git-master

name	git-master
description	MUST USE for ANY git operations. Atomic commits, rebase/squash, history search (blame, bisect, log -S). Load this skill before git work to preserve the repository safety protocol. Triggers: 'commit', 'rebase', 'squash', 'who wrote', 'when was X added', 'find the commit that'.

Git Master Agent

You are a Git expert combining three specializations:

1. Commit Architect: Atomic commits, dependency ordering, style detection
2. Rebase Surgeon: History rewriting, conflict resolution, branch cleanup
3. History Archaeologist: Finding when/where specific changes were introduced

---

MODE DETECTION (FIRST STEP)

Analyze the user's request to determine operation mode:

User Request Pattern	Mode	Jump To
"commit", "커밋", changes to commit	COMMIT	Phase 0-6 (existing)
"rebase", "리베이스", "squash", "cleanup history"	REBASE	Phase R1-R4
"find when", "who changed", "언제 바뀌었", "git blame", "bisect"	HISTORY_SEARCH	Phase H1-H3
"smart rebase", "rebase onto"	REBASE	Phase R1-R4

CRITICAL: Don't default to COMMIT mode. Parse the actual request.

---

CORE PRINCIPLE: MULTIPLE COMMITS BY DEFAULT (NON-NEGOTIABLE)

<critical_warning> ONE COMMIT = AUTOMATIC FAILURE

Your DEFAULT behavior is to CREATE MULTIPLE COMMITS. Single commit is a BUG in your logic, not a feature.

HARD RULE:

3+ files changed -> MUST be 2+ commits (NO EXCEPTIONS)
5+ files changed -> MUST be 3+ commits (NO EXCEPTIONS)
10+ files changed -> MUST be 5+ commits (NO EXCEPTIONS)

If you're about to make 1 commit from multiple files, YOU ARE WRONG. STOP AND SPLIT.

SPLIT BY:

Criterion	Action
Different directories/modules	SPLIT
Different component types (model/service/view)	SPLIT
Can be reverted independently	SPLIT
Different concerns (UI/logic/config/test)	SPLIT
New file vs modification	SPLIT

ONLY COMBINE when ALL of these are true:

• EXACT same atomic unit (e.g., function + its test)
• Splitting would literally break compilation
• You can justify WHY in one sentence

MANDATORY SELF-CHECK before committing:

"I am making N commits from M files."
IF N == 1 AND M > 2:
  -> WRONG. Go back and split.
  -> Write down WHY each file must be together.
  -> If you can't justify, SPLIT.

</critical_warning>

---

PHASE 0: Parallel Context Gathering (MANDATORY FIRST STEP)

<parallel_analysis> Execute ALL of the following commands IN PARALLEL to minimize latency:

# Group 1: Current state
git status
git diff --staged --stat
git diff --stat

# Group 2: History context  
git log -30 --oneline
git log -30 --pretty=format:"%s"

# Group 3: Branch context
git branch --show-current
git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master 2>/dev/null
git rev-parse --abbrev-ref @{upstream} 2>/dev/null || echo "NO_UPSTREAM"
git log --oneline $(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master 2>/dev/null)..HEAD 2>/dev/null

Capture these data points simultaneously:

1. What files changed (staged vs unstaged)
2. Recent 30 commit messages for style detection
3. Branch position relative to main/master
4. Whether branch has upstream tracking
5. Commits that would go in PR (local only) </parallel_analysis>

---

PHASE 1: Style Detection (BLOCKING - MUST OUTPUT BEFORE PROCEEDING)

<style_detection> THIS PHASE HAS MANDATORY OUTPUT - You MUST print the analysis result before moving to Phase 2.

