| name | drupal-config-mgmt |
| description | Drupal configuration management including config import/export, config splits (complete and partial), syncing config across environments, drush commands for config management, config:import, config:export, config-split commands |
Drupal Configuration Management
Comprehensive guide for Drupal configuration management including imports, exports, config splits, and environment syncing.
Problem: Avoid Accidental Config Imports
CRITICAL: Remote drush commands may default to --yes depending on your hosting setup. This means commands like config:import or cim can AUTO-CONFIRM and import configuration even when you only want to inspect differences.
Dangerous vs Safe Patterns
❌ DANGEROUS - May auto-import without confirmation:
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush cim --diff"
✅ SAFE - Shows diff without importing:
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush cim --no --diff"
✅ SAFEST - Read-only commands:
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:get config.name"
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:status"
Table of Contents
- Preferred Prod Config Merge Workflow
- Configuration Import & Export Basics
- Config Splits Overview
- Complete vs Partial Splits
- Config Split Commands
- Safe Inspection Workflow
- Syncing Config from Upstream Environments
Preferred Prod Config Merge Workflow
Purpose: Safely merge production config changes while preserving local feature work.
The Process
Step 1: Commit local changes first
git add config/default/your-new-field.yml docroot/modules/custom/your_module/your_module.module
git commit -m "feat: add new feature"
Step 2: Pull production database
ddev pull --environment=live
Step 3: Export config from prod DB
ddev drush config:export -y
Step 4: Review git diff on config directory
git diff --stat config/
git status --short config/
Step 5: Identify files to revert vs keep
Look for these patterns:
- D (Deleted) - Your new feature files deleted by prod export → REVERT
- M (Modified) - UUID changes from prod → KEEP
- M (Modified) - Actual prod config changes → KEEP
- M (Modified) - Local changes overwritten → REVERT (case by case)
Step 6: Restore your local feature files
git checkout HEAD -- config/default/field.storage.node.your_new_field.yml
git checkout HEAD -- config/default/field.field.node.bundle.your_new_field.yml
git checkout HEAD -- config/default/some.config.yml
Step 7: Verify and commit prod config
git status --short config/
git diff config/
git add config/
git commit -m "chore: sync config from production"
Quick Reference Table
| git status | Meaning | Action |
|---|
D config/default/field.*.your_feature.yml | Your new feature deleted | git checkout HEAD -- <file> |
M config/default/*.yml (UUID only) | Prod UUID sync | Keep (stage for commit) |
M config/default/views.view.*.yml | View changed in prod | Keep (review first) |
M config/default/system.*.yml | System config from prod | Keep (review first) |
Example Session
$ git status --short config/
M config/default/core.entity_view_display.node.article.teaser.yml
M config/default/field.storage.node.field_featured_image.yml
D config/default/field.field.node.article.field_summary.yml
D config/default/field.storage.node.field_summary.yml
M config/default/views.view.content.yml
$ git checkout HEAD -- config/default/field.field.node.article.field_summary.yml \
config/default/field.storage.node.field_summary.yml
$ git status --short config/
M config/default/core.entity_view_display.node.article.teaser.yml
M config/default/field.storage.node.field_featured_image.yml
M config/default/views.view.content.yml
$ git add config/ && git commit -m "chore: sync config from production"
Configuration Import & Export Basics
Exporting Configuration
Export ALL configuration (from active config to YAML files):
ddev drush config:export
ddev drush cex
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:export"
Export a SINGLE config object:
ddev drush config:get config.name --format=yaml > config/default/config.name.yml
ddev drush config:get views.view.content --format=yaml > config/default/views.view.content.yml
Importing Configuration
Import ALL configuration (from YAML files to active config):
ddev drush config:import
ddev drush cim
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:import --no"
Import a SINGLE config object:
ddev drush config:delete config.name
ddev drush config:import --partial --source=config/default
ddev drush config:set config.name key.subkey value
Best Practice: Always preview changes first:
ddev drush config:import --no --diff
ddev drush cim --no --diff
Config Splits Overview
Config splits allow you to have environment-specific configuration that doesn't get deployed to all environments.
