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Integration testing with real dependencies in throwaway Docker containers using the Testcontainers Node.js API - GenericContainer, exposed ports, wait strategies, module containers, Docker Compose environments, and reliable cleanup.
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| name | Docker Testcontainers |
| description | Integration testing with real dependencies in throwaway Docker containers using the Testcontainers Node.js API - GenericContainer, exposed ports, wait strategies, module containers, Docker Compose environments, and reliable cleanup. |
| version | 1.0.0 |
| author | thetestingacademy |
| license | MIT |
| tags | ["testcontainers","docker","integration-testing","postgres","redis","containers","ci","node"] |
| testingTypes | ["integration","database"] |
| frameworks | ["jest","vitest"] |
| languages | ["typescript"] |
| domains | ["api","devops"] |
| agents | ["claude-code","cursor","github-copilot","windsurf","codex","aider","continue","cline","zed","bolt","gemini-cli","amp"] |
This skill makes an AI agent write integration tests that spin up real databases, caches, and message brokers in disposable Docker containers via the testcontainers Node.js library - instead of mocking them or depending on a shared dev server. Trigger it when tests need a real Postgres, Redis, Kafka, or any service with Docker image, when a repo already imports testcontainers, or when the user complains that mocked repositories keep hiding SQL and serialization bugs.
postgres:16-alpine, not latest).container.getMappedPort(5432) and container.getHost(); hardcoding localhost:5432 collides with local services and parallel CI jobs.Wait.forLogMessage, Wait.forListeningPorts, Wait.forHttp, or Wait.forHealthCheck so tests begin exactly when the dependency is usable.beforeAll, then reset state between tests with TRUNCATE, FLUSHALL, or transaction rollbacks - not by restarting the container.afterAll; Testcontainers' Ryuk sidecar reaps anything left behind if the process dies, so never disable it in CI.redis:latest changing under you turns a green suite red with zero code changes. Pin to a major-minor tag and upgrade deliberately.npm install --save-dev testcontainers @testcontainers/postgresql
# Requires a running Docker daemon (Docker Desktop, Colima, or CI's dockerd)
docker info
// tests/cache.integration.test.ts
import { , , } ;
{ createClient, } ;
(, {
: ;
: ;
( () => {
container = ()
.()
.(.())
.()
.();
client = ({
: ,
});
client.();
}, );
( () => {
client.();
});
( () => {
client.();
container.();
});
(, () => {
( i = ; i < ; i++) {
( (client, )).();
}
( (client, )).();
});
});
(): <> {
count = client.();
(count === ) client.(, );
count <= ;
}
// tests/orders.repository.integration.test.ts
import { PostgreSqlContainer, StartedPostgreSqlContainer } from '@testcontainers/postgresql';
import { Pool } from 'pg';
import { runMigrations } from '../src/db/migrate';
import { OrdersRepository } from '../src/db/orders-repository';
let pg: StartedPostgreSqlContainer;
let pool: Pool;
let repo: OrdersRepository;
beforeAll(async () => {
pg = await new PostgreSqlContainer('postgres:16-alpine')
.withDatabase('shop_test')
.withUsername('shop')
.withPassword('shop')
.start();
pool = new Pool({ connectionString: pg.getConnectionUri() });
await runMigrations(pool); // the SAME migrations production runs
repo = new OrdersRepository(pool);
}, 90_000);
beforeEach(async () => {
await pool.query('TRUNCATE orders RESTART IDENTITY CASCADE');
});
afterAll(async () => {
await pool.end();
await pg.stop();
});
it('persists JSONB line items and filters with the @> operator', async () => {
await repo.create({ customerId: 'c1', items: [{ sku: 'SKU-1', qty: 2 }] });
await repo.create({ customerId: 'c2', items: [{ sku: 'SKU-9', qty: 1 }] });
const matches = await repo.findByItemSku('SKU-1'); // uses items @> '[{"sku":"SKU-1"}]'
expect(matches).toHaveLength(1);
expect(matches[0].customerId).toBe('c1');
});
// tests/api.e2e.integration.test.ts
import { DockerComposeEnvironment, StartedDockerComposeEnvironment, Wait } from 'testcontainers';
let environment: StartedDockerComposeEnvironment;
let apiBaseUrl: string;
beforeAll(async () => {
environment = await new DockerComposeEnvironment('.', 'docker-compose.test.yml')
.withWaitStrategy('api-1', Wait.forHttp('/health', 3000).forStatusCode(200))
.withWaitStrategy('postgres-1', Wait.forListeningPorts())
.up(['api', 'postgres']);
const api = environment.getContainer('api-1');
apiBaseUrl = `http://${api.getHost()}:${api.getMappedPort(3000)}`;
}, 120_000);
afterAll(async () => {
await environment.down({ timeout: 10_000 });
});
it('serves orders through the full stack', async () => {
const created = await fetch(`${apiBaseUrl}/orders`, {
method: 'POST',
headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json' },
body: JSON.stringify({ sku: 'SKU-1', qty: 1 }),
});
expect(created.status).toBe(201);
const list = await fetch(`${apiBaseUrl}/orders`);
const orders = (await list.json()) as Array<{ sku: string }>;
expect(orders.map((o) => o.sku)).toContain('SKU-1');
});
// Opt-in reuse keeps the container alive between test runs locally.
// Requires testcontainers.reuse.enable=true in ~/.testcontainers.properties
const pg = await new PostgreSqlContainer('postgres:16-alpine')
.withDatabase('shop_test')
.withReuse()
.start();
// Hand the dynamic URL to the code under test the same way prod config does
process.env.DATABASE_URL = pg.getConnectionUri();
// Copying fixtures and running one-off commands inside a container
const container = await new GenericContainer('postgres:16-alpine')
.withEnvironment({ POSTGRES_PASSWORD: 'shop' })
.withCopyFilesToContainer([
{ source: './tests/fixtures/seed.sql', target: '/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/seed.sql' },
])
.withExposedPorts(5432)
.start();
const { exitCode, output } = await container.exec(['psql', '-U', 'postgres', '-c', 'SELECT 1']);
expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
expect(output).toContain('1 row');
beforeAll hooks that pull images (60-120 seconds); the first CI run downloads layers.@testcontainers/postgresql, @testcontainers/kafka, @testcontainers/elasticsearch) before reaching for GenericContainer; they encode correct wait strategies and credentials.docker pull postgres:16-alpine) in a cached step to cut suite time."test:integration": "vitest run --config vitest.integration.config.ts") so unit tests stay Docker-free and fast.DATABASE_URL, REDIS_URL); never add test-only config paths to the app.container.logs() streamed to the test reporter when diagnosing startup issues.await sleep(3000) after start() instead of a wait strategy - slow on good days, flaky on loaded CI runners.:latest tags or a different database engine than production.TESTCONTAINERS_RYUK_DISABLED=true) in CI to "fix" a permissions issue, then leaking containers until the runner dies; fix the Docker socket permissions instead.testcontainers or @testcontainers/*, or contains a docker-compose.test.yml.基于 SOC 职业分类
