performing-post-quantum-cryptography-migration

Assesses organizational readiness for post-quantum cryptography migration per NIST FIPS 203/204/205 standards. Performs cryptographic inventory scanning to identify quantum-vulnerable algorithms (RSA, ECDH, ECDSA), evaluates hybrid TLS configurations with X25519MLKEM768, and validates CRYSTALS-Kyber (ML-KEM) and CRYSTALS-Dilithium (ML-DSA) readiness. Implements crypto-agility assessment using oqs-provider for OpenSSL. Use when planning or executing the transition from classical to post-quantum cryptographic algorithms across enterprise infrastructure.

仓库: mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills
最近来源活动: 2026年6月1日 10:13
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name	performing-post-quantum-cryptography-migration
description	Assesses organizational readiness for post-quantum cryptography migration per NIST FIPS 203/204/205 standards. Performs cryptographic inventory scanning to identify quantum-vulnerable algorithms (RSA, ECDH, ECDSA), evaluates hybrid TLS configurations with X25519MLKEM768, and validates CRYSTALS-Kyber (ML-KEM) and CRYSTALS-Dilithium (ML-DSA) readiness. Implements crypto-agility assessment using oqs-provider for OpenSSL. Use when planning or executing the transition from classical to post-quantum cryptographic algorithms across enterprise infrastructure.
domain	cybersecurity
subdomain	cryptography
tags	["post-quantum","PQC","CRYSTALS-Kyber","ML-KEM","ML-DSA","FIPS-203","FIPS-204","hybrid-TLS","crypto-agility"]
version	1.0
author	mukul975
license	Apache-2.0
nist_csf	["PR.DS-01","PR.DS-02","PR.DS-10"]
mitre_attack	["T1600","T1573","T1553","T1040"]

Performing Post-Quantum Cryptography Migration

When to Use

When assessing organizational readiness for the NIST post-quantum cryptography transition
When building a cryptographic inventory to identify quantum-vulnerable algorithms across infrastructure
When evaluating hybrid TLS 1.3 configurations using X25519MLKEM768 key exchange
When testing CRYSTALS-Kyber (ML-KEM) and CRYSTALS-Dilithium (ML-DSA) algorithm support
When implementing crypto-agility to support both classical and post-quantum algorithms
When preparing migration roadmaps aligned with NIST IR 8547 deprecation timelines
When configuring oqs-provider with OpenSSL 3.x for post-quantum algorithm support

Prerequisites

Python 3.8+ with cryptography, requests, pyOpenSSL libraries
OpenSSL 3.0+ (3.5+ recommended for native ML-KEM/ML-DSA support)
oqs-provider for OpenSSL (for hybrid TLS testing with older OpenSSL)
Network access to target servers for TLS assessment
Administrative access for infrastructure scanning
Familiarity with PKI, TLS, and cryptographic protocols

Core Concepts

NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standards

NIST published three finalized PQC standards on August 13, 2024:

Standard	Algorithm	Renamed To	Purpose	Based On
FIPS 203	CRYSTALS-Kyber	ML-KEM	Key Encapsulation Mechanism	Module lattice
FIPS 204	CRYSTALS-Dilithium	ML-DSA	Digital Signatures	Module lattice
FIPS 205	SPHINCS+	SLH-DSA	Digital Signatures (backup)	Stateless hash

ML-KEM (FIPS 203) -- Primary standard for key exchange and encryption. Replaces RSA and ECDH for key establishment. Three security levels: ML-KEM-512, ML-KEM-768, ML-KEM-1024.

ML-DSA (FIPS 204) -- Primary standard for digital signatures. Replaces RSA and ECDSA for signing. Three security levels: ML-DSA-44, ML-DSA-65, ML-DSA-87.

SLH-DSA (FIPS 205) -- Backup signature standard using hash-based approach. Intended as fallback if lattice-based ML-DSA is found vulnerable. Larger signatures but conservative security assumptions.

