desktop-mobile-tauri

name	desktop-mobile-tauri
description	Tauri 2.x mobile development - iOS via WKWebView, Android via Android WebView, mobile plugins, Swift/Kotlin native code, permissions, debugging

Tauri 2.x Mobile Development

Quick Guide: Tauri 2.x supports iOS (WKWebView) and Android (Android WebView) from the same codebase as desktop. Initialize with tauri android init / tauri ios init, run with tauri android dev / tauri ios dev. Mobile-only plugins (biometric, barcode-scanner, NFC, haptics, geolocation) use #[cfg(mobile)] for conditional registration. Custom native code uses Swift classes extending Plugin on iOS and Kotlin classes annotated with @TauriPlugin on Android. Every mobile plugin needs platform permissions (Info.plist keys on iOS, AndroidManifest.xml permissions on Android) in addition to Tauri capability grants.

Current version: Tauri 2.x (stable). Mobile support is production-ready since Tauri 2.0 (2024).

---

<critical_requirements>

CRITICAL: Before Using This Skill

All code must follow project conventions in CLAUDE.md (kebab-case, named exports, import ordering, import type, named constants)

(You MUST use #[cfg(mobile)] when registering mobile-only plugins -- registering them unconditionally breaks desktop builds)

(You MUST add platform permissions (Info.plist on iOS, AndroidManifest.xml on Android) in ADDITION to Tauri capability file permissions -- missing platform permissions cause silent failures or runtime crashes)

(You MUST use #[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)] on pub fn run() -- without it, the app cannot launch on mobile)

(You MUST run mobile dev commands (tauri ios dev, tauri android dev) instead of tauri dev for mobile targets -- tauri dev only targets desktop)

</critical_requirements>

---

Auto-detection: tauri android init, tauri ios init, tauri android dev, tauri ios dev, tauri-plugin-biometric, tauri-plugin-barcode-scanner, tauri-plugin-nfc, tauri-plugin-haptics, tauri-plugin-geolocation, #[cfg(mobile)], #[cfg(target_os = "android")], #[cfg(target_os = "ios")], mobile_entry_point, Info.plist, Info.ios.plist, AndroidManifest.xml, NSCameraUsageDescription, NSFaceIDUsageDescription, NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription, @TauriPlugin, Plugin Swift class, WKWebView, Invoke, InvokeArg, run_mobile_plugin, develop-mobile

When to use:

• Adding iOS or Android targets to a Tauri 2.x project
• Using mobile-specific plugins (biometric auth, barcode scanner, NFC, haptics, geolocation)
• Writing custom native plugin code in Swift (iOS) or Kotlin (Android)
• Configuring mobile platform permissions and capabilities
• Debugging on mobile simulators/emulators or physical devices
• Writing platform-conditional Rust code for mobile vs desktop

When NOT to use:

• Desktop-only Tauri development (use the desktop-framework-tauri skill)
• General Tauri concepts (commands, IPC, events, permissions, window management -- desktop skill covers these)
• Frontend framework patterns (component architecture, state management -- use respective framework skills)
• General Rust programming not related to Tauri mobile APIs

Key patterns covered:

• Mobile project initialization and prerequisites (examples/core.md)
• Mobile-specific plugin registration with #[cfg(mobile)] (examples/core.md)
• Mobile plugin gallery: biometric, barcode-scanner, NFC, haptics, geolocation (examples/plugins.md)
• Custom Swift plugin development for iOS (examples/native-plugins.md)
• Custom Kotlin plugin development for Android (examples/native-plugins.md)
• Platform permissions: Info.plist, AndroidManifest.xml (examples/core.md)
• Mobile debugging: Safari Web Inspector, Chrome DevTools, logcat (examples/core.md)

Detailed resources:

• examples/core.md - Project setup, mobile plugin registration, permissions, platform-conditional code, debugging
• examples/plugins.md - Mobile-specific plugins (biometric, barcode, NFC, haptics, geolocation)
• examples/native-plugins.md - Custom Swift and Kotlin plugin development, calling Rust from mobile
• reference.md - CLI commands, prerequisites checklist, mobile plugin registry, permission reference

---

Philosophy

Tauri mobile extends the same Rust backend + webview frontend architecture to iOS and Android. The key difference: mobile apps run in the OS native webview (WKWebView on iOS, Android WebView on Android) and can access device hardware through mobile-specific plugins. Your existing Tauri desktop code (commands, state, events) works on mobile without changes -- you add mobile support incrementally.

