speculate

name	speculate
description	AI-powered task graph generator for complex software development goals. Creates optimal dependency graphs showing what to build, in what order, with parallelization opportunities. Use when user mentions planning features, breaking down work, understanding implementation steps, task dependencies, or says 'how do I build', 'help me plan', 'what tasks', or 'break this down'.
allowed-tools	Bash

Speculate - Task Graph Planning

Transform complex software goals into executable task graphs with atomic decomposition, dependency tracking, and visual Mermaid diagrams.

Shell Tooling

IMPORTANT: Use ONLY fast, efficient shell commands for codebase exploration:

Find FILES: fd (NOT find)

• fd "*.tsx" src/ - Find files by pattern
• fd -e ts -e tsx - By extension
• fd Component - By name part

Find TEXT: rg (NOT grep)

• rg "pattern" src/ - Search in files
• rg -l "pattern" - List matching files only
• rg -c "pattern" - Count matches per file
• rg --type rust "impl" - Search by language type

Find CODE: ast-grep

• ast-grep --pattern 'function $NAME() { $$$ }' - Match code structure

Process JSON: jq

• jq '.dependencies' package.json - Extract fields
• jq 'keys' file.json - List keys
• jq -r '.scripts | keys[]' package.json - Array values

Process YAML/TOML: yq

• yq '.scripts' file.yaml - Parse YAML
• yq -p toml '.dependencies' Cargo.toml - Parse TOML

Count/Stats:

• wc -l file.txt - Count lines
• tokei - Code statistics by language
• cloc . - Lines of code breakdown

Directory tree: tree

• tree -L 2 -d - Show directory structure (2 levels)
• tree -I 'node_modules|dist' - Exclude patterns

Git: For repo information

• git log --oneline -10 - Recent commits
• git ls-files - Tracked files
• git diff --name-only - Changed files

Use speculate commands for all task graph operations (add, update, delete, start, complete, available, after, show, validate).

When to Activate

Activate when user:

• Requests planning or task breakdown ("how do I build X?", "help me plan")
• Mentions complex features (authentication, payments, integrations, refactoring)
• Asks about task dependencies or work ordering ("what should I do first?")
• Seems unclear about implementation steps
• Says: "break this down", "what tasks are needed"

Don't activate for:

• Simple one-step tasks ("fix typo", "update config")
• User explicitly says "just do it" without planning
• Debugging or investigating existing code
• Tasks clearly <1 hour of work

Core Workflow

1. Detect Complexity and Gather Context

Simple (< 1 hour): Skip graph, execute directly

Medium (2-8 hours, 3-5 tasks): Brief plan, quick approval, proceed

Complex (> 8 hours, 6+ tasks): Ask clarifying questions before generating graph

Questions to ask for complex work:

• Technology choices (JWT vs sessions, Stripe vs PayPal)
• Scope boundaries (MVP vs full-featured)
• Breaking changes (affects migration strategy)
• Existing code to leverage or replace

Explore codebase first:

• rg "authentication|auth" - Search for related code
• fd "auth" - Find related files
• jq '.dependencies' package.json - Check dependencies

Understanding existing code informs task breakdown (extend vs build from scratch).

2. Generate Task Graph

Break down the goal into atomic tasks following these principles:

Atomic Task Rules:

• 1-4 hours each: Single focused session
• Verb-first naming: design-api-schema, implement-login, test-webhooks
• Kebab-case: Lowercase with hyphens, max 4 words
• Single action: No "and" in task names
• Clear done state: Unambiguous acceptance criteria

Task Relationship Types:

• blocks: Hard dependency (A must complete before B starts)
• relates_to: Thematic connection (no dependency, can parallelize)
• part_of: Grouping (A is part of epic B)

Create tasks using speculate commands:

speculate add '{
  "tasks": [
    {
      "id": "design-auth-flow",
      "description": "Design authentication flow and data models",
      "estimate_hours": 2,
      "acceptance_criteria": [
        "Flow diagram created",
        "Data models defined",
        "Edge cases documented"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "implement-login",
      "description": "Implement login endpoint with JWT",
      "estimate_hours": 3,
      "acceptance_criteria": [
        "POST /login endpoint functional",
        "JWT tokens generated",
        "Password validation working"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "relationships": [
    {"from": "design-auth-flow", "to": "implement-login", "type": "blocks"}
  ]
}'

Naming Examples:

• ✓ design-api-schema, implement-crud, test-webhooks
• ✗ Design-API-Schema (uppercase), design api schema (spaces)
• ✗ implement-and-test-api (has "and" - split into two tasks)

See references/patterns.md for detailed decomposition patterns.

3. Present Graph to User

Show comprehensive plan with:

1. Goal statement
2. All tasks with estimates and acceptance criteria
3. Dependencies (what blocks what)
4. Ready tasks (can start immediately)
5. Total estimate

Use visual Mermaid diagram:

speculate available

Outputs color-coded diagram:

• Green: Ready tasks (no blockers)
• Gray: Blocked tasks (waiting on dependencies)
• Blue: In-progress tasks
• Light green: Completed tasks

Example presentation:

Goal: Add two-factor authentication

Task Graph (7 tasks, ~18 hours):

```mermaid
graph TD
  design_auth["design-auth-flow (2h) [○]"]
  create_schema["create-user-schema (2h) [○]"]
  implement_totp["implement-totp (4h) [○]"]
  update_login["update-login-flow (3h) [○]"]
  add_ui["add-2fa-settings (3h) [○]"]
  write_tests["write-auth-tests (3h) [○]"]
  security_audit["security-audit (1h) [○]"]

  design_auth --> create_schema
  create_schema --> implement_totp
  implement_totp --> update_login
  implement_totp --> add_ui
  update_login --> write_tests
  add_ui --> write_tests
  write_tests --> security_audit

  classDef ready fill:#98FB98,stroke:#2E7D32,stroke-width:3px
  class design_auth ready

  classDef blocked fill:#D3D3D3,stroke:#666,stroke-width:1px
  class create_schema,implement_totp,update_login,add_ui,write_tests,security_audit blocked
```

**Ready to start:**
- design-auth-flow (2h) - Unblocks everything

**Parallel opportunities:**
- After implement-totp completes: update-login-flow and add-2fa-settings can run in parallel

Ready to begin?

