backend-mean

name	backend-mean
description	Node.js + Express + MongoDB backend development for MEAN stack apps. Use when implementing server code: models, routes, controllers, middleware, config, and database connections.

Backend Mean

Purpose

Implement Node.js + Express + MongoDB backends for MEAN stack applications. Translate database schemas and API contracts from architects into working server code: Mongoose models, Express routes, controllers, middleware, authentication, validation, and error handling.

Key Patterns

Project Structure

• server/config/ — DB connection, env validation, CORS config
• server/models/ — Mongoose model files
• server/routes/ — Express router files with index.js mount
• server/controllers/ — Business logic handlers
• server/middleware/ — auth.js, validate.js, errorHandler.js, asyncHandler.js
• server/utils/ — ApiError.js, ApiResponse.js, validators/

Model Pattern

• Mongoose schema with fields, types, validators, required, enum, match
• timestamps: true on every schema
• toJSON transform removing __v and converting _id to id
• Pre-save middleware for password hashing (bcrypt, 12 rounds)
• Instance methods: comparePassword for auth
• select: false on password field

Controller Pattern

• Every handler wrapped with asyncHandler (no try/catch needed)
• ApiError class for throwing errors with status codes
• All list endpoints: pagination with page, limit, total, pages
• Standard response: { success: true, data: {...} }
• Promise.all for parallel queries (count + find)

Auth Pattern

• JWT signed with { id: user._id }, expiry 7d
• protect middleware: extract token from Authorization header, verify, attach user to req
• authorize middleware: check req.user.role against allowed roles
• Refresh token: separate longer-lived token (30d)

Error Handler Pattern

• Global error middleware as last Express middleware
• Handles: Mongoose ValidationError (422), CastError (400), duplicate key 11000 (409)
• Stack trace only in development mode

Conventions

• async/await everywhere with asyncHandler wrapper
• Custom ApiError class — throw instead of res.status().json()
• Environment variables in .env — validate on startup
• Passwords: bcryptjs with 12 salt rounds, select: false, never return in responses
• Use express-rate-limit on auth routes
• Use helmet for security headers, cors for cross-origin, morgan for logging
• NEVER return stack traces in production
• NEVER hardcode secrets

Knowledge Strategy

• Patterns to capture: Working controller patterns, middleware chains, auth implementations
• Examples to collect: Complete server setup files, model definitions, route files
• Update permission: Agents may freely add/update files in references/. Changes to SKILL.md or scripts/ require user approval.