When Tauri mobile is the right choice:

• You already have a Tauri desktop app and want to share the codebase with mobile
• You want a single codebase for desktop + mobile with web frontend skills
• You need native device features (camera, biometrics, NFC) accessible via plugins
• You want small app sizes compared to alternatives that bundle their own webview

When Tauri mobile may NOT be the right choice:

• You need pixel-perfect native UI (Tauri renders web content, not native widgets)
• You need features that require a consistent browser engine (Tauri uses the OS webview, which varies)
• Your app is mobile-only with no desktop plans (native mobile frameworks may be more appropriate)
• You need advanced mobile-specific APIs not yet covered by Tauri plugins

---

Core Patterns

Pattern 1: Mobile Project Initialization

Initialize mobile targets in an existing Tauri project. Each platform requires its own init step.

# Initialize Android target (generates gen/android/ project)
npx tauri android init

# Initialize iOS target (generates gen/apple/ project) -- macOS only
npx tauri ios init

After init, add the mobile entry point attribute to your run() function:

// src-tauri/src/lib.rs
#[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)]
pub fn run() {
    tauri::Builder::default()
        .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![/* commands */])
        .run(tauri::generate_context!())
        .expect("error while running tauri application");
}

Key point: #[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)] is required for mobile builds. Without it, the app cannot start on iOS or Android. The attribute is a no-op on desktop, so it is safe to always include. See examples/core.md for prerequisites and environment setup.

---

Pattern 2: Mobile Plugin Registration with #[cfg(mobile)]

Mobile-only plugins must be conditionally registered to avoid breaking desktop builds.

#[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)]
pub fn run() {
    let mut builder = tauri::Builder::default();

    // Mobile-only plugins -- conditional registration
    #[cfg(mobile)]
    {
        builder = builder
            .plugin(tauri_plugin_biometric::init())
            .plugin(tauri_plugin_barcode_scanner::init())
            .plugin(tauri_plugin_nfc::init())
            .plugin(tauri_plugin_haptics::init())
            .plugin(tauri_plugin_geolocation::init());
    }

    builder
        .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![/* commands */])
        .run(tauri::generate_context!())
        .expect("error while running tauri application");
}

Key point: Using #[cfg(mobile)] ensures these plugins are only compiled and registered on iOS/Android. The Cargo dependencies should also be conditional. See examples/core.md for Cargo.toml configuration.

---

Pattern 3: Platform-Conditional Rust Code

Use #[cfg(target_os)] for platform-specific logic in commands or setup.

#[tauri::command]
fn get_platform_info() -> String {
    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
    { "Running on Android".to_string() }

    #[cfg(target_os = "ios")]
    { "Running on iOS".to_string() }

    #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "ios")))]
    { "Running on desktop".to_string() }
}

Key point: #[cfg(mobile)] is shorthand for #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "ios"))]. Use the specific target_os when behavior differs between Android and iOS. See examples/core.md for conditional dependency examples.

---

Pattern 4: Platform Permissions (Info.plist + AndroidManifest.xml)

Mobile plugins require two layers of permissions: Tauri capability file grants AND native platform permission declarations.

<!-- src-tauri/Info.ios.plist (iOS) -->
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>Required to scan barcodes</string>
<key>NSFaceIDUsageDescription</key>
<string>Authenticate to access secure features</string>
<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>Required for location-based features</string>

<!-- gen/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml (Android) -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.location.gps" android:required="true" />

Key point: Missing platform permissions cause silent failures or OS-level denials, even when Tauri capabilities are correctly configured. iOS needs usage description strings explaining WHY the app needs each permission. See examples/core.md for the full permission layering pattern.

