start[0], step1[0])
a2 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+100, y+160, 0, 40), step1[0], dec[0])
a3 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+80, y+300, 0, 40), dec[0], yes[0])
a4 = bind_arrow(arrow(x+160, y+250, 80, 0), dec[0], no[0])
elements = [*start, *step1, *dec, *yes, *no, a1, a2, a3, a4]

Connected Flow (using connect)

from core.engine import auto_labeled_rect, connect, below

b1 = auto_labeled_rect(100, 100, "Input Data", fs=14, fill="#a5d8ff", stroke="#1971c2")
b2 = auto_labeled_rect(100, below(100, b1[0]["height"], gap=40), "Process", fs=14)
a1 = connect(b1[0], b2[0])
elements = [*b1, *b2, a1]

Bar Chart

from core.charts import bar_chart

elements = bar_chart(
    x=50, y=100,
    data={"React": 85, "Vue": 72, "Angular": 58, "Svelte": 45},
    title="Framework Popularity",
    bar_color="#a5d8ff",
    show_values=True,
)

Line Chart (multi-series with grid)

from core.charts import line_chart

elements = line_chart(
    x=50, y=100,
    data={
        "Revenue": [120, 150, 180, 210, 250],
        "Costs":   [100, 110, 130, 140, 160],
    },
    labels=["Q1", "Q2", "Q3", "Q4", "Q5"],
    title="Revenue vs Costs",
    series_colors={"Revenue": "#1971c2", "Costs": "#e03131"},
    show_points=True, show_grid=True,
)

Pie Chart (with donut mode)

from core.charts import pie_chart

elements = pie_chart(
    x=50, y=100,
    data={"Desktop": 55, "Mobile": 30, "Tablet": 15},
    title="Traffic Sources",
    donut=True, donut_radius=50,
    show_percentages=True,
)

Layout Helper Usage (prevent overlap)

from core.engine import auto_labeled_rect, connect, right_of

box1 = auto_labeled_rect(100, 100, "Data Preprocessing Pipeline",
                          padding=10, fs=14, fill="#a5d8ff")
box2 = auto_labeled_rect(right_of(100, box1[0]["width"], gap=45), 100,
                          "Feature Extraction",
                          padding=10, fs=14, fill="#b2f2bb")
elements = [*box1, *box2, connect(box1[0], box2[0])]

SVG Icon Conversion

from core.svg_converter import svg_to_elements

svg = '<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2L2 22h20Z"/></svg>'
elements = svg_to_elements(svg, x=100, y=50, scale=1.0)

Icon Library Search

from core.icon_library import save_icon, load_icon, find_icons

save_icon("my-server", elements, description="Server rack", tags=["server"])
results = find_icons("server hardware")
server_elements = load_icon(results[0]["name"], x=200, y=100)

39 Built-in Icons

Use icon(name, x, y, scale, stroke, sw, roughness) to place built-in icons.

General Purpose

Name	Description
`database`	Database cylinder
`user`	Person silhouette
`cloud`	Cloud shape
`server`	Server rack
`gear`	Gear/cog settings
`document`	Document with folded corner
`shield`	Security shield
`arrow-right`	Right-pointing arrow
`check`	Checkmark
`warning`	Warning triangle
`lock`	Padlock
`wifi`	WiFi signal
`heart`	Heart shape
`star`	5-point star
`lightning`	Lightning bolt
`clock`	Clock face
`magnifier`	Magnifying glass
`fire`	Flame
`globe`	Globe with meridian
`chat`	Chat bubble
`api`	API angle brackets
`terminal`	Terminal/console
`folder`	Folder
`key`	Key
`cube`	3D cube

ML / AI

Name	Description
`transformer-block`	Multi-head attention + feed-forward block
`attention-head`	Q, K, V converging arrows
`embedding-layer`	Embedding matrix grid
`feedforward`	Two-layer FFN
`encoder`	Encoder block with E marker
`decoder`	Decoder block with D marker
`loss-function`	Descending loss curve
`optimizer`	Gradient descent spiral
`gpu`	Chip/GPU with pins
`robot`	Robot head with antenna
`brain`	Brain outline
`neural-net`	3-layer neural network
`data-pipeline`	Funnel/pipeline shape
`matrix`	Grid matrix 4x3

SVG-to-Excalidraw Converter

Convert any SVG to Excalidraw elements. Supports:

