| name | baoyu-translate |
| description | Translates articles and documents between languages with three modes - quick (direct), normal (analyze then translate), and refined (analyze, translate, review, polish). Supports custom glossaries and terminology consistency via EXTEND.md. Use when user asks to "translate", "翻译", "精翻", "translate article", "translate to Chinese/English", "改成中文", "改成英文", "convert to Chinese", "localize", "本地化", or needs any document translation. Also triggers for "refined translation", "精细翻译", "proofread translation", "快速翻译", "快翻", "这篇文章翻译一下", or when a URL or file is provided with translation intent. |
| version | 1.56.1 |
| metadata | {"openclaw":{"homepage":"https://github.com/JimLiu/baoyu-skills#baoyu-translate","requires":{"anyBins":["bun","npx"]}}} |
Translator
Three-mode translation skill: quick for direct translation, normal for analysis-informed translation, refined for full publication-quality workflow with review and polish.
Script Directory
Scripts in scripts/ subdirectory. {baseDir} = this SKILL.md's directory path. Resolve ${BUN_X} runtime: if bun installed → bun; if npx available → npx -y bun; else suggest installing bun. Replace {baseDir} and ${BUN_X} with actual values.
| Script | Purpose |
|---|
scripts/main.ts | CLI entry point. Default action splits markdown into chunks; also supports explicit chunk subcommand |
scripts/chunk.ts | Markdown chunking implementation used by main.ts and kept compatible for direct invocation |
Preferences (EXTEND.md)
Check EXTEND.md existence (priority order):
test -f .baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md && echo "project"
test -f "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md" && echo "xdg"
test -f "$HOME/.baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md" && echo "user"
# PowerShell (Windows)
if (Test-Path .baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md) { "project" }
$xdg = if ($env:XDG_CONFIG_HOME) { $env:XDG_CONFIG_HOME } else { "$HOME/.config" }
if (Test-Path "$xdg/baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md") { "xdg" }
if (Test-Path "$HOME/.baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md") { "user" }
| Path | Location |
|---|
.baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md | Project directory |
$HOME/.baoyu-skills/baoyu-translate/EXTEND.md | User home |
| Result | Action |
|---|
| Found | Read, parse, apply settings. On first use in session, briefly remind: "Using preferences from [path]. You can edit EXTEND.md to customize glossary, audience, etc." |
| Not found | MUST run first-time setup (see below) — do NOT silently use defaults |
EXTEND.md Supports: Default target language | Default mode | Target audience | Custom glossaries (inline or file path) | Translation style | Chunk settings
Schema: references/config/extend-schema.md
First-Time Setup (BLOCKING)
CRITICAL: When EXTEND.md is not found, you MUST run the first-time setup before ANY translation. This is a BLOCKING operation.
Full reference: references/config/first-time-setup.md
Use AskUserQuestion with all questions (target language, mode, audience, style, save location) in ONE call. After user answers, create EXTEND.md at the chosen location, confirm "Preferences saved to [path]", then continue.
Defaults
All configurable values in one place. EXTEND.md overrides these; CLI flags override EXTEND.md.
| Setting | Default | EXTEND.md key | CLI flag | Description |
|---|
| Target language | zh-CN | target_language | --to | Translation target language |
| Mode | normal | default_mode | --mode | Translation mode |
| Audience | general | audience | --audience | Target reader profile |
| Style | storytelling | style | --style | Translation style preference |
| Chunk threshold | 4000 | chunk_threshold | — | Word count to trigger chunked translation |
| Chunk max words | 5000 | chunk_max_words | — | Max words per chunk |
Modes
| Mode | Flag | Steps | When to Use |
|---|
| Quick | --mode quick | Translate | Short texts, informal content, quick tasks |
| Normal | --mode normal (default) | Analyze → Translate | Articles, blog posts, general content |
| Refined | --mode refined | Analyze → Translate → Review → Polish | Publication-quality, important documents |
Default mode: Normal (can be overridden in EXTEND.md default_mode setting).
Style presets — control the voice and tone of the translation (independent of audience):
| Value | Description | Effect |
|---|
storytelling | Engaging narrative flow (default) | Draws readers in, smooth transitions, vivid phrasing |
formal | Professional, structured | Neutral tone, clear organization, no colloquialisms |
technical | Precise, documentation-style | Concise, terminology-heavy, minimal embellishment |
literal | Close to original structure | Minimal restructuring, preserves source sentence patterns |
academic | Scholarly, rigorous | Formal register, complex clauses OK, citation-aware |
business | Concise, results-focused | Action-oriented, executive-friendly, bullet-point mindset |
humorous | Preserves and adapts humor | Witty, playful, recreates comedic effect in target language |
conversational | Casual, spoken-like | Friendly, approachable, as if explaining to a friend |
elegant | Literary, polished prose | Aesthetically refined, rhythmic, carefully crafted word choices |
Custom style descriptions are also accepted, e.g., --style "poetic and lyrical".