---

Pattern 5: Custom Swift Plugin (iOS)

Write native iOS code by extending the Tauri Plugin class in Swift.

import Tauri
import WebKit

class MyPlugin: Plugin {
    @objc public func doSomething(_ invoke: Invoke) throws {
        let args = try invoke.parseArgs(DoSomethingArgs.self)
        // Native iOS API calls here
        invoke.resolve(["result": "success"])
    }
}

class DoSomethingArgs: Decodable {
    let input: String
    var optional: Bool?
}

Key point: Methods must have @objc attribute and accept an Invoke parameter. Arguments are parsed via Decodable classes. Use invoke.resolve() to return data or invoke.reject() to return errors. See examples/native-plugins.md for complete examples.

---

Pattern 6: Custom Kotlin Plugin (Android)

Write native Android code with @TauriPlugin annotation and @Command methods.

import app.tauri.annotation.Command
import app.tauri.annotation.InvokeArg
import app.tauri.annotation.TauriPlugin
import app.tauri.plugin.Invoke
import app.tauri.plugin.Plugin

@InvokeArg
internal class DoSomethingArgs {
    lateinit var input: String
    var optional: Boolean = false
}

@TauriPlugin
class MyPlugin(private val activity: Activity) : Plugin(activity) {
    @Command
    fun doSomething(invoke: Invoke) {
        val args = invoke.parseArgs(DoSomethingArgs::class.java)
        val ret = JSObject()
        ret.put("result", "success")
        invoke.resolve(ret)
    }
}

Key point: Commands annotated with @Command run on the main thread by default. Long-running operations must use coroutines or background threads to avoid freezing the UI. Arguments use @InvokeArg annotation with lateinit var for required fields. See examples/native-plugins.md for async patterns and Rust interop.

---

Pattern 7: Mobile Development and Debugging

Run and debug on mobile devices/simulators.

# Run on iOS simulator (macOS only)
npx tauri ios dev

# Run on specific iOS device/simulator
npx tauri ios dev 'iPhone 16'

# Run on Android emulator
npx tauri android dev

# Open in Xcode / Android Studio for native debugging
npx tauri ios dev --open
npx tauri android dev --open

Debugging approaches:

• iOS: Safari > Develop menu > select device > inspect localhost
• Android: chrome://inspect in Chrome > select connected device
• Rust logs: Use tauri-plugin-log for structured logging across platforms
• Native logs: Xcode console (iOS) / adb logcat (Android)

Key point: The --open flag launches the IDE but the Tauri CLI process must stay running. For physical devices, the dev server must be reachable on the local network -- the CLI handles this via TAURI_DEV_HOST. See examples/core.md for physical device setup.

---

<decision_framework>

Decision Framework

Mobile Plugin Selection

Need device hardware access?
|-- Camera for scanning?
|   +-- tauri-plugin-barcode-scanner (QR, EAN-13, etc.)
|-- Biometric authentication?
|   +-- tauri-plugin-biometric (Face ID, fingerprint)
|-- NFC tags?
|   +-- tauri-plugin-nfc (read/write NDEF tags)
|-- Vibration / haptic feedback?
|   +-- tauri-plugin-haptics (impact, notification, selection feedback)
|-- GPS / location?
|   +-- tauri-plugin-geolocation (position, altitude, heading, speed)
+-- Other device features?
    +-- Check the Tauri plugin registry for mobile-compatible plugins

Desktop vs Mobile Plugin Registration

Is this plugin mobile-only?
|-- YES (biometric, barcode, NFC, haptics, geolocation)
|   +-- Use #[cfg(mobile)] for registration
|   +-- Use cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "ios")) for Cargo deps
|-- NO (fs, dialog, store, notification, http, etc.)
|   +-- Register unconditionally (works on both desktop and mobile)
+-- UNSURE
    +-- Check plugin docs for "Supported Platforms" table

Permission Layering

Adding a mobile plugin?
|
+-- Step 1: Tauri capability file (src-tauri/capabilities/)
|   +-- Add plugin permissions (e.g., "biometric:default")
+-- Step 2: iOS Info.plist (src-tauri/Info.ios.plist)
|   +-- Add NS*UsageDescription keys for each permission
+-- Step 3: Android manifest (gen/android/.../AndroidManifest.xml)
|   +-- Add <uses-permission> and <uses-feature> elements
+-- Step 4: Runtime permission request
    +-- Use plugin's checkPermissions() / requestPermissions() API

See reference.md for CLI command reference and mobile prerequisites checklist.

