| name | cpp-testing |
| description | 仅用于编写/更新/修复C++测试、配置GoogleTest/CTest、诊断失败或不稳定的测试，或添加覆盖率/消毒器时使用。 |
| origin | ECC |
针对现代 C++（C++17/20）的代理导向测试工作流，使用 GoogleTest/GoogleMock 和 CMake/CTest。
tests/unit、tests/integration、tests/testdata。gtest_discover_tests() 进行稳定的测试发现。--output-on-failure 运行完整套件。遵循 RED → GREEN → REFACTOR 循环：
// tests/add_test.cpp
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
int Add(int a, int b); // Provided by production code.
TEST(AddTest, AddsTwoNumbers) { // RED
EXPECT_EQ(Add(2, 3), 5);
}
// src/add.cpp
int Add(int a, int b) { // GREEN
return a + b;
}
// REFACTOR: simplify/rename once tests pass
// tests/calculator_test.cpp
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
int Add(int a, int b); // Provided by production code.
TEST(CalculatorTest, AddsTwoNumbers) {
EXPECT_EQ(Add(2, 3), 5);
}
// tests/user_store_test.cpp
// Pseudocode stub: replace UserStore/User with project types.
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
struct User { std::string name; };
class UserStore {
public:
explicit UserStore(std::string /*path*/) {}
void Seed(std::initializer_list<User> /*users*/) {}
std::optional<User> Find(const std::string &/*name*/) { return User{"alice"}; }
};
class UserStoreTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
void SetUp() override {
store = std::make_unique<UserStore>(":memory:");
store->Seed({{"alice"}, {"bob"}});
}
std::unique_ptr<UserStore> store;
};
TEST_F(UserStoreTest, FindsExistingUser) {
auto user = store->Find("alice");
ASSERT_TRUE(user.has_value());
EXPECT_EQ(user->name, "alice");
}
// tests/notifier_test.cpp
#include <gmock/gmock.h>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <string>
class Notifier {
public:
virtual ~Notifier() = default;
virtual void Send(const std::string &message) = 0;
};
class MockNotifier : public Notifier {
public:
MOCK_METHOD(void, Send, (const std::string &message), (override));
};
class Service {
public:
explicit Service(Notifier ¬ifier) : notifier_(notifier) {}
void Publish(const std::string &message) { notifier_.Send(message); }
private:
Notifier ¬ifier_;
};
TEST(ServiceTest, SendsNotifications) {
MockNotifier notifier;
Service service(notifier);
EXPECT_CALL(notifier, Send("hello")).Times(1);
service.Publish("hello");
}
# CMakeLists.txt (excerpt)
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(example LANGUAGES CXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
include(FetchContent)
# Prefer project-locked versions. If using a tag, use a pinned version per project policy.
set(GTEST_VERSION v1.17.0) # Adjust to project policy.
FetchContent_Declare(
googletest
# Google Test framework (official repository)
URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/tags/${GTEST_VERSION}.zip
)
FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
add_executable(example_tests
tests/calculator_test.cpp
src/calculator.cpp
)
target_link_libraries(example_tests GTest::gtest GTest::gmock GTest::gtest_main)
enable_testing()
include(GoogleTest)
gtest_discover_tests(example_tests)
cmake -S . -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
cmake --build build -j
ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
ctest --test-dir build -R ClampTest
ctest --test-dir build -R "UserStoreTest.*" --output-on-failure
./build/example_tests --gtest_filter=ClampTest.*
./build/example_tests --gtest_filter=UserStoreTest.FindsExistingUser
优先使用目标级别的设置，而非全局标志。
option(ENABLE_COVERAGE "Enable coverage flags" OFF)
if(ENABLE_COVERAGE)
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "GNU")
target_compile_options(example_tests PRIVATE --coverage)
target_link_options(example_tests PRIVATE --coverage)
elseif(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
target_compile_options(example_tests PRIVATE -fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping)
target_link_options(example_tests PRIVATE -fprofile-instr-generate)
endif()
endif()
GCC + gcov + lcov：
cmake -S . -B build-cov -DENABLE_COVERAGE=ON
cmake --build build-cov -j
ctest --test-dir build-cov
lcov --capture --directory build-cov --output-file coverage.info
lcov --remove coverage.info '/usr/*' --output-file coverage.info
genhtml coverage.info --output-directory coverage
Clang + llvm-cov：
cmake -S . -B build-llvm -DENABLE_COVERAGE=ON -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++
cmake --build build-llvm -j
LLVM_PROFILE_FILE="build-llvm/default.profraw" ctest --test-dir build-llvm
llvm-profdata merge -sparse build-llvm/default.profraw -o build-llvm/default.profdata
llvm-cov report build-llvm/example_tests -instr-profile=build-llvm/default.profdata
option(ENABLE_ASAN "Enable AddressSanitizer" OFF)
option(ENABLE_UBSAN "Enable UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer" OFF)
option(ENABLE_TSAN "Enable ThreadSanitizer" OFF)
if(ENABLE_ASAN)
add_compile_options(-fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer)
add_link_options(-fsanitize=address)
endif()
if(ENABLE_UBSAN)
add_compile_options(-fsanitize=undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer)
add_link_options(-fsanitize=undefined)
endif()
if(ENABLE_TSAN)
add_compile_options(-fsanitize=thread)
add_link_options(-fsanitize=thread)
endif()
sleep 进行同步；使用条件变量或门闩。ASSERT_*，对多个检查使用 EXPECT_*仅在项目已支持 LLVM/libFuzzer 或属性测试库时使用。
最小的 libFuzzer 测试框架（伪代码：替换 ParseConfig）：
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <string>
extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
std::string input(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data), size);
// ParseConfig(input); // project function
return 0;
}