security-patterns

name	security-patterns
description	Security vulnerability detection patterns including OWASP Top 10, language-specific vulnerabilities, and remediation guidance. Load when reviewing code for security issues, conducting audits, or implementing authentication/authorization.

Security Patterns

Systematic approach to identifying and remediating security vulnerabilities. Use this skill when:

• Reviewing code for security vulnerabilities
• Conducting security audits
• Implementing authentication, authorization, or data handling
• Assessing third-party dependencies

OWASP Top 10 (2021) Quick Detection

A01: Broken Access Control

Detection patterns:

• Missing authorization checks on endpoints
• Direct object references without ownership validation
• Path traversal: ../ in file paths
• CORS with Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
• JWT without signature verification

Remediation:

• Implement RBAC/ABAC at controller/service layer
• Validate ownership on every resource access
• Use allowlists for file paths
• Configure CORS with specific origins

A02: Cryptographic Failures

Detection patterns:

• MD5/SHA1 for passwords
• Hardcoded encryption keys
• HTTP for sensitive data
• Weak random: Math.random(), rand()
• Missing encryption at rest

Remediation:

• Use bcrypt/argon2 for passwords (cost ≥12)
• External key management (KMS, Vault)
• TLS 1.2+ everywhere
• Cryptographic RNG only

A03: Injection

Detection patterns:

• String concatenation in SQL/NoSQL queries
• Template literals in HTML without escaping
• eval(), exec(), Function() with user input
• Shell commands with string interpolation
• LDAP/XPath queries with user input

Remediation:

• Parameterized queries always
• Context-aware output encoding
• Never eval untrusted input
• Use ORM/query builders

A04: Insecure Design

Detection patterns:

• Business logic without rate limiting
• Missing account lockout
• No CAPTCHA on authentication
• Unbounded resource allocation
• Missing threat model documentation

Remediation:

• Rate limit all sensitive operations
• Implement progressive delays
• Bound all allocations
• Document trust boundaries

A05: Security Misconfiguration

Detection patterns:

• Default credentials in config
• Verbose error messages to users
• Debug mode in production
• Unnecessary services enabled
• Missing security headers

Remediation:

• Automated hardening scripts
• Generic error messages externally
• Disable debug in production
• Minimize attack surface

A06: Vulnerable Components

Detection patterns:

• Dependencies with known CVEs
• Outdated framework versions
• Abandoned packages (no updates >2 years)
• Single-maintainer critical deps

Remediation:

• Automated dependency scanning
• Regular update schedule
• Evaluate package health before adoption
• Pin specific versions with lockfiles

A07: Authentication Failures

Detection patterns:

• Weak password requirements
• Missing brute force protection
• Session tokens in URL
• No session timeout
• Plain passwords in logs

Remediation:

• Strong password policy
• Account lockout/delays
• Secure cookie flags
• Session timeout <30 min idle
• Never log credentials

A08: Data Integrity Failures

Detection patterns:

• Deserialization of untrusted data
• Missing integrity checks on downloads
• Unsigned software updates
• CI/CD without verification

Remediation:

• Avoid native deserialization
• Verify checksums/signatures
• Sign all releases
• Secure CI/CD pipeline

A09: Logging Failures

Detection patterns:

• No logging on auth events
• Sensitive data in logs
• Logs without timestamps
• No centralized logging
• Missing alerting

Remediation:

• Log all security events
• Sanitize log data
• Structured logging with timestamps
• Centralize with retention policy

A10: SSRF

Detection patterns:

• User-controlled URLs in server requests
• Internal service access without validation
• Cloud metadata endpoint accessible
• URL parsing inconsistencies

Remediation:

• Allowlist URLs/domains
• Block internal IP ranges
• Disable cloud metadata endpoint
• Use URL parser consistently

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Language-Specific Patterns

See detailed references:

• references/javascript-vulnerabilities.md
• references/python-vulnerabilities.md
• references/java-vulnerabilities.md
• references/go-vulnerabilities.md

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Security Headers Checklist

Header	Value	Purpose
Content-Security-Policy	default-src 'self'	Prevent XSS
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff	Prevent MIME sniffing
X-Frame-Options	DENY	Prevent clickjacking
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains	Force HTTPS
Referrer-Policy	strict-origin-when-cross-origin	Limit referrer leakage
Permissions-Policy	geolocation=(), camera=()	Disable unused APIs

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STRIDE Threat Modeling

Threat	Question	Controls
Spoofing	Can attacker impersonate?	Auth, MFA, certificates
Tampering	Can data be modified?	Integrity checks, MACs
Repudiation	Can actions be denied?	Audit logs, signing
Information Disclosure	Can data leak?	Encryption, access control
Denial of Service	Can service be disrupted?	Rate limits, redundancy
Elevation of Privilege	Can user gain access?	RBAC, input validation