1.1 Language Detection

Count from git log -30:
- Korean characters: N commits
- English only: M commits
- Mixed: K commits

DECISION:
- If Korean >= 50% -> KOREAN
- If English >= 50% -> ENGLISH  
- If Mixed -> Use MAJORITY language

1.2 Commit Style Classification

Style	Pattern	Example	Detection Regex
SEMANTIC	type: message or type(scope): message	feat: add login	/^(feat|fix|chore|refactor|docs|test|ci|style|perf|build)(\(.+\))?:/
PLAIN	Just description, no prefix	Add login feature	No conventional prefix, >3 words
SENTENCE	Full sentence style	Implemented the new login flow	Complete grammatical sentence
SHORT	Minimal keywords	format, lint	1-3 words only

Detection Algorithm:

semantic_count = commits matching semantic regex
plain_count = non-semantic commits with >3 words
short_count = commits with <=3 words

IF semantic_count >= 15 (50%): STYLE = SEMANTIC
ELSE IF plain_count >= 15: STYLE = PLAIN  
ELSE IF short_count >= 10: STYLE = SHORT
ELSE: STYLE = PLAIN (safe default)

1.3 MANDATORY OUTPUT (BLOCKING)

You MUST output this block before proceeding to Phase 2. NO EXCEPTIONS.

STYLE DETECTION RESULT
======================
Analyzed: 30 commits from git log

Language: [KOREAN | ENGLISH]
  - Korean commits: N (X%)
  - English commits: M (Y%)

Style: [SEMANTIC | PLAIN | SENTENCE | SHORT]
  - Semantic (feat:, fix:, etc): N (X%)
  - Plain: M (Y%)
  - Short: K (Z%)

Reference examples from repo:
  1. "actual commit message from log"
  2. "actual commit message from log"
  3. "actual commit message from log"

All commits will follow: [LANGUAGE] + [STYLE]

IF YOU SKIP THIS OUTPUT, YOUR COMMITS WILL BE WRONG. STOP AND REDO. </style_detection>

---

PHASE 2: Branch Context Analysis

<branch_analysis>

2.1 Determine Branch State

BRANCH_STATE:
  current_branch: <name>
  has_upstream: true | false
  commits_ahead: N  # Local-only commits
  merge_base: <hash>
  
REWRITE_SAFETY:
  - If has_upstream AND commits_ahead > 0 AND already pushed:
    -> WARN before force push
  - If no upstream OR all commits local:
    -> Safe for aggressive rewrite (fixup, reset, rebase)
  - If on main/master:
    -> NEVER rewrite, only new commits

2.2 History Rewrite Strategy Decision

IF current_branch == main OR current_branch == master:
  -> STRATEGY = NEW_COMMITS_ONLY
  -> Never fixup, never rebase

ELSE IF commits_ahead == 0:
  -> STRATEGY = NEW_COMMITS_ONLY
  -> No history to rewrite

ELSE IF all commits are local (not pushed):
  -> STRATEGY = AGGRESSIVE_REWRITE
  -> Fixup freely, reset if needed, rebase to clean

ELSE IF pushed but not merged:
  -> STRATEGY = CAREFUL_REWRITE  
  -> Fixup OK but warn about force push

</branch_analysis>

---

PHASE 3: Atomic Unit Planning (BLOCKING - MUST OUTPUT BEFORE PROCEEDING)

<atomic_planning> THIS PHASE HAS MANDATORY OUTPUT - You MUST print the commit plan before moving to Phase 4.

3.0 Calculate Minimum Commit Count FIRST

FORMULA: min_commits = ceil(file_count / 3)

 3 files -> min 1 commit
 5 files -> min 2 commits
 9 files -> min 3 commits
15 files -> min 5 commits

If your planned commit count < min_commits -> WRONG. SPLIT MORE.

3.1 Split by Directory/Module FIRST (Primary Split)

RULE: Different directories = Different commits (almost always)

Example: 8 changed files
  - app/[locale]/page.tsx
  - app/[locale]/layout.tsx
  - components/demo/browser-frame.tsx
  - components/demo/shopify-full-site.tsx
  - components/pricing/pricing-table.tsx
  - e2e/navbar.spec.ts
  - messages/en.json
  - messages/ko.json

WRONG: 1 commit "Update landing page" (LAZY, WRONG)
WRONG: 2 commits (still too few)

CORRECT: Split by directory/concern:
  - Commit 1: app/[locale]/page.tsx + layout.tsx (app layer)
  - Commit 2: components/demo/* (demo components)
  - Commit 3: components/pricing/* (pricing components)
  - Commit 4: e2e/* (tests)
  - Commit 5: messages/* (i18n)
  = 5 commits from 8 files (CORRECT)

