extracting-config-from-agent-tesla-rat

name	extracting-config-from-agent-tesla-rat
description	Extracts embedded configuration from Agent Tesla RAT samples, including SMTP/FTP/Telegram exfiltration credentials, keylogger settings, and C2 endpoints, via .NET decompilation and memory analysis. Use when analyzing a suspected or confirmed Agent Tesla sample and you need to recover its exfiltration channel and C2 configuration for threat intelligence or incident response.
domain	cybersecurity
subdomain	malware-analysis
tags	["agent-tesla","rat","config-extraction","dotnet","malware-analysis","keylogger","credential-theft"]
version	1.0
author	mahipal
license	Apache-2.0
atlas_techniques	["AML.T0024","AML.T0056","AML.T0086"]
nist_ai_rmf	["GOVERN-1.1","MEASURE-2.7","MANAGE-3.1"]
nist_csf	["DE.AE-02","RS.AN-03","ID.RA-01","DE.CM-01"]
mitre_attack	["T1027","T1055","T1140","T1497","T1003"]

Extracting Config from Agent Tesla RAT

Overview

Agent Tesla is a .NET-based Remote Access Trojan (RAT) and keylogger that ranked among the top 10 malware variants in 2024, impacting 6.3% of corporate networks globally. It exfiltrates stolen credentials via SMTP email, FTP upload, Telegram bot API, or Discord webhooks. The malware configuration is embedded in the .NET assembly, typically obfuscated using string encryption, resource encryption, or custom loaders that decrypt and execute Agent Tesla in memory via .NET Reflection (fileless). Configuration extraction involves decompiling the .NET assembly with dnSpy or ILSpy, identifying the decryption routine for configuration strings, and extracting SMTP server addresses, credentials, FTP endpoints, Telegram bot tokens, and targeted applications.

When to Use

• When performing authorized security testing that involves extracting config from agent tesla rat
• When analyzing malware samples or attack artifacts in a controlled environment
• When conducting red team exercises or penetration testing engagements
• When building detection capabilities based on offensive technique understanding

Prerequisites

• dnSpy or ILSpy for .NET decompilation
• Python 3.9+ with dnlib or pythonnet for automated extraction
• de4dot for .NET deobfuscation
• Understanding of .NET IL code and Reflection
• Sandbox for dynamic analysis (ANY.RUN, CAPE)

Workflow

Step 1: Deobfuscate and Extract Configuration

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Extract Agent Tesla RAT configuration from .NET assemblies."""
import re
import sys
import json
import base64
import hashlib
from pathlib import Path


def extract_strings_from_dotnet(filepath):
    """Extract readable strings from .NET binary for config analysis."""
    with open(filepath, 'rb') as f:
        data = f.read()

    # Extract US (User Strings) heap from .NET metadata
    strings = []

    
    patterns = {
        : re.(, re.I),
        : re.(),
        : re.(, re.I),
        : re.(),
        : re.(, re.I),
        : re.(),
        : re.(, re.I),
        : re.(, re.I),
    }

    results = {}
     name, pattern  patterns.items():
        matches = pattern.findall(data)
         matches:
            results[name] = [m.decode(, errors=)  m  matches]

    
    b64_pattern = re.()
    b64_decoded = []
       b64_pattern.finditer(data):
        :
            decoded = base64.b64decode(.group())
            text = decoded.decode(, errors=)
             text.isprintable()  (text) > :
                b64_decoded.append(text)
         Exception:
            

     b64_decoded:
        results[] = b64_decoded[:]

     results


 ():
    
    key = .fromhex(key_hex)
    
    decrypted_strings = []

    
    blob_pattern = re.()
       blob_pattern.finditer(data):
        blob = .group()
        
        decrypted = (b ^ key[i % (key)]  i, b  (blob))
        :
            text = decrypted.decode(, errors=)
             text.isprintable()  (text.strip()) > :
                decrypted_strings.append(text.strip())
         UnicodeDecodeError:
            

    
    sha256_key = hashlib.sha256(key).digest()

     decrypted_strings


 ():
    
    methods = []

     config.get():
        methods.append({
            : ,
            : config[],
            : config.get(, []),
        })

     config.get():
        methods.append({
            : ,
            : config[],
        })

     config.get():
        methods.append({
            : ,
            : config[],
            : config.get(, []),
        })

     config.get():
        methods.append({
            : ,
            : config[],
        })

     methods


 __name__ == :
     (sys.argv) < :
        ()
        sys.exit()

    config = extract_strings_from_dotnet(sys.argv[])
    methods = analyze_exfiltration_config(config)

    report = {: config, : methods}
    (json.dumps(report, indent=))