// Spring Security best practices for authn/authz, validation, CSRF, secrets, headers, rate limiting, and dependency security in Java Spring Boot services.
[HINT] 下载包含 SKILL.md 和所有相关文件的完整技能目录
| name | springboot-security |
| description | Spring Security best practices for authn/authz, validation, CSRF, secrets, headers, rate limiting, and dependency security in Java Spring Boot services. |
| origin | ECC |
Auth ekleme, girişi işleme, endpoint oluşturma veya gizli bilgilerle uğraşırken kullanın.
httpOnly, Secure, SameSite=Strict cookie'leri kullanınOncePerRequestFilter veya resource server ile doğrulayın@Component
public class JwtAuthFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final JwtService jwtService;
public JwtAuthFilter(JwtService jwtService) {
this.jwtService = jwtService;
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String header = request.getHeader(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION);
if (header != null && header.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
String token = header.substring(7);
Authentication auth = jwtService.authenticate(token);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(auth);
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
@EnableMethodSecurity@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')") veya @PreAuthorize("@authz.canEdit(#id)") kullanın@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/admin")
public class AdminController {
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
@GetMapping("/users")
public List<UserDto> listUsers() {
return userService.findAll();
}
@PreAuthorize("@authz.isOwner(#id, authentication)")
@DeleteMapping("/users/{id}")
public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
userService.delete(id);
return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();
}
}
@Valid ile Bean Validation kullanın@NotBlank, @Email, @Size, custom validator'lar// KÖTÜ: Validation yok
@PostMapping("/users")
public User createUser(@RequestBody UserDto dto) {
return userService.create(dto);
}
// İYİ: Doğrulanmış DTO
public record CreateUserDto(
@NotBlank @Size(max = 100) String name,
@NotBlank @Email String email,
@NotNull @Min(0) @Max(150) Integer age
) {}
@PostMapping("/users")
public ResponseEntity<UserDto> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody CreateUserDto dto) {
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED)
.body(userService.create(dto));
}
:param binding'leri kullanın; string'leri asla birleştirmeyin// KÖTÜ: Native sorguda string birleştirme
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = '" + name + "'", nativeQuery = true)
// İYİ: Parametreli native sorgu
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = :name", nativeQuery = true)
List<User> findByName(@Param("name") String name);
// İYİ: Spring Data türetilmiş sorgu (otomatik parametreli)
List<User> findByEmailAndActiveTrue(String email);
PasswordEncoder bean'i kullanın@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(12); // cost faktörü 12
}
// Servis içinde
public User register(CreateUserDto dto) {
String hashedPassword = passwordEncoder.encode(dto.password());
return userRepository.save(new User(dto.email(), hashedPassword));
}
http
.csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable())
.sessionManagement(sm -> sm.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS));
application.yml'i kimlik bilgilerinden arınmış tutun; yer tutucular kullanın# KÖTÜ: application.yml'de sabit kodlanmış
spring:
datasource:
password: mySecretPassword123
# İYİ: Ortam değişkeni yer tutucu
spring:
datasource:
password: ${DB_PASSWORD}
# İYİ: Spring Cloud Vault entegrasyonu
spring:
cloud:
vault:
uri: https://vault.example.com
token: ${VAULT_TOKEN}
http
.headers(headers -> headers
.contentSecurityPolicy(csp -> csp
.policyDirectives("default-src 'self'"))
.frameOptions(HeadersConfigurer.FrameOptionsConfig::sameOrigin)
.xssProtection(Customizer.withDefaults())
.referrerPolicy(rp -> rp.policy(ReferrerPolicyHeaderWriter.ReferrerPolicy.NO_REFERRER)));
* kullanmayın@Bean
public CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {
CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
config.setAllowedOrigins(List.of("https://app.example.com"));
config.setAllowedMethods(List.of("GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE"));
config.setAllowedHeaders(List.of("Authorization", "Content-Type"));
config.setAllowCredentials(true);
config.setMaxAge(3600L);
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
source.registerCorsConfiguration("/api/**", config);
return source;
}
// SecurityFilterChain içinde:
http.cors(cors -> cors.configurationSource(corsConfigurationSource()));
// Endpoint başına rate limiting için Bucket4j kullanma
@Component
public class RateLimitFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final Map<String, Bucket> buckets = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private Bucket createBucket() {
return Bucket.builder()
.addLimit(Bandwidth.classic(100, Refill.intervally(100, Duration.ofMinutes(1))))
.build();
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String clientIp = request.getRemoteAddr();
Bucket bucket = buckets.computeIfAbsent(clientIp, k -> createBucket());
if (bucket.tryConsume(1)) {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.value());
response.getWriter().write("{\"error\": \"Rate limit exceeded\"}");
}
}
}
Unutmayın: Varsayılan olarak reddet, girişleri doğrula, en az ayrıcalık ve önce yapılandırma ile güvenli.