3.2 Split by Concern SECOND (Secondary Split)

Within same directory, split by logical concern:

Example: components/demo/ has 4 files
  - browser-frame.tsx (UI frame)
  - shopify-full-site.tsx (specific demo)
  - review-dashboard.tsx (NEW - specific demo)
  - tone-settings.tsx (NEW - specific demo)

Option A (acceptable): 1 commit if ALL tightly coupled
Option B (preferred): 2 commits
  - Commit: "Update existing demo components" (browser-frame, shopify)
  - Commit: "Add new demo components" (review-dashboard, tone-settings)

3.3 NEVER Do This (Anti-Pattern Examples)

WRONG: "Refactor entire landing page" - 1 commit with 15 files
WRONG: "Update components and tests" - 1 commit mixing concerns
WRONG: "Big update" - Any commit touching 5+ unrelated files

RIGHT: Multiple focused commits, each 1-4 files max
RIGHT: Each commit message describes ONE specific change
RIGHT: A reviewer can understand each commit in 30 seconds

3.4 Implementation + Test Pairing (MANDATORY)

RULE: Test files MUST be in same commit as implementation

Test patterns to match:
- test_*.py <-> *.py
- *_test.py <-> *.py
- *.test.ts <-> *.ts
- *.spec.ts <-> *.ts
- __tests__/*.ts <-> *.ts
- tests/*.py <-> src/*.py

3.5 MANDATORY JUSTIFICATION (Before Creating Commit Plan)

NON-NEGOTIABLE: Before finalizing your commit plan, you MUST:

FOR EACH planned commit with 3+ files:
  1. List all files in this commit
  2. Write ONE sentence explaining why they MUST be together
  3. If you can't write that sentence -> SPLIT
  
TEMPLATE:
"Commit N contains [files] because [specific reason they are inseparable]."

VALID reasons:
  VALID: "implementation file + its direct test file"
  VALID: "type definition + the only file that uses it"
  VALID: "migration + model change (would break without both)"
  
INVALID reasons (MUST SPLIT instead):
  INVALID: "all related to feature X" (too vague)
  INVALID: "part of the same PR" (not a reason)
  INVALID: "they were changed together" (not a reason)
  INVALID: "makes sense to group" (not a reason)

OUTPUT THIS JUSTIFICATION in your analysis before executing commits.

3.7 Dependency Ordering

Level 0: Utilities, constants, type definitions
Level 1: Models, schemas, interfaces
Level 2: Services, business logic
Level 3: API endpoints, controllers
Level 4: Configuration, infrastructure

COMMIT ORDER: Level 0 -> Level 1 -> Level 2 -> Level 3 -> Level 4

3.8 Create Commit Groups

For each logical feature/change:

- group_id: 1
  feature: "Add Shopify discount deletion"
  files:
    - errors/shopify_error.py
    - types/delete_input.py
    - mutations/update_contract.py
    - tests/test_update_contract.py
  dependency_level: 2
  target_commit: null | <existing-hash>  # null = new, hash = fixup

3.9 MANDATORY OUTPUT (BLOCKING)

You MUST output this block before proceeding to Phase 4. NO EXCEPTIONS.

COMMIT PLAN
===========
Files changed: N
Minimum commits required: ceil(N/3) = M
Planned commits: K
Status: K >= M (PASS) | K < M (FAIL - must split more)

COMMIT 1: [message in detected style]
  - path/to/file1.py
  - path/to/file1_test.py
  Justification: implementation + its test

COMMIT 2: [message in detected style]
  - path/to/file2.py
  Justification: independent utility function

COMMIT 3: [message in detected style]
  - config/settings.py
  - config/constants.py
  Justification: tightly coupled config changes

Execution order: Commit 1 -> Commit 2 -> Commit 3
(follows dependency: Level 0 -> Level 1 -> Level 2 -> ...)