Common Use Cases
- Local development: Enable devel, kint, stage_file_proxy
- Staging/Test: Enable similar modules but different API keys
- Production: Disable development modules, enable caching
How Splits Work
- Base config (
config/default/) - Shared across all environments
- Split config (
config/{split-name}/) - Environment-specific overrides
- Split definition (
config/default/config_split.config_split.{name}.yml) - Defines which config goes in split
When a split is active, its config takes precedence over base config.
Split Activation
Splits are activated based on conditions in their config:
- Status:
status: true in split config
- Environment variable: Can use conditions based on env vars
- Manual activation: Via admin UI or drush
Complete vs Partial Splits
CRITICAL: Understanding the difference between Complete and Partial splits is essential.
Complete Splits (Recommended for most cases)
How it works:
- Config in the split is ONLY active when split is enabled
- When split is disabled, config is completely removed from active config
- Think: "This config exists ONLY in this environment"
Use cases:
- Development modules (devel, kint, webprofiler)
- Environment-specific modules (stage_file_proxy for local)
- Testing modules (simpletest, phpunit)
Example: Local split with devel module
status: true
module:
devel: 0
kint: 0
complete_list:
- 'core.extension'
When split is active: devel and kint are enabled
When split is inactive: devel and kint are completely removed
Reference: See admin form at /admin/config/development/configuration/config-split/{split-name}:
"Complete Split: Remove the selected configuration entirely when the split is inactive. When this split is inactive, the configuration listed here will be removed from the system completely."
Partial Splits (Conditional Overrides)
How it works:
- Base config exists in
config/default/
- Split contains overrides in
config/{split-name}/
- When split is active, overrides are merged with base config
- When split is inactive, base config is used
- Think: "This config exists everywhere, but with different values per environment"
Use cases:
- API keys that differ per environment
- Email settings (different SMTP per environment)
- Cache settings (aggressive in prod, disabled in local)
- Search server URLs (local Solr vs remote search server)
Example: Different search servers per environment
Base config (config/default/search_api.server.main.yml):
backend_config:
connector: solr_cloud
Local override (config/local/config_split.patch.search_api.server.main.yml):
backend_config:
connector: solr
connector_config:
host: solr
When local split is active: Uses local Solr
When local split is inactive: Uses production search server
Reference: See admin form at /admin/config/development/configuration/config-split/{split-name}:
"Partial Split (Conditional Override): Keep the selected configuration, but override it when the split is active. The configuration will exist in the sync directory, but the version from this split will be used instead when the split is active."
Choosing Complete vs Partial
Use Complete when:
- ✅ Config should NOT exist in other environments (modules, views, blocks)
- ✅ It's an on/off decision (enable/disable)
- ✅ Different environments need different features
Use Partial when:
- ✅ Config exists everywhere but with different VALUES
- ✅ Same feature, different settings (API URLs, credentials)
- ✅ You need the base config to be importable without the split active
Config Split Commands
CRITICAL: Active vs Exported Configuration
⚠️ IMPORTANT: When updating config split definitions, changes must be in ACTIVE configuration (database), not just exported files!
Workflow:
- Edit
config/default/config_split.config_split.{name}.yml
- Import to make active:
ddev drush config:import --partial OR use PHP (see below)
- Export:
ddev drush cex
Quick method - Set active config via PHP:
ddev drush php:eval "\$config = \Drupal::configFactory()->getEditable('config_split.config_split.local'); \$config->set('partial_list', ['config.name']); \$config->save();"
See examples.md for detailed workflow.
