nginx

name	nginx
description	Nginx configuration, reverse proxy, and SSL
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Nginx

Nginx management: configuration, reverse proxy, SSL.

Setup

# Check if installed
command -v nginx

# Install — macOS
brew install nginx

# Install — Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install nginx

Basic Commands

# Test configuration (ALWAYS before reload)
sudo nginx -t

# Reload (applies config without downtime)
sudo systemctl reload nginx

# Restart
sudo systemctl restart nginx

# Status
systemctl status nginx

# Version and modules
nginx -V

Logs

# Access log
sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log
sudo tail -100 /var/log/nginx/access.log

# Error log
sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log

# Logs for a specific site (if configured)
sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/<site>-access.log

Site Configuration

# List sites
ls /etc/nginx/sites-available/
ls /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

# Enable site
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/<site> /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo nginx -t && sudo systemctl reload nginx

# Disable site
sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/<site>
sudo nginx -t && sudo systemctl reload nginx

Reverse Proxy (template)

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }
}

SSL with Certbot

# Install certbot
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx

# Get certificate (modifies nginx config automatically)
sudo certbot --nginx -d example.com

# Renew
sudo certbot renew --dry-run
sudo certbot renew

WebSocket Proxy

location /ws {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
}

Tips

• Always run nginx -t before reload/restart
• Use sites-available + symlink to sites-enabled
• For debug: error_log /var/log/nginx/debug.log debug;
• Rate limiting: limit_req_zone in the http section
• Gzip: enable in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf for performance