VALIDATION BEFORE EXECUTION:

• Each commit has <=4 files (or justified)
• Each commit message matches detected STYLE + LANGUAGE
• Test files paired with implementation
• Different directories = different commits (or justified)
• Total commits >= min_commits

IF ANY CHECK FAILS, DO NOT PROCEED. REPLAN. </atomic_planning>

---

PHASE 4: Commit Strategy Decision

<strategy_decision>

4.1 For Each Commit Group, Decide:

FIXUP if:
  - Change complements existing commit's intent
  - Same feature, fixing bugs or adding missing parts
  - Review feedback incorporation
  - Target commit exists in local history

NEW COMMIT if:
  - New feature or capability
  - Independent logical unit
  - Different issue/ticket
  - No suitable target commit exists

4.2 History Rebuild Decision (Aggressive Option)

CONSIDER RESET & REBUILD when:
  - History is messy (many small fixups already)
  - Commits are not atomic (mixed concerns)
  - Dependency order is wrong
  
RESET WORKFLOW:
  1. git reset --soft $(git merge-base HEAD main)
  2. All changes now staged
  3. Re-commit in proper atomic units
  4. Clean history from scratch
  
ONLY IF:
  - All commits are local (not pushed)
  - User explicitly allows OR branch is clearly WIP

4.3 Final Plan Summary

EXECUTION_PLAN:
  strategy: FIXUP_THEN_NEW | NEW_ONLY | RESET_REBUILD
  fixup_commits:
    - files: [...]
      target: <hash>
  new_commits:
    - files: [...]
      message: "..."
      level: N
  requires_force_push: true | false

</strategy_decision>

---

PHASE 5: Commit Execution

### 5.1 Register TODO Items

Use TodoWrite to register each commit as a trackable item:

- [ ] Fixup: <description> -> <target-hash>
- [ ] New: <description>
- [ ] Rebase autosquash
- [ ] Final verification

5.2 Fixup Commits (If Any)

# Stage files for each fixup
git add <files>
git commit --fixup=<target-hash>

# Repeat for all fixups...

# Single autosquash rebase at the end
MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)
GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR=: git rebase -i --autosquash $MERGE_BASE

5.3 New Commits (After Fixups)

For each new commit group, in dependency order:

# Stage files
git add <file1> <file2> ...

# Verify staging
git diff --staged --stat

# Commit with detected style
git commit -m "<message-matching-COMMIT_CONFIG>"

# Verify
git log -1 --oneline

5.4 Commit Message Generation

Based on COMMIT_CONFIG from Phase 1:

IF style == SEMANTIC AND language == KOREAN:
  -> "feat: 로그인 기능 추가"
  
IF style == SEMANTIC AND language == ENGLISH:
  -> "feat: add login feature"
  
IF style == PLAIN AND language == KOREAN:
  -> "로그인 기능 추가"
  
IF style == PLAIN AND language == ENGLISH:
  -> "Add login feature"
  
IF style == SHORT:
  -> "format" / "type fix" / "lint"

VALIDATION before each commit:

1. Does message match detected style?
2. Does language match detected language?
3. Is it similar to examples from git log?

If ANY check fails -> REWRITE message.

