documentation-guide

name	documentation-guide
scope	universal
description	Guide documentation structure, content requirements, and project documentation best practices. Use when: creating README, documentation, docs folder, project setup, technical docs. Keywords: README, docs, documentation, CONTRIBUTING, CHANGELOG, ARCHITECTURE, API docs, 文件, 說明文件, 技術文件.

Documentation Guide

Language: English | 繁體中文

Version: 2.1.0 Last Updated: 2026-03-17 Applicability: Claude Code Skills

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Purpose

This skill provides comprehensive guidance on project documentation, including:

• Documentation structure and file organization
• Content requirements by project type
• Writing standards for technical documents
• Templates for common documentation types

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Quick Reference (YAML Compressed)

# === PROJECT TYPE → DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS ===
document_matrix:
  #           README  ARCH   API    DB     DEPLOY MIGRATE ADR    CHANGE CONTRIB
  new:        [REQ,   REQ,   if_app, if_app, REQ,   NO,     REC,   REQ,   REC]
  refactor:   [REQ,   REQ,   REQ,    REQ,    REQ,   REQ,    REQ,   REQ,   REC]
  migration:  [REQ,   REQ,   REQ,    REQ,    REQ,   REQ,    REQ,   REQ,   REC]
  maintenance:[REQ,   REC,   REC,    REC,    REC,   NO,     if_app, REQ,   if_app]
  # REQ=Required, REC=Recommended, if_app=If applicable, NO=Not needed

# === DOCUMENTATION PYRAMID ===
pyramid:
  level_1: "README.md → Entry point, quick overview"
  level_2: "ARCHITECTURE.md → System overview"
  level_3: "API.md, DATABASE.md, DEPLOYMENT.md → Technical details"
  level_4: "ADR/, MIGRATION.md, CHANGELOG.md → Change history"

# === ESSENTIAL FILES ===
root_files:
  README.md: {required: true, purpose: "Project overview, quick start"}
  CONTRIBUTING.md: {required: "recommended", purpose: "Contribution guidelines"}
  CHANGELOG.md: {required: "recommended", purpose: "Version history"}
  LICENSE: {required: "for OSS", purpose: "License information"}

docs_structure:
  INDEX.md: "Documentation index"
  ARCHITECTURE.md: "System architecture"
  API.md: "API documentation"
  DATABASE.md: "Database schema"
  DEPLOYMENT.md: "Deployment guide"
  MIGRATION.md: "Migration plan (if applicable)"
  ADR/: "Architecture Decision Records"

# === FILE NAMING ===
naming:
  root: "UPPERCASE.md (README.md, CONTRIBUTING.md, CHANGELOG.md)"
  docs: "lowercase-kebab-case.md (getting-started.md, api-reference.md)"

# === QUALITY STANDARDS ===
quality:
  format:
    language: "English (or project-specified)"
    encoding: "UTF-8"
    line_length: "≤120 characters recommended"
    diagrams: "Mermaid preferred, then ASCII Art"
    links: "Relative paths for internal links"
  maintenance:
    sync: "Update docs when code changes"
    version: "Mark version and date at top"
    review: "Include docs in code review"
    periodic: "Review quarterly for staleness"

# === DIÁTAXIS CLASSIFICATION ===
diataxis:
  tutorial: "Learning-oriented (getting-started.md)"
  how_to: "Task-oriented (deployment.md, migration.md)"
  reference: "Information-oriented (api-reference.md, CHANGELOG.md)"
  explanation: "Understanding-oriented (architecture.md, ADR/)"
  header: "Add **Document Type**: Tutorial | How-to | Reference | Explanation"

# === LLM DISCOVERY ===
llm_discovery:
  llms_txt: "Structured index at project root for LLM retrieval"
  llms_full_txt: "Optional full concatenated docs"
  when: "Public projects, public APIs, projects using AI tools"

# === QUALITY METRICS ===
quality_metrics:
  leading: ["Coverage ≥90%", "Freshness ≤90d", "Link Health 100%", "Example Validity 100%"]
  lagging: ["Support ticket reduction", "Onboarding time", "Doc-related PR comments"]
  tools: [markdown-link-check, lychee, remark-lint, vale, textstat]

# === ADR ENHANCED ===
adr_enhanced:
  new_fields: [Date, Deciders, Drivers, "supersedes/superseded-by"]
  lifecycle: "proposed → accepted → [deprecated | superseded]"
  decision_matrix: "impact × reversibility → ADR required?"

