sap-basis

name	sap-basis
description	This skill handles SAP BASIS administration including transport management, system performance analysis, user authorization, client administration, background job management, and system monitoring. Use when user mentions BASIS, STMS, transport, transport request, SM50, SM66, ST05, ST12, SM21, authorization, PFCG, SU53, SU01, client, SCC4, background job, SM36, SM37, kernel, system log, CCMS, alert, work process, short dump, system copy, landscape refresh, SCC1, SPAM, SAINT.
allowed-tools	Read, Grep

1. Transport Management (STMS)

Landscape Configuration

Standard 3-system landscape: DEV → QAS → PRD

• Each system has a system ID (SID) and client(s)
• Transport routes: consolidation route (DEV→QAS) + delivery route (QAS→PRD)

Transport Request Types

Type	Description	Client-specific?
Workbench	Repository objects (programs, tables, classes)	No — system-wide
Customizing	Client-specific IMG settings	Yes — per client
Transport of Copies	Copy objects without releasing original	No

Transport Workflow

SE09 / SE10 (create / display request in DEV)
  → Release task → Release request
    → STMS (QAS): import queue → import
      → STMS (PRD): import queue → import (after QAS sign-off)

Common Transport Errors

Return Code	Meaning	Fix
RC=0	Success	—
RC=4	Warnings	Review log — usually OK
RC=8	Errors	Check transport log → fix object issue
RC=12	Syntax error	SE38 in target system → check syntax
RC=16	Fatal error	Check STMS log → object conflicts

Object locked by another request → SM12 → check table TRDIR or object name → identify locking request → coordinate with owner

Import conflict (object already modified differently in target) → SPDD (dictionary objects) / SPAU (other objects) → manual adjustment required

---

2. Performance Analysis Toolkit

T-code	Purpose	Key Action
SM50	Work process overview (current instance)	Identify long-running / waiting processes
SM66	Global work process overview (all instances)	System-wide bottleneck detection
ST05	SQL trace activation + display	Find slow queries / missing indexes
SM12	Lock entries	Find blocking locks by user / object
ST22	Short dump analysis	Root cause of ABAP runtime errors
STAD	Workload monitor statistics	Response time analysis by user / report
SM21	System log	Error / warning messages with timestamp
AL08	Users logged on	Current sessions with work process assignment
RZ20	CCMS alert monitor	Threshold-based system alerts

ST05 SQL Trace Workflow

1. SM50 → identify slow work process / user
2. ST05 → Activate trace (for specific user if possible)
3. Reproduce the slow operation
4. ST05 → Deactivate trace → Display trace
5. Sort by duration → identify table + statement
6. SE11 → check table → Indexes tab → verify appropriate index exists
7. If index missing → create index (test in DEV first) → transport to PRD

---

3. Authorization Administration

Troubleshooting Access Issues

Step 1 — Capture the error

• User runs T-code → gets authorization error
• User runs SU53 immediately → displays last failed authorization check
• Note: auth object name + field values that were checked

Step 2 — Find the role

• PFCG → search for role that should grant this access
• Or: SU01 → user → Roles tab → check assigned roles

Step 3 — Fix the role

• PFCG → role → Authorization tab → Change authorization data
• Add missing auth object or expand field values
• Generate authorization profile (Generate button)

Step 4 — Assign and test

• SU01 → user → Roles tab → assign role (or it inherits from composite role)
• User logs off and on again → test

Authorization T-codes

T-code	Purpose
SU53	Display last failed auth check for own user
PFCG	Role maintenance (single / composite)
SU01	User maintenance
SU10	Mass user maintenance (lock / unlock / roles)
SU24	Auth object proposals per T-code
ST01	Authorization trace (use sparingly — performance impact)
SUIM	User information system (reports)

Role Types

Type	Description
Single role	T-codes + authorization object values → generates one profile
Composite role	Combines multiple single roles → no direct auth objects
Derived role	Inherits from master role, only org values differ (used for org-level restrictions)

---

4. System Monitoring

SM21 — System Log

Filter options: message type (E=error / W=warning / A=abort / I=info), time range, user Key patterns to watch:

• Database errors: ORA- / HDB- prefixed messages → escalate to DB team
• Update errors: Work process type = Update → check SM13
• Memory warnings: insufficient paging space → check server memory

RZ20 — CCMS Alert Monitor

Standard monitoring trees:

• SAP CCMS Monitor Templates → SAP Systems → [SID]
• Configure thresholds: AL11 disk space / SM50 work processes / response times

SM13 — Update Records

Failed updates = data integrity risk

• SM13 → filter by status "Error"
• Review: function module + error message
• Options: Restart update / Delete update record (use carefully — data loss risk)

Critical Monitoring Checklist (Daily)

□ SM21: no red messages since last check
□ SM37: no cancelled background jobs (especially period-end jobs)
□ ST22: no new short dumps (or investigate any new ones)
□ SM13: no failed update records
□ AL11: disk space on transport directory / log directory
□ RZ20: no unacknowledged alerts

---

5. Client Administration

Client Settings (SCC4)

Setting	Values	Impact
Client role	Production / Test / Customizing / Training	Affects what changes are allowed
Change option	No changes allowed / Modifiable	Prevents accidental production changes
System modifiability	No modifications / Modifiable (SCC4 + SE06)	Controls ABAP object editing
CATT / eCATT	Allowed / Not allowed	Testing tool usage

Production client protection prevents:

• SE16N data edits in production tables
• SE80 direct ABAP development in production
• Table maintenance without transport

Client Copy T-codes

T-code	Purpose
SCCL	Local client copy (within same system)
SCC8	Client export (to transport file)
SCC7	Client import (from transport file)
SCC1	Transport of client-specific objects (single request)
SCC3	Client copy log

---

6. Background Job Management

Job Definition (SM36)

1. SM36 → Job name + job class (A/B/C)
2. Step: program name + variant (or external command)
3. Start condition: immediate / specific date-time / after event / periodic

Job Classes

Class	Priority	Use Case
A	High	Critical jobs (payroll, period close)
B	Normal	Standard scheduled jobs
C	Low	Reports, non-critical batch

SM37 — Job Monitor

Filter options: job name (wildcard *), user, status, date range

Status	Meaning	Action
Finished	Success	Review log if unexpected results
Cancelled	Error	SM37 → Job log → identify error
Active	Running	Monitor duration vs expected
Scheduled	Waiting for trigger	Check start condition
Released	Ready to start	Waiting for free work process

Common issues:

• Job cancelled: SM37 → Job log → ABAP dump or authorization error → fix and reschedule
• Job not starting: check server group assignment / no free background work processes (SM50)
• Overlapping jobs: long-running job blocks next scheduled run → increase frequency or optimize

---

7. S/4HANA BASIS Specifics

Topic	ECC / Classic	S/4HANA
DB monitoring	DB02 / BR*Tools	SAP HANA Cockpit
HANA backup	Not applicable	HANA Cockpit → Backup & Recovery
HANA alerts	Not applicable	HANA Cockpit → Monitoring → Alerts
ALM / monitoring	Solution Manager	Cloud ALM (for RISE)
Transport	STMS (same)	STMS same + CTS+ for BTP
Upgrade tool	SPAU/SPDD	SUM (Software Update Manager)
System copy / refresh	R3trans / SAP tools	HANA backup restore
Kernel update	SPAM	Same (SPAM)

For RISE (Private Cloud):

• Basis access is restricted — SAP manages OS / DB / kernel
• Transport management: still STMS, but system refresh requires SAP ticket
• Cloud ALM replaces Solution Manager for project management + monitoring