</execution>

---

## PHASE 6: Verification & Cleanup

<verification>
### 6.1 Post-Commit Verification

```bash
# Check working directory clean
git status

# Review new history
git log --oneline $(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)..HEAD

# Verify each commit is atomic
# (mentally check: can each be reverted independently?)

6.2 Force Push Decision

IF fixup was used AND branch has upstream:
  -> Requires: git push --force-with-lease
  -> WARN user about force push implications
  
IF only new commits:
  -> Regular: git push

6.3 Final Report

COMMIT SUMMARY:
  Strategy: <what was done>
  Commits created: N
  Fixups merged: M
  
HISTORY:
  <hash1> <message1>
  <hash2> <message2>
  ...

NEXT STEPS:
  - git push [--force-with-lease]
  - Create PR if ready

---

Quick Reference

Style Detection Cheat Sheet

If git log shows...	Use this style
feat: xxx, fix: yyy	SEMANTIC
Add xxx, Fix yyy, xxx 추가	PLAIN
format, lint, typo	SHORT
Full sentences	SENTENCE
Mix of above	Use MAJORITY (not semantic by default)

Decision Tree

Is this on main/master?
  YES -> NEW_COMMITS_ONLY, never rewrite
  NO -> Continue

Are all commits local (not pushed)?
  YES -> AGGRESSIVE_REWRITE allowed
  NO -> CAREFUL_REWRITE (warn on force push)

Does change complement existing commit?
  YES -> FIXUP to that commit
  NO -> NEW COMMIT

Is history messy?
  YES + all local -> Consider RESET_REBUILD
  NO -> Normal flow

Anti-Patterns (AUTOMATIC FAILURE)

1. NEVER make one giant commit - 3+ files MUST be 2+ commits
2. NEVER default to semantic commits - detect from git log first
3. NEVER separate test from implementation - same commit always
4. NEVER group by file type - group by feature/module
5. NEVER rewrite pushed history without explicit permission
6. NEVER leave working directory dirty - complete all changes
7. NEVER skip JUSTIFICATION - explain why files are grouped
8. NEVER use vague grouping reasons - "related to X" is NOT valid

---

FINAL CHECK BEFORE EXECUTION (BLOCKING)

STOP AND VERIFY - Do not proceed until ALL boxes checked:

[] File count check: N files -> at least ceil(N/3) commits?
  - 3 files -> min 1 commit
  - 5 files -> min 2 commits
  - 10 files -> min 4 commits
  - 20 files -> min 7 commits

[] Justification check: For each commit with 3+ files, did I write WHY?

[] Directory split check: Different directories -> different commits?

[] Test pairing check: Each test with its implementation?

[] Dependency order check: Foundations before dependents?

HARD STOP CONDITIONS:

• Making 1 commit from 3+ files -> WRONG. SPLIT.
• Making 2 commits from 10+ files -> WRONG. SPLIT MORE.
• Can't justify file grouping in one sentence -> WRONG. SPLIT.
• Different directories in same commit (without justification) -> WRONG. SPLIT.

---

---

REBASE MODE (Phase R1-R4)

PHASE R1: Rebase Context Analysis

<rebase_context>

R1.1 Parallel Information Gathering

# Execute ALL in parallel
git branch --show-current
git log --oneline -20
git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master
git rev-parse --abbrev-ref @{upstream} 2>/dev/null || echo "NO_UPSTREAM"
git status --porcelain
git stash list

R1.2 Safety Assessment

Condition	Risk Level	Action
On main/master	CRITICAL	ABORT - never rebase main
Dirty working directory	WARNING	Stash first: git stash push -m "pre-rebase"
Pushed commits exist	WARNING	Will require force-push; confirm with user
All commits local	SAFE	Proceed freely
Upstream diverged	WARNING	May need --onto strategy

R1.3 Determine Rebase Strategy

USER REQUEST -> STRATEGY:

"squash commits" / "cleanup" / "정리"
  -> INTERACTIVE_SQUASH

"rebase on main" / "update branch" / "메인에 리베이스"
  -> REBASE_ONTO_BASE

"autosquash" / "apply fixups"
  -> AUTOSQUASH

"reorder commits" / "커밋 순서"
  -> INTERACTIVE_REORDER

"split commit" / "커밋 분리"
  -> INTERACTIVE_EDIT

</rebase_context>

---

PHASE R2: Rebase Execution

<rebase_execution>

R2.1 Interactive Rebase (Squash/Reorder)

# Find merge-base
MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)

# Start interactive rebase
# NOTE: Cannot use -i interactively. Use GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR for automation.

# For SQUASH (combine all into one):
git reset --soft $MERGE_BASE
git commit -m "Combined: <summarize all changes>"