Export Config with Splits
Export ALL config including active splits:
ddev drush config:export
This exports:
- Base config to
config/default/
- Active split config to
config/{split-name}/
Export a specific split:
ddev drush config-split:export {split-name}
ddev drush csex {split-name}
Import Config with Splits
Import ALL config including active splits:
ddev drush config:import
ddev drush cim
This imports:
- Base config from
config/default/
- Active split config from
config/{split-name}/
Import a specific split:
ddev drush config-split:import {split-name}
ddev drush csim {split-name}
Import only base config (ignore splits):
ddev drush config:import --skip-modules=config_split
Activate/Deactivate Splits
Activate a split:
ddev drush config-split:activate {split-name}
Deactivate a split:
ddev drush config-split:deactivate {split-name}
Check Split Status
List all splits and their status:
ddev drush config-split:status
ddev drush css
Example output:
Split Active Configuration directory
local Yes ../config/local
dev No ../config/dev
test No ../config/test
Safe Inspection Workflow
Use config:get and config:status for read-only inspection, or use --no flag with cim/cex to prevent auto-confirmation.
Get Config Values
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:get config.name"
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:get config.name --format=yaml"
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:get config.name 2>&1 | grep 'setting_name'"
Compare Local vs Remote
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush cim --no --diff"
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:get config.name --format=yaml" > /tmp/remote.yml
diff -u config/default/config.name.yml /tmp/remote.yml
CRITICAL: Always use --no flag with remote drush! Without it, commands may auto-confirm.
Apply Changes
Preferred: Edit config files directly, then commit:
git diff config/default/config.name.yml
git add config/default/config.name.yml
git commit -m "Update config from {env}"
Syncing Config from Upstream Environments
Quick Methods
Single config object:
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:get config.name --format=yaml" > config/default/config.name.yml
git add config/default/config.name.yml && git commit -m "Update from {env}"
ddev drush config:import --partial
Full config sync via rsync/scp:
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush cex"
rsync -avz user@remote.server:/path/to/drupal/config/default/ /tmp/remote/
diff -r config/default /tmp/remote
cp /tmp/remote/*.yml config/default/
git add config/default/ && git commit -m "Sync from {env}"
ddev drush cim
Via database pull (DDEV):
ddev pull --environment={env}
ddev drush cex
git diff config/ && git add config/ && git commit -m "Config from {env}"
See examples.md for detailed workflows.
Best practices: Review diffs, commit separately, test locally, document source, avoid syncing environment-specific config.
Deep Dive References
For comprehensive technical documentation, see:
- config-split-deep-dive.md - Complete technical reference on Config Split 2.0, patch files, export/import process, and dependency handling
- examples.md - Practical examples and workflows
Config Status Check
Check what config would be imported (read-only):
ddev drush config:status
ssh user@remote.server "cd /path/to/drupal && drush config:status"
Best Practices
- Always inspect before importing - Use
config:get and --no --diff flags
- Manual edits preferred - Edit config files directly for precision
- One config type per commit - Separate concerns for clean history
- Clear commit messages - Reference source environment
- Clean up temp files - Remove temporary YAML files
- Verify before committing - Always review
git diff output
- Test locally first - Import and test before deploying
- Use config splits - Keep environment-specific config separate
Troubleshooting
Config files deleted from working directory
If files are marked as deleted in git status:
git checkout HEAD -- config/default/*.yml
This can happen if a drush command runs unexpectedly.
Split not activating
Check split status:
ddev drush config-split:status
Manually activate:
ddev drush config-split:activate {split-name}
ddev drush cex
Config deleted from config/default on export
COMMON ISSUE: Config (like search_api.server.main) gets removed from config/default/ when you run drush cex.
Root cause (99% of cases): Config is in complete_list instead of partial_list!
Complete split = Config is REMOVED from config/default/ and moved to split directory entirely
Partial split = Config STAYS in config/default/, only differences are patched
Diagnosis:
grep -A10 "complete_list:" config/default/config_split.config_split.local.yml
grep -A10 "partial_list:" config/default/config_split.config_split.local.yml
Solution: Move from complete_list to partial_list
ddev drush cex
See config-split-deep-dive.md for complete technical explanation.
Config won't import
Common issues:
- Dependencies missing: Install required modules first
- UUID mismatch: Use
--partial flag
- Locked config: Some config (like system.site) has immutable values
ddev drush config:import --skip-config=system.site
Related Commands
Read-only: config:get, config:status
Exports: config:export (alias: cex)
Imports: config:import (alias: cim) - Use with --no --diff to preview
Splits: config-split:status, csex, csim, config-split:activate