# === TRANSLATION-FRIENDLY ===
translation_friendly:
  rules: ["Complete sentences", "No idioms", "Consistent terminology", "Simple SVO", "Explicit references"]
  glossary: "Maintain glossary.md for term consistency"
  status_tracking: "YAML frontmatter with translation_status, source_version"

---

Project Type Document Requirements

Document Requirements Matrix

Document	New Project	Refactoring	Migration	Maintenance
README.md	✅ Required	✅ Required	✅ Required	✅ Required
ARCHITECTURE.md	✅ Required	✅ Required	✅ Required	⚪ Recommended
API.md	⚪ If applicable	✅ Required	✅ Required	⚪ Recommended
DATABASE.md	⚪ If applicable	✅ Required	✅ Required	⚪ Recommended
DEPLOYMENT.md	✅ Required	✅ Required	✅ Required	⚪ Recommended
MIGRATION.md	❌ Not needed	✅ Required	✅ Required	❌ Not needed
ADR/	⚪ Recommended	✅ Required	✅ Required	⚪ If applicable
CHANGELOG.md	✅ Required	✅ Required	✅ Required	✅ Required

Project Type Quick Reference

🆕 New Project     → README + ARCHITECTURE + DEPLOYMENT + CHANGELOG
🔄 Refactoring     → All documents + MIGRATION + ADR (document "why refactor")
🚚 Migration       → All documents + MIGRATION (core document) + data verification
🔧 Maintenance     → README + CHANGELOG (update based on change scope)

---

Documentation Pyramid

                    ┌─────────────┐
                    │   README    │  ← Entry point, quick overview
                    ├─────────────┤
                 ┌──┴─────────────┴──┐
                 │   ARCHITECTURE    │  ← System overview
                 ├───────────────────┤
              ┌──┴───────────────────┴──┐
              │  API / DATABASE / DEPLOY │  ← Technical details
              ├─────────────────────────┤
           ┌──┴─────────────────────────┴──┐
           │    ADR / MIGRATION / CHANGELOG │  ← Change history
           └───────────────────────────────┘

---

Document Templates (YAML Compressed)

# === README.md ===
readme:
  minimum:
    - "# Project Name"
    - "Brief one-liner description"
    - "## Installation"
    - "## Usage"
    - "## License"
  recommended:
    - "# Project Name + Badges"
    - "## Features (bullet list)"
    - "## Installation"
    - "## Quick Start / Usage"
    - "## Documentation (link to docs/)"
    - "## Contributing (link to CONTRIBUTING.md)"
    - "## License"

# === ARCHITECTURE.md ===
architecture:
  required:
    - system_overview: "Purpose, scope, main functions"
    - architecture_diagram: "Mermaid or ASCII Art"
    - module_description: "Responsibilities, dependencies"
    - technology_stack: "Frameworks, languages, versions"
    - data_flow: "Main business process"
  recommended:
    - deployment_architecture: "Production topology"
    - design_decisions: "Key decisions (or link to ADR)"

# === API.md ===
api:
  required:
    - api_overview: "Version, base URL, authentication"
    - authentication: "Token acquisition, expiration"
    - endpoint_list: "All API endpoints"
    - endpoint_specs: "Request/response format"
    - error_codes: "Error codes and descriptions"
  recommended:
    - code_examples: "Examples in common languages"
    - rate_limiting: "API call frequency limits"
  endpoint_format: |
    ### POST /api/v1/resource
    **Request**: | Field | Type | Required | Description |
    **Response**: | Field | Type | Description |
    **Errors**: | Code | Description |

# === DATABASE.md ===
database:
  required:
    - db_overview: "Type, version, connection info"
    - er_diagram: "Entity relationship diagram"
    - table_list: "All tables with purposes"
    - table_specs: "Column definitions"
    - index_docs: "Indexing strategy"
    - migration_scripts: "Script locations"
  recommended:
    - backup_strategy: "Frequency, retention"
  table_format: |
    ### TableName
    **Columns**: | Column | Type | Nullable | Default | Description |
    **Indexes**: | Name | Columns | Type |
    **Relations**: | Related | Join | Relationship |

# === DEPLOYMENT.md ===
deployment:
  required:
    - environment_requirements: "Hardware, software, network"
    - installation_steps: "Detailed process"
    - configuration: "Config file parameters"
    - verification: "Confirm successful deployment"
    - troubleshooting: "Common issues and solutions"
  recommended:
    - monitoring: "Health checks, log locations"
    - scaling_guide: "Horizontal/vertical scaling"

# === MIGRATION.md ===
migration:
  required:
    - overview: "Goals, scope, timeline"
    - prerequisites: "Required preparation"
    - migration_steps: "Detailed process"
    - verification_checklist: "Post-migration checks"
    - rollback_plan: "Steps on failure"
    - backward_compatibility: "API/DB compatibility"
  recommended:
    - partner_notification: "External systems to notify"

# === ADR (Architecture Decision Record) ===
adr:
  filename: "NNN-kebab-case-title.md (e.g., 001-use-postgresql.md)"
  required:
    - title: "Decision name"
    - status: "proposed | accepted | deprecated | superseded"
    - context: "Why this decision is needed"
    - decision: "Specific decision content"
    - consequences: "Impact (positive/negative)"
  recommended:
    - alternatives: "Other options considered"