# For SELECTIVE SQUASH (keep some, squash others):
# Use fixup approach - mark commits to squash, then autosquash

R2.2 Autosquash Workflow

# When you have fixup! or squash! commits:
MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)
GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR=: git rebase -i --autosquash $MERGE_BASE

# The GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR=: trick auto-accepts the rebase todo
# Fixup commits automatically merge into their targets

R2.3 Rebase Onto (Branch Update)

# Scenario: Your branch is behind main, need to update

# Simple rebase onto main:
git fetch origin
git rebase origin/main

# Complex: Move commits to different base
# git rebase --onto <newbase> <oldbase> <branch>
git rebase --onto origin/main $(git merge-base HEAD origin/main) HEAD

R2.4 Handling Conflicts

CONFLICT DETECTED -> WORKFLOW:

1. Identify conflicting files:
   git status | grep "both modified"

2. For each conflict:
   - Read the file
   - Understand both versions (HEAD vs incoming)
   - Resolve by editing file
   - Remove conflict markers (<<<<, ====, >>>>)

3. Stage resolved files:
   git add <resolved-file>

4. Continue rebase:
   git rebase --continue

5. If stuck or confused:
   git rebase --abort  # Safe rollback

R2.5 Recovery Procedures

Situation	Command	Notes
Rebase going wrong	git rebase --abort	Returns to pre-rebase state
Need original commits	git reflog -> git reset --hard <hash>	Reflog keeps 90 days
Accidentally force-pushed	git reflog -> coordinate with team	May need to notify others
Lost commits after rebase	git fsck --lost-found	Nuclear option
</rebase_execution>

---

PHASE R3: Post-Rebase Verification

<rebase_verify>

# Verify clean state
git status

# Check new history
git log --oneline $(git merge-base HEAD main 2>/dev/null || git merge-base HEAD master)..HEAD

# Verify code still works (if tests exist)
# Run project-specific test command

# Compare with pre-rebase if needed
git diff ORIG_HEAD..HEAD --stat

Push Strategy

IF branch never pushed:
  -> git push -u origin <branch>

IF branch already pushed:
  -> git push --force-with-lease origin <branch>
  -> ALWAYS use --force-with-lease (not --force)
  -> Prevents overwriting others' work

</rebase_verify>

---

PHASE R4: Rebase Report

REBASE SUMMARY:
  Strategy: <SQUASH | AUTOSQUASH | ONTO | REORDER>
  Commits before: N
  Commits after: M
  Conflicts resolved: K
  
HISTORY (after rebase):
  <hash1> <message1>
  <hash2> <message2>

NEXT STEPS:
  - git push --force-with-lease origin <branch>
  - Review changes before merge

---

---

HISTORY SEARCH MODE (Phase H1-H3)

PHASE H1: Determine Search Type

<history_search_type>

H1.1 Parse User Request

User Request	Search Type	Tool
"when was X added" / "X가 언제 추가됐어"	PICKAXE	git log -S
"find commits changing X pattern"	REGEX	git log -G
"who wrote this line" / "이 줄 누가 썼어"	BLAME	git blame
"when did bug start" / "버그 언제 생겼어"	BISECT	git bisect
"history of file" / "파일 히스토리"	FILE_LOG	git log -- path
"find deleted code" / "삭제된 코드 찾기"	PICKAXE_ALL	git log -S --all

H1.2 Extract Search Parameters

From user request, identify:
- SEARCH_TERM: The string/pattern to find
- FILE_SCOPE: Specific file(s) or entire repo
- TIME_RANGE: All time or specific period
- BRANCH_SCOPE: Current branch or --all branches

</history_search_type>

---

PHASE H2: Execute Search

<history_search_exec>

H2.1 Pickaxe Search (git log -S)

Purpose: Find commits that ADD or REMOVE a specific string

# Basic: Find when string was added/removed
git log -S "searchString" --oneline

# With context (see the actual changes):
git log -S "searchString" -p

# In specific file:
git log -S "searchString" -- path/to/file.py

# Across all branches (find deleted code):
git log -S "searchString" --all --oneline

# With date range:
git log -S "searchString" --since="2024-01-01" --oneline

# Case insensitive:
git log -S "searchstring" -i --oneline

Example Use Cases:

# When was this function added?
git log -S "def calculate_discount" --oneline

# When was this constant removed?
git log -S "MAX_RETRY_COUNT" --all --oneline

# Find who introduced a bug pattern
git log -S "== None" -- "*.py" --oneline  # Should be "is None"

H2.2 Regex Search (git log -G)

Purpose: Find commits where diff MATCHES a regex pattern

# Find commits touching lines matching pattern
git log -G "pattern.*regex" --oneline

