dto-mappers

name	dto-mappers
description	DTO and mapper patterns for Xeres using Java records, canonical constructors with validation, and static mapper utility classes.

DTO and Mapper Patterns for Xeres

DTOs as Records (Java 21+)

Use Java records for immutable DTOs:

public record ProfileDTO(
		long id,
		@NotNull @Size String name,
		String pgpIdentifier,
		Instant created,
		byte[] pgpFingerprint,
		byte[] pgpPublicKeyData,
		boolean accepted,
		Trust trust,
		@JsonInclude(NON_EMPTY) List<LocationDTO> locations
)
{
	public ProfileDTO
	{
		if (locations == null) locations = new ArrayList<>();
	}
}

Canonical Constructor with Validation

public record ProfileDTO(...)
{
	public ProfileDTO
	{
		Objects.requireNonNull(name, "Name must not be null");
		if (locations == null)
		{
			locations = new ArrayList<>();
		}
		locations = List.copyOf(locations);  // Make immutable
	}
}

Mapper Pattern

Static utility class with mapping methods:

public final class ProfileMapper
{
	private ProfileMapper()
	{
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Utility class");
	}

	public static ProfileDTO toDTO(Profile profile)
	{
		if (profile == null)
		{
			return null;
		}
		return new ProfileDTO(
				profile.getId(),
				profile.getName(),
				// ... other fields
		);
	}

	public static Profile toEntity(ProfileDTO dto)
	{
		if (dto == null)
		{
			return null;
		}
		var profile = new Profile();
		profile.setId(dto.id());
		profile.setName(dto.name());
		// ... other fields
		return profile;
	}
}

Usage

// Entity to DTO
ProfileDTO dto = ProfileMapper.toDTO(profile);

// DTO to Entity
Profile profile = ProfileMapper.toEntity(dto);

// List mapping
List<ProfileDTO> dtos = profiles.stream()
		.map(ProfileMapper::toDTO)
		.toList();

JsonInclude for Optional Fields

@JsonInclude(NON_EMPTY)  // Don't serialize null or empty collections
List<LocationDTO> locations

Validation Annotations

Use Bean Validation on DTO fields:

@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 255)
String name
@Email
String email
@Min(0)
@Max(100)
int percentage

Collection Handling

Always handle null collections in constructor:

public ProfileDTO
{
	if (locations == null)
	{
		locations = new ArrayList<>();
	}
}