hugo-github-actions

name	Hugo GitHub Actions
description	This skill should be used when the user asks about deploying Hugo to GitHub Pages, setting up a GitHub Actions workflow for Hugo, Hugo CI/CD pipeline, content-aware path filtering for Hugo builds, caching Hugo modules in CI, Hugo PR preview deployments, Hugo build workflow, or configuring GitHub Pages deployment for a Hugo site. Also applies when troubleshooting GitHub Actions workflow failures related to Hugo builds.
version	1.0.0

Overview

Deploy Hugo sites to GitHub Pages using GitHub Actions with content-aware path filtering. In repositories where Hugo documentation lives alongside code, path filtering ensures site rebuilds only trigger when content, configuration, or theme files change — not on code-only commits.

Standard GitHub Pages Workflow

Create .github/workflows/hugo-deploy.yml:

name: Deploy Hugo site to GitHub Pages

on:
  push:
    branches: [master, main]
    paths:
      # Hugo content and configuration
      - 'content/**'
      - 'layouts/**'
      - 'static/**'
      - 'assets/**'
      - 'data/**'
      - 'themes/**'
      - 'hugo.toml'
      - 'hugo.yaml'
      - 'hugo.json'
      - 'config/**'
      - 'go.mod'
      - 'go.sum'
      # Mounted docs directories (add one per mount)
      # - 'plugin-a/docs/**'
      # - 'plugin-b/docs/**'
      # The workflow file itself
      - '.github/workflows/hugo-deploy.yml'
  workflow_dispatch:  # Allow manual triggering

permissions:
  contents: read
  pages: write
  id-token: write

concurrency:
  group: "pages"
  cancel-in-progress: false

defaults:
  run:
    shell: bash

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      HUGO_VERSION: '0.142.0'
      HUGO_ENVIRONMENT: production
    steps:
      - name: Install Hugo CLI
        run: |
          wget -O ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_extended_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux-amd64.deb
          sudo dpkg -i ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb

      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          submodules: recursive
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Setup Pages
        id: pages
        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5

      - name: Install Node.js dependencies
        run: |
          [[ -f package-lock.json || -f npm-shrinkwrap.json ]] && npm ci || true

      - name: Cache Hugo modules
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: |
            ~/.cache/hugo_cache
            /tmp/hugo_cache
          key: ${{ runner.os }}-hugo-${{ hashFiles('go.sum') }}
          restore-keys: |
            ${{ runner.os }}-hugo-

      - name: Build with Hugo
        run: |
          hugo \
            --minify \
            --baseURL "${{ steps.pages.outputs.base_url }}/"

      - name: Upload artifact
        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
        with:
          path: ./public

  deploy:
    environment:
      name: github-pages
      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: build
    steps:
      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
        id: deployment
        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4

Content-Aware Path Filtering

The paths filter is critical for repos where Hugo content lives alongside code. Without it, every code commit triggers a site rebuild.

Add one path entry per mounted docs directory:

on:
  push:
    paths:
      # Standard Hugo directories
      - 'content/**'
      - 'layouts/**'
      - 'static/**'
      - 'assets/**'
      - 'data/**'
      - 'themes/**'
      - 'hugo.toml'
      - 'go.mod'
      - 'go.sum'
      # Per-plugin/service docs (one per mount)
      - 'plugin-a/docs/**'
      - 'plugin-b/docs/**'
      - 'services/api/docs/**'

When adding a new mount, also add its path to the workflow filter.

Hugo Extended Edition

The extended edition is required for SCSS/PostCSS processing. The workflow above uses hugo_extended_ in the download URL. If the theme does not use SCSS, the standard edition works and is smaller:

# Standard edition (no SCSS)
wget -O ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux-amd64.deb

Hugo Version Pinning

Pin the Hugo version in the workflow (HUGO_VERSION: '0.142.0'). Update deliberately, not automatically, since Hugo occasionally has breaking changes in template handling.

Check for updates: https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases

PR Preview Deployments

For previewing documentation changes before merging, add a PR workflow that builds but does not deploy:

name: Hugo PR Preview

on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - 'content/**'
      - 'layouts/**'
      - 'data/**'
      - 'hugo.toml'
      # Add mounted paths

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      HUGO_VERSION: '0.142.0'
    steps:
      - name: Install Hugo CLI
        run: |
          wget -O ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_extended_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux-amd64.deb
          sudo dpkg -i ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb

      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          submodules: recursive
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Build with Hugo
        run: hugo --minify --baseURL "https://example.com/"

      - name: Report
        run: |
          echo "## Hugo Build Summary" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
          echo "Pages: $(find public -name '*.html' | wc -l)" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
          echo "Total size: $(du -sh public | cut -f1)" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY

GitHub Pages Setup

Before the workflow deploys successfully:

1. Go to repository Settings > Pages
2. Set Source to "GitHub Actions"
3. The first workflow run will create the deployment

Common Issues

Issue	Fix
404 on deployed site	Check baseURL matches your GitHub Pages URL
CSS/JS not loading	Ensure baseURL has trailing slash and uses HTTPS
Build succeeds but site empty	Check public/ contains HTML files; verify content is not all draft: true
Module resolution fails	Ensure go.mod and go.sum are committed
SCSS compilation fails	Use hugo_extended_ in the download URL
Old content after deploy	GitHub Pages CDN may cache; wait a few minutes or check cache headers