Auto-detection:
- "快翻", "quick", "直接翻译" → quick mode
- "精翻", "refined", "publication quality", "proofread" → refined mode
- Otherwise → default mode (normal)
Upgrade prompt: After normal mode completes, display:
Translation saved. To further review and polish, reply "继续润色" or "refine".
If user responds, continue with review → polish steps (same as refined mode Steps 4-6 in refined-workflow.md) on the existing output.
Usage
/translate [--mode quick|normal|refined] [--from <lang>] [--to <lang>] [--audience <audience>] [--style <style>] [--glossary <file>] <source>
<source>: File path, URL, or inline text--from: Source language (auto-detect if omitted)--to: Target language (from EXTEND.md or default zh-CN)--audience: Target reader profile (from EXTEND.md or default general)--style: Translation style (from EXTEND.md or default storytelling)--glossary: Additional glossary file to merge with EXTEND.md glossary
Audience presets:
| Value | Description | Effect |
|---|
general | General readers (default) | Plain language, more translator's notes for jargon |
technical | Developers / engineers | Less annotation on common tech terms |
academic | Researchers / scholars | Formal register, precise terminology |
business | Business professionals | Business-friendly tone, explain tech concepts |
Custom audience descriptions are also accepted, e.g., --audience "AI感兴趣的普通读者".
Workflow
Step 1: Load Preferences
1.1 Check EXTEND.md (see Preferences section above)
1.2 Load built-in glossary for the language pair if available:
1.3 Merge glossaries: EXTEND.md glossary (inline) + EXTEND.md glossary_files (external files, paths relative to EXTEND.md location) + built-in glossary + --glossary file (CLI overrides all)
Step 2: Materialize Source & Create Output Directory
Materialize source (file as-is, inline text/URL → save to translate/{slug}.md), then create output directory: {source-dir}/{source-basename}-{target-lang}/. Detect source language if --from not specified.
Full details: references/workflow-mechanics.md
Output directory contents (all intermediate and final files go here):
| File | Mode | Description |
|---|
translation.md | All | Final translation (always this name) |
01-analysis.md | Normal, Refined | Content analysis (domain, tone, terminology) |
02-prompt.md | Normal, Refined | Assembled translation prompt |
03-draft.md | Refined | Initial draft before review |
04-critique.md | Refined | Critical review findings (diagnosis only) |
05-revision.md | Refined | Revised translation based on critique |
chunks/ | Chunked | Source chunks + translated chunks |
Step 3: Assess Content Length
Quick mode does not chunk — translate directly regardless of length. Before translating, estimate word count. If content exceeds chunk threshold (default 4000 words), proactively warn: "This article is ~{N} words. Quick mode translates in one pass without chunking — for long content, --mode normal produces better results with terminology consistency." Then proceed if user doesn't switch.
For normal and refined modes:
| Content | Action |
|---|
| < chunk threshold | Translate as single unit |
| >= chunk threshold | Chunk translation (see Step 3.1) |
3.1 Long Content Preparation (normal/refined modes, >= chunk threshold only)
Before translating chunks:
- Extract terminology: Scan entire document for proper nouns, technical terms, recurring phrases
- Build session glossary: Merge extracted terms with loaded glossaries, establish consistent translations
- Split into chunks: Use
${BUN_X} {baseDir}/scripts/main.ts <file> [--max-words <chunk_max_words>] [--output-dir <output-dir>]
- Parses markdown blocks (headings, paragraphs, lists, code blocks, tables, etc.)
- Splits at markdown block boundaries to preserve structure
- If a single block exceeds the threshold, falls back to line splitting, then word splitting
- Assemble translation prompt:
- Main agent reads
01-analysis.md (if exists) and assembles shared context using Part 1 of references/subagent-prompt-template.md — inlining the resolved style preset (from --style flag, EXTEND.md style setting, or default storytelling), content background, merged glossary, and comprehension challenges
- Save as
02-prompt.md in the output directory (shared context only, no task instructions)
- Draft translation via subagents (if Agent tool available):
- Spawn one subagent per chunk, all in parallel (Part 2 of the template)
- Each subagent reads
02-prompt.md for shared context, translates its chunk, saves to chunks/chunk-NN-draft.md
- Terminology consistency is guaranteed by the shared
02-prompt.md (glossary + comprehension challenges from analysis)
- If no chunks (content under threshold): spawn one subagent for the entire source file
- If Agent tool is unavailable, translate chunks sequentially inline using
02-prompt.md
- Merge: Once all subagents complete, combine translated chunks in order. If
chunks/frontmatter.md exists, prepend it. Save as 03-draft.md (refined) or translation.md (normal)
- All intermediate files (source chunks + translated chunks) are preserved in
chunks/
After chunked draft is merged, return control to main agent for critical review, revision, and polish (Step 4).
