t1656-impersonation

name	T1656_impersonation
description	Adversaries may impersonate a trusted person or organization in order to persuade and trick a target into performing some action on their behalf.
category	configuration
version	18.1
author	cyberstrike-official
tags	["mitre-attack","enterprise","t1656","defense-evasion","linux","macos","office-suite","saas","windows"]
technique_id	T1656
tactic	defense-evasion
all_tactics	["defense-evasion"]
platforms	["Linux","macOS","Office Suite","SaaS","Windows"]
mitre_url	https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1656
tech_stack	["linux","macos","office","saas","windows"]
cwe_ids	["CWE-693"]
chains_with	[]
prerequisites	[]
severity_boost	{}

T1656 Impersonation

High-Level Description

Adversaries may impersonate a trusted person or organization in order to persuade and trick a target into performing some action on their behalf. For example, adversaries may communicate with victims (via Phishing for Information, Phishing, or Internal Spearphishing) while impersonating a known sender such as an executive, colleague, or third-party vendor. Established trust can then be leveraged to accomplish an adversary’s ultimate goals, possibly against multiple victims.

In many cases of business email compromise or email fraud campaigns, adversaries use impersonation to defraud victims -- deceiving them into sending money or divulging information that ultimately enables Financial Theft.

Adversaries will often also use social engineering techniques such as manipulative and persuasive language in email subject lines and body text such as payment, request, or urgent to push the victim to act quickly before malicious activity is detected. These campaigns are often specifically targeted against people who, due to job roles and/or accesses, can carry out the adversary’s goal.  

Impersonation is typically preceded by reconnaissance techniques such as Gather Victim Identity Information and Gather Victim Org Information as well as acquiring infrastructure such as email domains (i.e. Domains) to substantiate their false identity.

There is the potential for multiple victims in campaigns involving impersonation. For example, an adversary may Compromise Accounts targeting one organization which can then be used to support impersonation against other entities.

Kill Chain Phase

• Defense Evasion (TA0005)

Platforms: Linux, macOS, Office Suite, SaaS, Windows

What to Check

• Identify if Impersonation technique is applicable to target environment
• Check Linux systems for indicators of Impersonation
• Check macOS systems for indicators of Impersonation
• Check Office Suite systems for indicators of Impersonation
• Verify mitigations are bypassed or absent (2 known mitigations)
• Assess detection coverage (1 detection strategies)

How to Test

Manual Testing

1. Identify Attack Surface: Determine if the target environment is susceptible to Impersonation by examining the target platforms (Linux, macOS, Office Suite).