---

File Location Standards

project-root/
├── README.md                    # Project entry document
├── CONTRIBUTING.md              # Contribution guide
├── CHANGELOG.md                 # Change log
├── LICENSE                      # License file
└── docs/                        # Documentation directory
    ├── INDEX.md                 # Documentation index
    ├── ARCHITECTURE.md          # Architecture document
    ├── API.md                   # API document
    ├── DATABASE.md              # Database document
    ├── DEPLOYMENT.md            # Deployment document
    ├── MIGRATION.md             # Migration document (if needed)
    └── ADR/                     # Architecture decision records
        ├── 001-xxx.md
        └── ...

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README.md Required Sections

Minimum Viable README

# Project Name

Brief one-liner description.

## Installation

```bash
npm install your-package

Usage

const lib = require('your-package');
lib.doSomething();

License

MIT

### Recommended README Sections

1. **Project Name & Description**
2. **Badges** (CI status, coverage, npm version)
3. **Features** (bullet list)
4. **Installation**
5. **Quick Start / Usage**
6. **Documentation** (link to docs/)
7. **Contributing** (link to CONTRIBUTING.md)
8. **License**

---

## ADR Template

```markdown
# ADR-001: [Decision Title]

**Date**: YYYY-MM-DD
**Status**: proposed | accepted | deprecated | superseded
**Deciders**: [List of people involved]
**Supersedes**: ADR-NNN (if applicable)
**Superseded by**: ADR-NNN (if applicable)

## Drivers

- [Key factor 1]
- [Key factor 2]

## Context
[Why this decision is needed...]

## Decision
[Specific decision...]

## Consequences

### Positive
- Benefit 1
- Benefit 2

### Negative
- Drawback 1
- Drawback 2

## Alternatives Considered

### Alternative A: [Name]
- **Pros**: ...
- **Cons**: ...
- **Rejected because**: ...

When to write ADR (impact × reversibility):

• High impact + Hard to reverse → ADR required
• High impact + Easy to reverse → Optional
• Low impact + Hard to reverse → Optional
• Low impact + Easy to reverse → No ADR needed

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Documentation Audit Checklist

When reviewing a project's documentation:

□ README.md exists with essential sections
□ Installation instructions are clear and tested
□ Usage examples are provided and work
□ License specified
□ ARCHITECTURE.md exists (for non-trivial projects)
□ API.md exists (if APIs exposed)
□ DATABASE.md exists (if databases used)
□ DEPLOYMENT.md exists (for deployed projects)
□ ADR/ exists for major decisions
□ CHANGELOG.md follows Keep a Changelog format
□ All internal links working
□ Diagrams are up to date
□ No outdated information

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Configuration Detection

Detection Order

1. Check CONTRIBUTING.md for "Disabled Skills" section
2. Check CONTRIBUTING.md for "Documentation Language" section
3. Check existing documentation structure
4. If not found, default to English

First-Time Setup

If documentation is missing:

1. Ask: "This project doesn't have complete documentation. Which language should I use? (English / 中文)"
2. Determine project type (new/refactor/migrate/maintain)
3. Create required documents based on matrix
4. Suggest documenting in CONTRIBUTING.md:

## Documentation Standards

### Language
This project uses **English** for documentation.

### Required Documents
Based on project type, we maintain:
- README.md
- ARCHITECTURE.md
- DEPLOYMENT.md
- CHANGELOG.md

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Detailed Guidelines

For complete standards, see:

• Documentation Writing Standards
• Documentation Structure
• README Template

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Next Steps Guidance | 下一步引導

After /docs-guide completes, the AI assistant should suggest:

文件結構與需求已釐清。建議下一步 / Documentation structure and requirements clarified. Suggested next steps:

• 執行 /docs 根據指南直接產生專案文件 ⭐ Recommended / 推薦 — 立即將文件指南化為行動 / Turn documentation guidelines into action immediately
• 執行 /changelog 建立或更新 CHANGELOG.md — 確保變更歷史完整 / Ensure change history is complete
• 執行 /sdd 將文件需求納入規格驅動開發 — 確保文件與功能同步 / Ensure docs stay in sync with features

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Related Standards

• Documentation Writing Standards - Content requirements
• Documentation Structure - File organization
• Changelog Standards - CHANGELOG format
• Changelog Guide Skill - CHANGELOG skill

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Version History

Version	Date	Changes
2.1.0	2026-03-17	Added: Diátaxis classification, LLM discovery, quality metrics, enhanced ADR template, translation-friendly writing
2.0.0	2026-01-12	Added: Project type matrix, document templates, documentation pyramid
1.0.0	2025-12-24	Initial release

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License

This skill is released under CC BY 4.0.

Source: universal-dev-standards