Step 4: Translate & Refine
Translation principles (apply to all modes):
- Accuracy first: Facts, data, and logic must match the original exactly
- Meaning over words: Translate what the author means, not just what the words say. When a literal translation sounds unnatural or fails to convey the intended effect, restructure freely to express the same meaning in idiomatic target language
- Figurative language: Interpret metaphors, idioms, and figurative expressions by their intended meaning rather than translating them word-for-word. When a source-language image does not carry the same connotation in the target language, replace it with a natural expression that conveys the same idea and emotional effect
- Emotional fidelity: Preserve the emotional connotations of word choices, not just their dictionary meanings. Words that carry subjective feelings (e.g., "alarming", "haunting") should be rendered to evoke the same response in target-language readers
- Natural flow: Use idiomatic target language word order and sentence patterns; break or restructure sentences freely when the source structure doesn't work naturally in the target language
- Terminology: Use standard translations; annotate with original term in parentheses on first occurrence
- Preserve format: Keep all markdown formatting (headings, bold, italic, images, links, code blocks)
- Image-language awareness: Preserve image references exactly during translation, but after the translation is complete, review referenced images and check whether their likely main text language still matches the translated article language
- Frontmatter transformation: If the source has YAML frontmatter, preserve it in the translation with these changes: (1) Rename metadata fields that describe the source article —
url→sourceUrl, title→sourceTitle, description→sourceDescription, author→sourceAuthor, date→sourceDate, and any similar origin-metadata fields — by adding a source prefix (camelCase). (2) Translate the values of text fields (title, description, etc.) and add them as new top-level fields. (3) Keep other fields (tags, categories, custom fields) as-is, translating their values where appropriate
- Respect original: Maintain original meaning and intent; do not add, remove, or editorialize — but sentence structure and imagery may be adapted freely to serve the meaning
- Translator's notes: For terms, concepts, or cultural references that target readers may not understand — due to jargon, cultural gaps, or domain-specific knowledge — add a concise explanatory note in parentheses immediately after the term. The note should explain what it means in plain language, not just provide the English original. Format:
译文（English original，通俗解释）. Calibrate annotation depth to the target audience: general readers need more notes than technical readers. For short texts (< 5 sentences), further reduce annotations — only annotate non-common terms that the target audience is unlikely to know; skip terms that are widely recognized or self-explanatory in context. Only add notes where genuinely needed; do not over-annotate obvious terms.
Quick Mode
Translate directly → save to translation.md. No analysis file, but still apply all translation principles above — especially: interpret figurative language by meaning (not word-for-word), preserve emotional connotations, and restructure sentences for natural target-language flow.
Normal Mode
- Analyze →
01-analysis.md (domain, tone, audience, terminology, reader comprehension challenges, figurative language & metaphor mapping)
- Assemble prompt →
02-prompt.md (translation instructions with inlined style preset, content background, glossary, and comprehension challenges)
- Translate (following
02-prompt.md) → translation.md
After completion, prompt user: "Translation saved. To further review and polish, reply 继续润色 or refine."
If user continues, proceed with critical review → revision → polish (same as refined mode Steps 4-6 below), saving 03-draft.md (rename current translation.md), 04-critique.md, 05-revision.md, and updated translation.md.
Refined Mode
Full workflow for publication quality. See references/refined-workflow.md for detailed guidelines per step.
The subagent (if used in Step 3.1) only handles the initial draft. All subsequent steps (critical review, revision, polish) are handled by the main agent, which may delegate to subagents at its discretion.
Steps and saved files (all in output directory):
- Analyze →
01-analysis.md (domain, tone, terminology, reader comprehension challenges, figurative language & metaphor mapping)
- Assemble prompt →
02-prompt.md (translation instructions with inlined context)
- Draft →
03-draft.md (initial translation with translator's notes; from subagent if chunked)
- Critical review →
04-critique.md (diagnosis only: accuracy, Europeanized language, strategy execution, expression issues)
- Revision →
05-revision.md (apply all critique findings to produce revised translation)
- Polish →
translation.md (final publication-quality translation)
Each step reads the previous step's file and builds on it.
Step 5: Output
Final translation is always at translation.md in the output directory.
After the final translation is written, do a lightweight image-language pass:
- Collect image references from the translated article
- Identify likely text-heavy images such as covers, screenshots, diagrams, charts, frameworks, and infographics
- If any image likely contains a main text language that does not match the translated article language, proactively remind the user
- The reminder must be a list only. Do not automatically localize those images unless the user asks
Reminder format (use whatever image syntax the article already uses — standard markdown or wikilink):
Possible image localization needed:
- : likely still contains source-language text while the article is now in target language
- : likely text-heavy framework graphic, check whether labels need translation
Display summary:
**Translation complete** ({mode} mode)
Source: {source-path}
Languages: {from} → {to}
Output dir: {output-dir}/
Final: {output-dir}/translation.md
Glossary terms applied: {count}
If mismatched image-language candidates were found, append a short note after the summary telling the user that some embedded images may still need image-text localization, followed by the candidate list.
Extension Support
Custom configurations via EXTEND.md. See Preferences section for paths and supported options.