</decision_framework>

---

<red_flags>

RED FLAGS

High Priority Issues:

• Registering mobile-only plugins without #[cfg(mobile)] -- breaks desktop builds with missing native dependencies
• Missing #[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)] on run() -- mobile app cannot launch
• Adding Tauri capability permissions but forgetting platform permissions (Info.plist / AndroidManifest.xml) -- OS denies access at runtime
• Running tauri dev instead of tauri ios dev / tauri android dev for mobile -- builds for desktop, not mobile
• Using @tauri-apps/api/tauri import path (removed in v2 -- use @tauri-apps/api/core)

Medium Priority Issues:

• Not checking isAvailable() before using hardware plugins (biometric, NFC) -- the device may lack hardware support
• Running long operations on Android main thread in @Command methods -- freezes the UI
• Missing iOS PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy for App Store compliance -- Apple rejects apps without privacy manifests
• Forgetting runtime permission requests (checkPermissions() / requestPermissions()) -- iOS and Android require explicit user consent for camera, location, etc.
• Not handling the TAURI_DEV_HOST environment variable in dev server config -- physical device cannot reach dev server

Common Mistakes:

• Editing files in gen/android/ or gen/apple/ that get regenerated -- changes are lost on next tauri android init / tauri ios init
• Expecting identical webview rendering on iOS and Android -- WKWebView and Android WebView have different CSS/JS engine capabilities
• Forgetting to add Rust targets (rustup target add aarch64-apple-ios aarch64-linux-android ...) -- compilation fails
• Installing the Cargo crate without the npm package for mobile plugins -- TypeScript API unavailable

Gotchas & Edge Cases:

• iOS only on macOS: tauri ios init and tauri ios dev require macOS with Xcode installed
• Android 16KB pages: For NDK < 28, you need -C link-arg=-Wl,-z,max-page-size=16384 in .cargo/config.toml for aarch64-linux-android
• Haptics inconsistency: No standard for vibration support on Android -- feedback APIs may not work on budget devices
• NFC on iOS: Requires iOS 14+ minimum deployment target and "Near Field Communication Tag Reading" capability in Xcode entitlements
• --open flag lifecycle: When using tauri ios dev --open or tauri android dev --open, the Tauri CLI process must stay alive -- killing it breaks the build pipeline
• Safe areas: Tauri does not provide built-in safe area handling -- use CSS env(safe-area-inset-*) or a community plugin for edge-to-edge rendering
• Orientation lock: No built-in Tauri API for forcing screen orientation -- requires platform-specific native code

</red_flags>

---

<critical_reminders>

CRITICAL REMINDERS

All code must follow project conventions in CLAUDE.md (kebab-case, named exports, import ordering, import type, named constants)

(You MUST use #[cfg(mobile)] when registering mobile-only plugins -- registering them unconditionally breaks desktop builds)

(You MUST add platform permissions (Info.plist on iOS, AndroidManifest.xml on Android) in ADDITION to Tauri capability file permissions -- missing platform permissions cause silent failures or runtime crashes)

(You MUST use #[cfg_attr(mobile, tauri::mobile_entry_point)] on pub fn run() -- without it, the app cannot launch on mobile)

(You MUST run mobile dev commands (tauri ios dev, tauri android dev) instead of tauri dev for mobile targets -- tauri dev only targets desktop)

Failure to follow these rules will cause desktop build failures, runtime permission denials, or apps that cannot launch on mobile devices.

</critical_reminders>