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database-fundamentals
Auto-invoke when reviewing schema design, database queries, ORM usage, or migrations. Enforces normalization, indexing awareness, query optimization, and migration safety.
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Auto-invoke when reviewing schema design, database queries, ORM usage, or migrations. Enforces normalization, indexing awareness, query optimization, and migration safety.
Professional frontend standards for building, scaffolding, extending, or reviewing any UI or frontend project — new or existing — even when standards aren't explicitly asked for. Keeps generated code consistent, reusable, secure, and production-quality. Framework-agnostic: React, Vue, Angular, Svelte, plain JS.
发布本地生成的 HTML、Markdown、TXT、PDF、Word 或 PPTX 到 ShareOne 平台,生成公网分享短链接;或者当用户提供 ShareOne 链接并要求下载文件、修改文件、拉取/处理评论时使用此技能。当用户要求“发布”、“分享”、“生成链接”、“上线”,或者“下载这个链接的文件”、“修改这个 ShareOne 链接的内容”、“拉取这个链接的评论”时,必须使用此技能。
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| name | database-fundamentals |
| description | Auto-invoke when reviewing schema design, database queries, ORM usage, or migrations. Enforces normalization, indexing awareness, query optimization, and migration safety. |
"Your database is the foundation. Build it wrong, and everything above it will crack."
Activate this skill when reviewing:
SELECT *?❌ // 1 query for users + N queries for posts
const users = await User.findAll();
for (const user of users) {
user.posts = await Post.findAll({ where: { userId: user.id } });
}
✅ // 1 query with JOIN
const users = await User.findAll({
include: [{ model: Post }]
});
// Or 2 queries with IN clause
const users = await User.findAll();
const userIds = users.map(u => u.id);
const posts = await Post.findAll({ where: { userId: userIds } });
❌ // Queried frequently, but no index
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id = ?
SELECT * FROM products WHERE category = ? AND status = 'active'
✅ CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_id ON orders(user_id);
CREATE INDEX idx_products_category_status ON products(category, status);
❌ SELECT * FROM users; // Returns 50 columns
✅ SELECT id, name, email FROM users; // Only what's needed
❌ db.query(`SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = '${email}'`);
✅ db.query('SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?', [email]);
❌ -- Can't be rolled back
DROP TABLE users;
ALTER TABLE orders DROP COLUMN status;
✅ -- Add new, migrate data, then drop old (in separate migrations)
-- Migration 1: Add new column
ALTER TABLE orders ADD COLUMN status_new VARCHAR(20);
-- Migration 2: Copy data
UPDATE orders SET status_new = status;
-- Migration 3: Drop old (after verification)
ALTER TABLE orders DROP COLUMN status;
Ask the junior these questions instead of giving answers:
| Form | Rule | Example Issue |
|---|---|---|
| 1NF | No repeating groups | tags: "js,react,node" should be separate table |
| 2NF | No partial dependencies | Order item price duplicated from products |
| 3NF | No transitive dependencies | Storing city AND zip code (zip determines city) |
-- Single column (most common)
CREATE INDEX idx_users_email ON users(email);
-- Composite (for multi-column queries)
-- Order matters! Most selective first
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_date ON orders(user_id, created_at);
-- Partial (for filtered queries)
CREATE INDEX idx_active_users ON users(email) WHERE active = true;
-- Unique (enforces constraint)
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_users_email_unique ON users(email);
| Flag | Question to Ask |
|---|---|
| Query in a loop | "Can we fetch all this data in one query?" |
| No pagination | "What if there are 1 million records?" |
| SELECT * | "Do we need all 50 columns?" |
| String in query | "Is this protected against SQL injection?" |
| No indexes on foreign keys | "How fast are JOINs on this table?" |
| DROP TABLE in migration | "How do we roll this back?" |
| TEXT for everything | "Should this be an INT or DATE instead?" |
| No foreign key constraints | "What prevents orphaned records?" |
// Eager loading (avoid N+1)
const users = await User.findAll({
include: [{ model: Post, attributes: ['id', 'title'] }]
});
// Select specific fields
const users = await User.findAll({
attributes: ['id', 'name', 'email']
});
// Pagination
const users = await User.findAll({
limit: 20,
offset: (page - 1) * 20
});
// Raw queries for complex operations
const results = await sequelize.query(
'SELECT ... complex query ...',
{ type: QueryTypes.SELECT }
);