Path commands: M, L, H, V, C, S, Q, T, A, Z (absolute & relative)
SVG elements: <path>, <rect>, <circle>, <ellipse>, <line>, <polygon>, <polyline>, <use>, <defs>
Shape classification: Circles -> ellipse, rectangles -> rectangle, curves -> line
Bezier tessellation: Cubic, quadratic, and arc curves sampled to polylines
RDP simplification: Reduces point count while preserving visual fidelity

Charts

Hand-drawn style charts built from Excalidraw primitives:

Vertical (bar_chart): Bars going up from x-axis, optional grid lines
Horizontal (horizontal_bar_chart): Bars extending right from y-axis
Line (line_chart): Multi-series with point markers, grid, and legend
Pie (pie_chart): With optional donut mode, labels, and percentages

Styles

Preset Summary

Preset	Colors	Text Size	Border	Gap	Roughness
`vivid`	7-color vibrant	14-22pt	2pt	45px	1
`clean`	Grayscale	8-14pt	1pt	30px	1
`sketch`	Warm multi-color	14-28pt	2pt	55px	1

Aliases

conference -> vivid
journal -> clean
ppt -> sketch

Custom Style YAML

Users can define custom styles at ~/.excalidraw-gen/styles/*.yaml:

name: "My Custom Style"
description: "Description"
colors:
  background: "#FFFFFF"
  primary: "#4A90E2"
  accent: "#E67E22"
  text: "#1e1e1e"
typography:
  font_family: 2
  title_size: 24
  body_size: 14
layout:
  roughness: 0
  border_width: 2
  default_gap: 50

Persistent Icon Library & Search

Save custom icons to ~/.excalidraw-gen/icons/ for reuse across diagrams:

save_icon: Save with description and tags
load_icon: Load and reposition with fresh IDs
find_icons: TF-IDF search (works offline); optional embedding-based semantic search
import_excalidrawlib: Bulk import from .excalidrawlib files

AI Icon Generation

Generate icons via Gemini API:

from core.ai_icons import configure, generate_icon
configure(api_url="...", api_key="YOUR_KEY")
elements = generate_icon("a database server rack", x=100, y=50, scale=1.5)

File Paths

Skill directory: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/
Core engine: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/engine.py
Charts: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/charts.py
Built-in icons: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/icons.py
SVG converter: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/core/svg_converter.py
Style presets: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/styles/
Prompt guidelines: ~/.claude/skills/excalidraw-generator/prompts/
Custom user styles: ~/.excalidraw-gen/styles/
User icon library: ~/.excalidraw-gen/icons/

Important Rules

ALWAYS read style prompts via Read tool call (HARD GATE) before generating any diagram
ALWAYS output a layout table (Step 2B) before writing ANY code
ALWAYS run verify_layout() via Bash tool after generation (Step 2.5)
ALWAYS use auto_labeled_rect for text in rectangles (auto-sizes from text)
Use text_standalone for labels and annotations outside shapes
Use below() / right_of() / above() to prevent overlap
Use connect() for arrows — it auto-computes direction and edge focus from geometry
NEVER create custom arrow/line helper functions — always use connect() or bind_arrow()
NEVER write raw .excalidraw JSON by hand — always use Python builders
NEVER patch coordinates one-by-one on a broken layout — go back to Step 2B and redesign
save() auto-selects format: .excalidraw.md -> Obsidian, .excalidraw -> JSON
bind_arrow modifies start_el/end_el in-place (adds boundElements)
connect() auto-computes edge focus — no need to aim arrows at element centers manually
NEVER leave focus=0 on 3+ arrows entering the same large target; distribute binding focus across the target edge
For fan-in / fan-out, prefer edge-distributed binding points; if many sources come from the same side, use elbowed=True
group() returns new list with shared groupId (does not modify originals)

Visual Quality Rules (CRITICAL — Learned from Real Diagrams)

These rules are derived from analyzing high-quality Excalidraw diagrams produced by the skill. Follow them to avoid the "flat, sparse, boring" look.