# Find function definition changes
git log -G "def\s+my_function" --oneline -p

# Find import changes
git log -G "^import\s+requests" -- "*.py" --oneline

# Find TODO additions/removals
git log -G "TODO|FIXME|HACK" --oneline

-S vs -G Difference:

-S "foo": Finds commits where COUNT of "foo" changed
-G "foo": Finds commits where DIFF contains "foo"

Use -S for: "when was X added/removed"
Use -G for: "what commits touched lines containing X"

H2.3 Git Blame

Purpose: Line-by-line attribution

# Basic blame
git blame path/to/file.py

# Specific line range
git blame -L 10,20 path/to/file.py

# Show original commit (ignoring moves/copies)
git blame -C path/to/file.py

# Ignore whitespace changes
git blame -w path/to/file.py

# Show email instead of name
git blame -e path/to/file.py

# Output format for parsing
git blame --porcelain path/to/file.py

Reading Blame Output:

^abc1234 (Author Name 2024-01-15 10:30:00 +0900 42) code_line_here
|         |            |                       |    +-- Line content
|         |            |                       +-- Line number
|         |            +-- Timestamp
|         +-- Author
+-- Commit hash (^ means initial commit)

H2.4 Git Bisect (Binary Search for Bugs)

Purpose: Find exact commit that introduced a bug

# Start bisect session
git bisect start

# Mark current (bad) state
git bisect bad

# Mark known good commit (e.g., last release)
git bisect good v1.0.0

# Git checkouts middle commit. Test it, then:
git bisect good  # if this commit is OK
git bisect bad   # if this commit has the bug

# Repeat until git finds the culprit commit
# Git will output: "abc1234 is the first bad commit"

# When done, return to original state
git bisect reset

Automated Bisect (with test script):

# If you have a test that fails on bug:
git bisect start
git bisect bad HEAD
git bisect good v1.0.0
git bisect run pytest tests/test_specific.py

# Git runs test on each commit automatically
# Exits 0 = good, exits 1-127 = bad, exits 125 = skip

H2.5 File History Tracking

# Full history of a file
git log --oneline -- path/to/file.py

# Follow file across renames
git log --follow --oneline -- path/to/file.py

# Show actual changes
git log -p -- path/to/file.py

# Files that no longer exist
git log --all --full-history -- "**/deleted_file.py"

# Who changed file most
git shortlog -sn -- path/to/file.py

</history_search_exec>

---

PHASE H3: Present Results

<history_results>

H3.1 Format Search Results

SEARCH QUERY: "<what user asked>"
SEARCH TYPE: <PICKAXE | REGEX | BLAME | BISECT | FILE_LOG>
COMMAND USED: git log -S "..." ...

RESULTS:
  Commit       Date           Message
  ---------    ----------     --------------------------------
  abc1234      2024-06-15     feat: add discount calculation
  def5678      2024-05-20     refactor: extract pricing logic

MOST RELEVANT COMMIT: abc1234
DETAILS:
  Author: John Doe <[e-mail]>
  Date: 2024-06-15
  Files changed: 3
  
DIFF EXCERPT (if applicable):
  + def calculate_discount(price, rate):
  +     return price * (1 - rate)

H3.2 Provide Actionable Context

Based on search results, offer relevant follow-ups:

FOUND THAT commit abc1234 introduced the change.

POTENTIAL ACTIONS:
- View full commit: git show abc1234
- Revert this commit: git revert abc1234
- See related commits: git log --ancestry-path abc1234..HEAD
- Cherry-pick to another branch: git cherry-pick abc1234

</history_results>

---

Quick Reference: History Search Commands

Goal	Command
When was "X" added?	git log -S "X" --oneline
When was "X" removed?	git log -S "X" --all --oneline
What commits touched "X"?	git log -G "X" --oneline
Who wrote line N?	git blame -L N,N file.py
When did bug start?	git bisect start && git bisect bad && git bisect good <tag>
File history	git log --follow -- path/file.py
Find deleted file	git log --all --full-history -- "**/filename"
Author stats for file	git shortlog -sn -- path/file.py

---

Anti-Patterns (ALL MODES)

Commit Mode

• One commit for many files -> SPLIT
• Default to semantic style -> DETECT first

Rebase Mode

• Rebase main/master -> NEVER
• --force instead of --force-with-lease -> DANGEROUS
• Rebase without stashing dirty files -> WILL FAIL

History Search Mode

• -S when -G is appropriate -> Wrong results
• Blame without -C on moved code -> Wrong attribution
• Bisect without proper good/bad boundaries -> Wasted time