4. Guide Execution

Starting work:

Mark task as in-progress and mirror to TodoWrite:

speculate start design-auth-flow

Add to TodoWrite for active tracking:

- Design auth flow and data models

During work:

Reference acceptance criteria from graph. Guide implementation to meet each criterion.

Completing work:

Mark task complete:

speculate complete design-auth-flow

Show impact with after query:

speculate after design-auth-flow

Displays Mermaid diagram highlighting:

• Tasks that became unblocked (bright green)
• Downstream tasks still blocked (beige)

Celebrate progress and suggest next:

✓ design-auth-flow complete!

This unblocked:
  - create-user-schema (2h)

Suggested next: create-user-schema
Start now?

Tracking progress:

Show current state:

speculate show design-auth-flow

View all pending tasks:

speculate available

5. Handle Changes

When scope changes, update the graph:

Adding tasks:

speculate add '{
  "tasks": [{"id": "add-backup-codes", "estimate_hours": 2}],
  "relationships": [
    {"from": "implement-totp", "to": "add-backup-codes", "type": "blocks"}
  ]
}'

Updating tasks:

speculate update '{
  "tasks": [{"id": "implement-totp", "estimate_hours": 5}]
}'

Removing tasks:

speculate delete '{
  "tasks": ["add-backup-codes"]
}'

Inform user of changes and new total estimate.

Command Reference

Write Commands (modify graph, auto-save):

# Add tasks and relationships
speculate add '<json>'

# Update task properties
speculate update '<json>'

# Delete tasks and relationships
speculate delete '<json>'

# Quick status changes
speculate start <task-id>
speculate complete <task-id>

# Validate graph health
speculate validate

Query Commands (read-only):

# Show pending tasks (Mermaid diagram)
speculate available

# Show downstream impact (Mermaid diagram)
speculate after <task-id>

# Show task details (text)
speculate show <task-id>

See references/protocol.md for complete JSON schemas and examples.

Common Decomposition Patterns

Feature Addition (Authentication, Payments):

• Design → Data models → Core implementation → UI → Integration → Testing → Security

Refactoring:

• Audit/analyze → Design approach → Extract/restructure → Update tests → Cleanup

API Development:

• Requirements → Data models → Endpoints (parallel) → Middleware → Docs → Tests

Integration (3rd party services):

• Research → Setup/config → Core integration → Error handling → Testing

Performance Optimization:

• Profile/measure → Optimize (parallel opportunities) → Verify improvements

See references/patterns.md for detailed examples with JSON.

Estimation Guidelines

1 hour: Small, well-defined

• Add simple function
• Write specific test suite
• Update configuration
• Fix known bug

2 hours: Typical implementation

• Implement feature with tests
• Refactor module
• Design schema/API
• Research approach

3-4 hours: Complex but bounded

• Multi-step feature
• External integration
• Significant refactoring
• Comprehensive testing

> 4 hours: Too large, decompose further

• Split into design + implementation
• Separate by layers (frontend/backend)
• Break into sub-features

Validation

Validate graph health before execution:

speculate validate

Checks for:

• Cycles: Circular dependencies (A blocks B blocks A)
• Orphans: Tasks with no relationships (may be intentional)
• Invalid naming: Tasks violating kebab-case or 4-word rules
• Broken relationships: Edges referencing non-existent tasks

Fix issues before proceeding.

Integration with TodoWrite

Mirror active task to TodoWrite for visibility:

When starting:

speculate start implement-login

Then add to todos:

TodoWrite: Implement login endpoint with JWT

When completing:

speculate complete implement-login

Mark todo complete. This provides dual tracking: speculate for overall plan, TodoWrite for active work.

Progressive Refinement

Start with high-level breakdown, refine as understanding grows:

Initial:

{"tasks": [{"id": "add-authentication", "estimate_hours": 16}]}

After investigation:

{"tasks": [
  {"id": "design-auth-flow", "estimate_hours": 2},
  {"id": "implement-jwt", "estimate_hours": 4},
  {"id": "add-login-ui", "estimate_hours": 3},
  {"id": "write-auth-tests", "estimate_hours": 3}
]}

Delete rough task, add refined tasks. Graph evolves with understanding.

What This Skill Provides

1. Structured planning before implementation (reduces rework)
2. Visual clarity via Mermaid diagrams (see relationships instantly)
3. Dependency tracking (know what blocks what)
4. Atomic decomposition (1-4 hour chunks, clear done states)
5. Progress visibility (know what's done, what's next)
6. Impact analysis (see what unblocks when tasks complete)

Responsibilities

Activate skill when: User needs planning for complex multi-step work

Ask questions for: Complex features with multiple valid approaches

Generate graph with: Atomic tasks, clear dependencies, realistic estimates

Present clearly: Mermaid diagram + ready tasks + total estimate

Guide execution: Mark start/complete, suggest next, celebrate progress

Adapt to changes: Update graph when scope shifts

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Remember: Plan the work, work the plan. Atomic tasks with clear dependencies create executable roadmaps.