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diesel-orm

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分支9

更新时间2026年3月8日 06:14

Type-safe Rust ORM with compile-time query validation.

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Diesel ORM Standards

Schema Definition

// Generated by diesel migration run
// src/schema.rs
diesel::table! {
    users (id) {
        id -> Int4,
        name -> Varchar,
        email -> Varchar,
        created_at -> Timestamp,
    }
}

Model Structs

use diesel::prelude::*;
use crate::schema::users;

#[derive(Queryable, Selectable, Debug)]
#[diesel(table_name = users)]
pub struct User {
    pub id: i32,
    pub name: String,
    pub email: String,
    pub created_at: NaiveDateTime,
}

#[derive(Insertable)]
#[diesel(table_name = users)]
pub struct NewUser<'a> {
    pub name: &'a str,
    pub email: &'a str,
}

#[derive(AsChangeset)]
#[diesel(table_name = users)]
pub struct UpdateUser<'a> {
    pub name: Option<&'a str>,
    pub email: Option<&'a str>,
}

Connection Pool

use diesel::pg::PgConnection;
use diesel::r2d2::{Pool, ConnectionManager};

type DbPool = Pool<ConnectionManager<PgConnection>>;

fn establish_pool(database_url: &str) -> DbPool {
    let manager = ConnectionManager::<PgConnection>::new(database_url);
    Pool::builder()
        .max_size(15)
        .build(manager)
        .expect("Failed to create pool")
}

CRUD Operations

use diesel::prelude::*;
use crate::schema::users::dsl::*;

// Create
fn create_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, new_user: &NewUser) -> QueryResult<User> {
    diesel::insert_into(users)
        .values(new_user)
        .get_result(conn)
}

// Read
fn find_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<User> {
    users.find(user_id).first(conn)
}

fn list_users(conn: &mut PgConnection) -> QueryResult<Vec<User>> {
    users.load(conn)
}

// Update
fn update_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, user_id: i32, changes: &UpdateUser) -> QueryResult<User> {
    diesel::update(users.find(user_id))
        .set(changes)
        .get_result(conn)
}

// Delete
fn delete_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<usize> {
    diesel::delete(users.find(user_id)).execute(conn)
}

Query Building

// Filtering
let active_users = users
    .filter(active.eq(true))
    .filter(created_at.gt(cutoff_date))
    .load::<User>(conn)?;

// Ordering and pagination
let page = users
    .order(created_at.desc())
    .limit(10)
    .offset(20)
    .load::<User>(conn)?;

// Select specific columns
let emails: Vec<String> = users
    .select(email)
    .load(conn)?;

// Joins
let user_posts = users
    .inner_join(posts::table)
    .select((users::name, posts::title))
    .load::<(String, String)>(conn)?;

Transactions

conn.transaction(|conn| {
    diesel::insert_into(users)
        .values(&new_user)
        .execute(conn)?;

    diesel::insert_into(audit_log)
        .values(&log_entry)
        .execute(conn)?;

    Ok(())
})

Migrations

# Create migration
diesel migration generate create_users

# Run pending migrations
diesel migration run

# Revert last migration
diesel migration revert

# Redo last migration
diesel migration redo

Best Practices

Schema sync: Run diesel migration run before compile
Pool sizing: Match to expected concurrent connections
Derive macros: Use Queryable for reads, Insertable for writes
Nullable: Use Option<T> for nullable columns
Raw SQL: Use sql_query() for complex queries when needed

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Diesel ORM Standards

Schema Definition

// Generated by diesel migration run // src/schema.rs diesel::table! { users (id) { id -> Int4, name -> Varchar, email -> Varchar, created_at -> Timestamp, } }

Model Structs

use diesel::prelude::*; use crate::schema::users; #[derive(Queryable, Selectable, Debug)] #[diesel(table_name = users)] pub struct User { pub id: i32, pub name: String, pub email: String, pub created_at: NaiveDateTime, } #[derive(Insertable)] #[diesel(table_name = users)] pub struct NewUser<'a> { pub name: &'a str, pub email: &'a str, } #[derive(AsChangeset)] #[diesel(table_name = users)] pub struct UpdateUser<'a> { pub name: Option<&'a str>, pub email: Option<&'a str>, }

Connection Pool

use diesel::pg::PgConnection; use diesel::r2d2::{Pool, ConnectionManager}; type DbPool = Pool<ConnectionManager<PgConnection>>; fn establish_pool(database_url: &str) -> DbPool { let manager = ConnectionManager::<PgConnection>::new(database_url); Pool::builder() .max_size(15) .build(manager) .expect("Failed to create pool") }

CRUD Operations

use diesel::prelude::*; use crate::schema::users::dsl::*; // Create fn create_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, new_user: &NewUser) -> QueryResult<User> { diesel::insert_into(users) .values(new_user) .get_result(conn) } // Read fn find_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<User> { users.find(user_id).first(conn) } fn list_users(conn: &mut PgConnection) -> QueryResult<Vec<User>> { users.load(conn) } // Update fn update_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, user_id: i32, changes: &UpdateUser) -> QueryResult<User> { diesel::update(users.find(user_id)) .set(changes) .get_result(conn) } // Delete fn delete_user(conn: &mut PgConnection, user_id: i32) -> QueryResult<usize> { diesel::delete(users.find(user_id)).execute(conn) }

Query Building

// Filtering let active_users = users .filter(active.eq(true)) .filter(created_at.gt(cutoff_date)) .load::<User>(conn)?; // Ordering and pagination let page = users .order(created_at.desc()) .limit(10) .offset(20) .load::<User>(conn)?; // Select specific columns let emails: Vec<String> = users .select(email) .load(conn)?; // Joins let user_posts = users .inner_join(posts::table) .select((users::name, posts::title)) .load::<(String, String)>(conn)?;

Transactions

conn.transaction(|conn| { diesel::insert_into(users) .values(&new_user) .execute(conn)?; diesel::insert_into(audit_log) .values(&log_entry) .execute(conn)?; Ok(()) })

Migrations

# Create migration diesel migration generate create_users # Run pending migrations diesel migration run # Revert last migration diesel migration revert # Redo last migration diesel migration redo

Best Practices

Schema sync: Run diesel migration run before compile

Pool sizing: Match to expected concurrent connections

Derive macros: Use Queryable for reads, Insertable for writes

Nullable: Use Option<T> for nullable columns

Raw SQL: Use sql_query() for complex queries when needed

name	Diesel ORM
description	Type-safe Rust ORM with compile-time query validation.
metadata	{"labels":["rust","diesel","orm","database","postgresql"],"triggers":{"files":["**/schema.rs","diesel.toml"],"keywords":["diesel","Queryable","Insertable","table"]}}