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{"T1547":"Chain with T1547 for deeper attack path","T1547.002":"Chain with T1547.002 for deeper attack path","T1547.003":"Chain with T1547.003 for deeper attack path"}
T1547.001 Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder
Sub-technique of: T1547
High-Level Description
Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. Adding an entry to the "run keys" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in. These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.
The following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:
Run keys may exist under multiple hives. The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnceEx is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency. For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a "Depend" key with RunOnceEx: reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnceEx\0001\Depend /v 1 /d "C:\temp\evil[.]dll"
Placing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in. There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. The startup folder path for the current user is C:\Users\[Username]\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup. The startup folder path for all users is C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp.
The following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:
Programs listed in the load value of the registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows run automatically for the currently logged-on user.
By default, the multistring BootExecute value of the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager is set to autocheck autochk *. This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot.
Adversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use Masquerading to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.
Kill Chain Phase
Persistence (TA0003)
Privilege Escalation (TA0004)
Platforms: Windows
What to Check
Identify if Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder technique is applicable to target environment
Check Windows systems for indicators of Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder
Atomic Test 4: Suspicious vbs file run from startup Folder
vbs files can be placed in and ran from the startup folder to maintain persistance. Upon execution, "T1547.001 Hello, World VBS!" will be displayed twice.
Additionally, the new files can be viewed in the "$env:APPDATA\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup"
folder and will also run when the computer is restarted and the user logs in.
Supported Platforms: windows
Elevation Required: Yes
Atomic Test 5: Suspicious jse file run from startup Folder
jse files can be placed in and ran from the startup folder to maintain persistance.
Upon execution, "T1547.001 Hello, World JSE!" will be displayed twice.
Additionally, the new files can be viewed in the "$env:APPDATA\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup"
folder and will also run when the computer is restarted and the user logs in.
Supported Platforms: windows
Elevation Required: Yes
If Atomic Red Team tests are not applicable, manually verify the technique by:
Identify Attack Surface: Determine if the target environment is susceptible to Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder by examining the target platforms (Windows).
Assess Existing Defenses: Review whether mitigations for T1547.001 are in place. If defenses are absent or misconfigured, this technique may be exploitable.
Execute Test: Use tools and methods described in the MITRE ATT&CK page and external references below.
Remediation Guide
No specific mitigations documented for this technique.
Detection
Detect Registry and Startup Folder Persistence (Windows)
Risk Assessment
Finding
Severity
Impact
Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder technique applicable
