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Guidelines for assigning vocabulary to the three-tier system (basic, core, general). Covers tier criteria, word counts, self-containment principles, and semantic grouping.
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| name | vocabulary-tiers |
| description | Guidelines for assigning vocabulary to the three-tier system (basic, core, general). Covers tier criteria, word counts, self-containment principles, and semantic grouping. |
This dictionary uses a three-tier vocabulary classification system instead of JLPT levels. This approach provides a pedagogically coherent organization based on actual learner needs rather than test-preparation categories.
The most fundamental vocabulary that forms the foundation for any person learning Japanese, regardless of purpose.
Characteristics:
Target learner: Complete beginner through early intermediate. Someone who has studied for approximately 3-6 months should know most basic tier vocabulary.
Vocabulary expected to be known by any adult using Japanese for work, study, or social life.
Characteristics:
Target learner: Intermediate learner through advanced. Someone actively using Japanese in professional or social contexts should know most core tier vocabulary.
All vocabulary not classified as basic or core.
Characteristics:
Target learner: Advanced learners, specialists, or those with specific domain interests.
CRITICAL: Both basic and core tiers must be as self-contained as possible for semantically and functionally similar terms.
If members of a natural semantic or functional group are included in a tier, all members of that group should be in the same tier. This prevents fragmented learning and ensures pedagogical coherence.
If {一|いち} is in basic, then ALL of these must be in basic:
You cannot have {一|いち} through {七|なな} in basic and {八|はち} through {十|じゅう} in core.
If {月曜日|げつようび} is in a tier, all seven days must be in that same tier:
The core color terms should stay together:
If these are in basic, extended colors like {紫|むらさき}, {灰色|はいいろ}, {茶色|ちゃいろ} might reasonably be in core.
Basic family terms should stay together:
Basic question words form a natural set:
If a semantic group cannot fit entirely within a tier's word limit, move the entire group to a lower-priority tier.
If you are drafting the core vocabulary and approaching the 2000-word limit:
This maintains the integrity of the semantic grouping. A learner in the core tier either knows all 12 zodiac animals or none—there's no awkward partial knowledge.
Counters for small animals ({匹|ひき}), flat objects ({枚|まい}), and long thin objects ({本|ほん}) might be core.
But if you're near the limit and have only included 3 of 6 floor-counting counters ({階|かい}):
When assigning tiers, consider these natural groupings:
Time expressions:
Numbers:
Basic counters:
Direction/location:
Body parts:
Family:
Basic verbs:
Pronouns:
Some semantic groups naturally span tiers based on frequency:
Seasons: {春|はる}, {夏|なつ}, {秋|あき}, {冬|ふゆ} → likely basic or core (keep together) But season-specific vocabulary (e.g., {紅葉|こうよう}, {梅雨|つゆ}) → may be general
Animals: Common animals ({犬|いぬ}, {猫|ねこ}, {鳥|とり}) → basic/core Less common ({熊|くま}, {狼|おおかみ}, {鯨|くじら}) → general
Occupations: Very common ({先生|せんせい}, {医者|いしゃ}, {学生|がくせい}) → basic/core Specialized ({弁護士|べんごし}, {会計士|かいけいし}) → core/general
The vocabulary tier realignment project has been completed. The tiers are now fixed at:
All entries have been assigned a tier, and semantic groups are kept intact (no groups split across tiers).
All new entries must be assigned to the "general" tier.
Do NOT assign new entries to basic or core tiers. The basic and core tiers have been curated to:
When creating a new entry, always set:
"metadata": {
"vocabulary_tier": "general",
...
}
The only exception is if explicitly instructed by the user to adjust tier assignments.
The basic and core tiers are considered stable. If you need to revise an existing entry:
Vocabulary tier is stored in the metadata.vocabulary_tier field. Valid values are "basic", "core", or "general".
Word: {食べる|たべる} (to eat)
Decision: BASIC
Word: {提案|ていあん} (proposal, suggestion)
Decision: CORE
Word: {判例|はんれい} (judicial precedent)
Decision: GENERAL
Scenario: Assigning the demonstrative series
The こ/そ/あ/ど demonstrative system:
Decision: All 16 words → BASIC
Even though こちら/そちら/あちら/どちら are slightly less frequent, the demonstrative system is a coherent grammatical unit. Splitting it would create pedagogical confusion.
Scenario: Core tier is at 1950 words. Considering adding prefecture names.
Japan has 47 prefectures. Adding even the most famous 5 would:
Decision: All prefecture names → GENERAL
A learner should either know all prefectures or learn them as needed. Partial knowledge of "the 5 most famous prefectures" is not pedagogically useful.
vocabulary_tier is set to "general" (required for all new entries)Note: The decision criteria above (basic/core/general) are historical documentation of how the tiers were curated. They should NOT be used to assign new entries to basic or core tiers. All new entries go to general tier.
General quality standards for all je-dict-1 dictionary entries. Use when creating or revising any entry type.
Requirements for creating or revising adjective entries in je-dict-1. Covers forms, conjugations, predicate vs modifier usage, and similar word distinctions.
Requirements for creating and revising example sentences in je-dict-1. Covers minimum counts, progressive length, vocabulary restrictions by tier, and quality standards.
Requirements for creating nouns, counters, adverbs, and expressions in je-dict-1. Covers collocations, counting patterns, register, and cultural notes.
Requirements for creating or revising verb entries in je-dict-1. Covers transitivity, aspect/ている behavior, particle patterns, and collocations.
Requirements for formatting and structuring the notes field in je-dict-1 entries. Covers formatting, content organization, and readability standards.