Element Richness

Target 30-50 elements for complex diagrams, 15-25 for medium, 8-14 for simple
Simple diagrams (<15 elements) look bare — add context: labels, annotations, grouping boxes, section dividers
Use nested card patterns: outer colored rect → inner white rect → bound text (creates visual depth)
Add descriptive subtitles below main labels (smaller font, lighter color)

Typography Hierarchy

Use at least 3 font sizes per diagram:

Role	Font Size	Example
Page title	24-28pt	"Decision Transformer Architecture"
Section headers	16-18pt	"Sequence Pipeline", "Comparison"
Box labels	12-16pt	"RTG₁", "State Encoder"
Annotations	8-11pt	Conference names, descriptions, notes

Color Palette (Mantine)

Use this consistent palette across all diagrams:

Role	Stroke	Fill	Use For
Blue	`#1971c2`	`#a5d8ff`	Primary elements, data flow
Green	`#2f9e44`	`#b2f2bb`	Success, positive, output
Orange	`#e8590c`	`#ffd8a8`	Warning, action, emphasis
Purple	`#7048e8`	`#d0bfff`	Special, auth, ML features
Teal	`#0c8599`	`#99e9f2`	Secondary, alternative
Red	`#e03131`	`#ffc9c9`	Error, danger, delete
Yellow	`#f08c00`	`#fff3bf`	Warning, attention
Gray	`#495057`	`#dee2e6`	Neutral, background, arrows

Semantic Color Coding

Assign colors by semantic role, not randomly:

Same concept across the diagram = same color (e.g., all "RTG" boxes are purple)
Different roles get different colors (e.g., RTG=purple, State=blue, Action=orange)
Arrows inherit the color of their source or use neutral gray (#495057)

Roughness Pattern

Shapes: roughness=1 (hand-drawn feel)
Bound text (inside containers): roughness=0 (crisp, readable)
Standalone text (titles, labels): roughness=0 (crisp)
This contrast makes shapes feel hand-drawn while text stays legible

Fill Styles

"solid" — modern, clean look (default)
"hachure" — classic technical drawing feel, better for academic papers
Use "hachure" when the diagram has a technical/architectural theme

Spacing Guidelines

Gap Type	Recommended	Notes
Between same-row elements	20-30px	Tight but not touching
Between sections	40-60px	Clear visual separation
Card inner padding	8-10px	White title box inside colored card
Arrow-to-element gap	8-12px	`connect(gap=8)` default
Timeline node-to-card	30-50px	Vertical connector from node to card

Advanced Layout Patterns

Timeline Layout

[Title text at top, centered]

[Card 1]   [Card 2]   [Card 3]   [Card 4]
   |           |           |           |
   ●———————→  ●———————→  ●———————→  ●
[Labels]    [Labels]    [Labels]    [Labels]

[Bottom summary bar spanning full width]

Sequence Grid (DT-style)

          t=1        t=2        t=3        t=4
       ┌──────┐  ┌──────┐  ┌──────┐  ┌──────┐
  RTG  │ R₁   │  │ R₂   │  │ R₃   │  │ R₄   │  ← purple
       ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤
   S   │ S₁   │  │ S₂   │  │ S₃   │  │ S₄   │  ← blue
       ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤  ├──────┤
   A   │ a₁   │  │ a₂   │  │ a₃   │  │ a₄   │  ← orange
       └──────┘  └──────┘  └──────┘  └──────┘
            ↓         ↓         ↓         ↓
       ┌──────────────────────────────────────┐
       │         Transformer Block            │  ← yellow
       └──────────────────────────────────────┘
                          ↓
                    ┌───────────┐
                    │  Output   │  ← orange
                    └───────────┘

Comparison Table

            ┌─────────────┬──────────────────┐
            │ Traditional │ Decision         │
            │ RL          │ Transformer      │
  ├─────────┼─────────────┼──────────────────┤
  │ Input   │ ...         │ ...              │  ← blue row
  ├─────────┼─────────────┼──────────────────┤
  │ History │ ...         │ ...              │  ← teal row
  ├─────────┼─────────────┼──────────────────┤
  │ Missing │ ...         │ ...              │  ← green row
  └─────────┴─────────────┴──────────────────┘

Nested Card (depth effect)

# Outer colored card
outer = rect(x, y, 190, 130, fill=fill, stroke=stroke, sw=2, roughness=1)
# Inner white title box (8px padding)
inner = labeled_rect(x+8, y+8, 174, 35, title,
                     fill="#ffffff", stroke=stroke, sw=1, roughness=0)
# Description text below title
desc = text_standalone(cx, y+60, description, fs=10, color="#495057")

ID	Label	Type	X	Y	Size
b1	"Input"	rect	100	100	auto
b2	"Process"	rect	r_of(b1)	100	auto
d1	"Valid?"	diam	mid_x	below(b2)	120x80