Quantum-Vulnerable Algorithms

Algorithm	Usage	Quantum Threat	Migration Priority
RSA-2048/4096	Key exchange, signatures, encryption	Shor's algorithm breaks factoring	Critical
ECDH (P-256, P-384)	TLS key exchange	Shor's algorithm breaks ECDLP	Critical
ECDSA	Code signing, TLS certificates	Shor's algorithm breaks ECDLP	Critical
DSA	Legacy signatures	Shor's algorithm breaks DLP	Critical
DH (Diffie-Hellman)	Key exchange	Shor's algorithm breaks DLP	Critical
AES-128	Symmetric encryption	Grover's halves key strength	Medium (upgrade to AES-256)
SHA-256	Hashing	Grover's reduces to 128-bit	Low (still adequate)

Hybrid Key Exchange: X25519MLKEM768
  = X25519 (classical ECDH) + ML-KEM-768 (post-quantum)

Client Hello:
  supported_groups: X25519MLKEM768, X25519, secp256r1
  key_share: X25519MLKEM768

Server Hello:
  selected_group: X25519MLKEM768
  key_share: X25519MLKEM768

Shared Secret = KDF(X25519_shared || MLKEM768_shared)

# Scan TLS endpoints for quantum-vulnerable algorithms
python scripts/agent.py --action scan_tls \
    --targets targets.txt \
    --output tls_inventory.json

# Assess crypto-agility readiness
python scripts/agent.py --action assess_agility \
    --scan-results tls_inventory.json \
    --output agility_report.json

# Test hybrid TLS support on target servers
python scripts/agent.py --action test_hybrid_tls \
    --target server.example.com:443 \
    --output hybrid_tls_report.json

# Test with native PQC support
openssl s_client -connect server.example.com:443 \
    -groups X25519MLKEM768

# Configure oqs-provider
# /etc/ssl/openssl-oqs.cnf
[openssl_init]
providers = provider_sect

[provider_sect]
default = default_sect
oqsprovider = oqsprovider_sect

[default_sect]
activate = 1

[oqsprovider_sect]
activate = 1
module = /usr/lib/oqs-provider/oqsprovider.so

# Test hybrid TLS
OPENSSL_CONF=/etc/ssl/openssl-oqs.cnf \
openssl s_client -connect server.example.com:443 \
    -groups x25519_mlkem768

SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/server.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/server.key
SSLOpenSSLConfCmd Curves X25519MLKEM768:X25519:prime256v1
SSLProtocol -all +TLSv1.2 +TLSv1.3

ssl_ecdh_curve X25519MLKEM768:X25519:prime256v1;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# Test ML-KEM key encapsulation at all security levels
python scripts/agent.py --action test_mlkem \
    --output mlkem_validation.json

Parameter	ML-KEM-512	ML-KEM-768	ML-KEM-1024
Security Level	NIST Level 1	NIST Level 3	NIST Level 5
Public Key Size	800 bytes	1,184 bytes	1,568 bytes
Ciphertext Size	768 bytes	1,088 bytes	1,568 bytes
Shared Secret	32 bytes	32 bytes	32 bytes
Comparable To	AES-128	AES-192	AES-256

# Test ML-DSA digital signatures
python scripts/agent.py --action test_mldsa \
    --output mldsa_validation.json

Parameter	ML-DSA-44	ML-DSA-65	ML-DSA-87
Security Level	NIST Level 2	NIST Level 3	NIST Level 5
Public Key Size	1,312 bytes	1,952 bytes	2,592 bytes
Signature Size	2,420 bytes	3,293 bytes	4,595 bytes
Secret Key Size	2,560 bytes	4,032 bytes	4,896 bytes

# Generate complete migration roadmap
python scripts/agent.py --action roadmap \
    --scan-results tls_inventory.json \
    --agility-results agility_report.json \
    --output migration_roadmap.json

# Step 1: Scan all TLS endpoints
python scripts/agent.py --action scan_tls --targets hosts.txt --output scan.json

# Step 2: Assess crypto-agility
python scripts/agent.py --action assess_agility --scan-results scan.json --output agility.json

# Step 3: Test hybrid TLS on critical servers
python scripts/agent.py --action test_hybrid_tls --target critical.example.com:443

# Step 4: Validate ML-KEM support
python scripts/agent.py --action test_mlkem --output mlkem.json

# Step 5: Validate ML-DSA support
python scripts/agent.py --action test_mldsa --output mldsa.json

# Step 6: Generate migration roadmap
python scripts/agent.py --action roadmap --scan-results scan.json --agility-results agility.json --output roadmap.json

# Single server PQC readiness check
python scripts/agent.py --action scan_tls --target server.example.com:443